4. 组合数据类型

# 创建方法[]
lst = [1,2,3,4,5,'66565656']

# 创建2 list
lst1 = list('hellowordld')
lst3 = list(range(1,10,2))

print(lst)
print(lst1)

# 列表相加
print(lst+lst1+lst3)

# 列表相乘
print(lst*3)

print(len(lst))
print(max(lst3))
print(min(lst3))
# 统计o的位置
print(lst1.count('o'))
print(lst3.count('o'))

# 删除列表
lst4 = [10,20,30]
print(lst4)
del lst4
# print(lst4)


# 循环列表
lst5=['hello','world','py','php']
for item in lst5:
    print(item)

# for + range() 和 len()
for i in range(len(lst5)):
    print(i,'-->', lst5[i])

# for + enumerate()函数，进行遍历
for index, item in enumerate(lst5):
    print(index,item)

# 修改索引开始
for index, item in enumerate(lst5,1):
    print(index,item)

# 排序
#


# 升序
list2=['apple','orange','banaba']
list2.sort()

# 降序
list2.sort(reverse=True)
print('降序',list2)

#
list3=[3,34,34,5,6,57,6,22,78,68]
asclst=sorted(list3)
print(asclst)
# 降序
desclist=sorted(list3,reverse=True)
print(desclist)


# 二维列表
list111= [
    ['城市', '环比', '同比'],
    ['北京',102, 103],
    ['上海',104,504]
]
print(list111)

for row in list111:
    for item in row:
        print(item, end='\t')
    print()

# 列表生成四行吴列
list2222= [[j for j in range(5)] for i in range(4)]
print(list2222)

s='helloworld'
for i in range(0,len(s)):
    print(i, s[i])

for i in range(-10,0):
    print(i,s[i])


#

s='hellowworld'

s1=s[0:5:1] #索引从0开始，到5结束，步长为1
print(s1)
# 省略开始start，默认从0开始
print(s[:5:1])
# 省略开始start，省略步长step
print(s[:5])
# 省略结束位置
print(s[0::1])
# 省略结束位置和步长
print(s[5:])

# 修改步长
print(s[0:5:2]) #从0开始，到5结束（不含5），步长为2
print(s[::2]) #0,2,4,6,8 位置上元素
print(s[::-1]) #翻转字符串

# 序列相加
s='hello'
s1='world'
s=s+s1
print(s)

list=[10,20,30,'ph']
# print(s+list) #报错

print(s*5)

print('_'*40)

# 相关操作
print('e' in s)
print('v' in s)


print('e' not in s)
print('v' not in s)

# 内置函数
print(len(s))
print(max(s))
print(min(s))
# 序列对象的方法
print(s.index('o')) # o 第一次出现的索引
print(s.count('o'))

t=('hello', [10,20],'py')

print(t)

t1=tuple('hello')
print(t1)

t=tuple([10,20,30,40])
print(t)

t=tuple(range(1,10))
print(t)

# 元组的操作
print('10在元组中么?', (10 in t))
print('10不在元祖中', (10 not in t))

print('max',max(t))
print('min',min(t))
print('len',len(t))
print('t.index',t.index(1))
print('t.count',t.count(3))
x=(10)
print(x,type(x))
y=(10,)
print(y,type(y))

# 删除
del t
# print(t)

# 元组的访问和遍历

t=('python','hello','world','sad')
print(t[0])
print(t[0:3:1])
print(t[0:3:2])

for i in range(len(t)):
    print(i,t[i])

for index,item in  enumerate(t):
    print(index,'---->',item)

# 1 {} 创建
d={10:'cat',20:'dog',30: 'pig'}
print(d)

# 2 zip创建
list1=[10,20,30,40]
list2=['qq','ww','ee','rr']
d1=zip(list1,list2)
print(d1)
d3=dict(d1)
# print(list(d1))
print(d3)

# 参数创建字典
d22=dict(cat=10,dog=20)
print(d22)

# 删除
del d22


print('max',max(d))
print('min',min(d))
print('len',len(d))

# 访问

print(d[10])
print(d.get(20))


# 遍历
for item in d.items():
    print(item)


for key,value in d.items():
    print(key,value)


# 操作方法

dd={100: 'sdsada',200: 'fdbdd'}
dd[300]='mkmll'
print(dd)

# 获取所有的键
keys=dd.keys()
print(keys)
print(list[keys])
print(tuple[keys])

# 获取全部value
values=dd.values()
print(values)
print(list[values])
print(tuple[values])

items1=dd.items()
print(items1)

集合

# 创建和删除

s={10,20,40,30}
print(s)
# s={[10,20],[30,40]}
# print(10)

# 创建空集合
s=set()

s=set('helloworld')
sa=set([10,20,30,40,50,10])
print(s)
print(sa)


# 找出相同的变量
s1={'json','sdad','aaa','bbbb'}
a={1,2,3,4}
b={3,4,5,6}

print(a&b)
print(a.intersection(b))

print(b&a)
print(b.intersection(a))

print(a|b)
print(a.union(b))

print(b|a)
print(b.union(a))

print(a-b)
print(a.difference(b))
print(b-a)
print(b.difference(a))