安裝系統套件
安裝系統套件的指令會因為 Linux 發行版而有不同，請依照各自所屬的 Linux 發行版安裝對應的套件。
CentOS Linux
[root@localhost]# sudo yum update -y && \
sudo yum groupinstall -y 'Development Tools' && \
sudo yum install -y \
openssl-devel \
libuuid-devel \
libseccomp-devel \
wget \
squashfs-toolsUbuntu Linux
[root@localhost]# sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install -y \
build-essential \
libssl-dev \
uuid-dev \
libgpgme11-dev \
squashfs-tools \
libseccomp-dev \
wget \
pkg-config \
git安裝 Go
# 安装 Go语言
wget https://dl.google.com/go/go1.16.linux-amd64.tar.gz #如果获取不了go1.16.linux-amd64.tar.gz你可以先在本地下载，然后传入虚拟机或者服务器
sudo tar -C /usr/local -xzf go1.16.linux-amd64.tar.gz
sudo ln -s /usr/local/go/bin/* /usr/bin/測試 Go 是否安裝成功：
go version安装epel扩展源：
[root@centos /]# yum install -y epel-release Last metadata expiration check: 0:00:22 ago on Wed 13 Jan 2021 09:24:36 AM UTC. Dependencies resolved. ============================================================================================================================================================================================================================================ Package Architecture Version Repository Size ============================================================================================================================================================================================================================================ Installing: epel-release noarch 8-8.el8 extras 23 k Transaction Summary ============================================================================================================================================================================================================================================ Install 1 Package Total download size: 23 k Installed size: 32 k Downloading Packages: epel-release-8-8.el8.noarch.rpm 140 kB/s | 23 kB 00:00 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total 34 kB/s | 23 kB 00:00 Running transaction check Transaction check succeeded. Running transaction test Transaction test succeeded. Running transaction Preparing : 1/1 Installing : epel-release-8-8.el8.noarch 1/1 Running scriptlet: epel-release-8-8.el8.noarch 1/1 Verifying : epel-release-8-8.el8.noarch 1/1 Installed: epel-release-8-8.el8.noarch Complete!
安装好epel源之后，需要再次更新系统软件：
[root@centos /]# yum update -y Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux Modular 8 - x86_64 9.2 kB/s | 527 kB 00:57 Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 8 - x86_64 10 kB/s | 8.8 MB 14:46 Last metadata expiration check: 0:00:19 ago on Wed 13 Jan 2021 09:26:09 AM UTC. Dependencies resolved. ============================================================================================================================================================================================================================================ Package Architecture Version Repository Size ============================================================================================================================================================================================================================================ Upgrading: epel-release noarch 8-10.el8 epel 22 k Transaction Summary ============================================================================================================================================================================================================================================ Upgrade 1 Package Total download size: 22 k Downloading Packages: epel-release-8-10.el8.noarch.rpm 7.8 kB/s | 22 kB 00:02 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total 6.1 kB/s | 22 kB 00:03 warning: /var/cache/dnf/epel-05da96c052a128d8/packages/epel-release-8-10.el8.noarch.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID 2f86d6a1: NOKEY Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 8 - x86_64 1.6 MB/s | 1.6 kB 00:00 Importing GPG key 0x2F86D6A1: Userid : "Fedora EPEL (8) <epel@fedoraproject.org>" Fingerprint: 94E2 79EB 8D8F 25B2 1810 ADF1 21EA 45AB 2F86 D6A1 From : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-8 Key imported successfully Running transaction check Transaction check succeeded. Running transaction test Transaction test succeeded. Running transaction Preparing : 1/1 Running scriptlet: epel-release-8-10.el8.noarch 1/1 Upgrading : epel-release-8-10.el8.noarch 1/2 Cleanup : epel-release-8-8.el8.noarch 2/2 Running scriptlet: epel-release-8-8.el8.noarch 2/2 Verifying : epel-release-8-10.el8.noarch 1/2 Verifying : epel-release-8-8.el8.noarch 2/2 Upgraded: epel-release-8-10.el8.noarch Complete!
配置epel国内镜像源
使用默认的源地址去下载软件的话，有可能会导致下载速度缓慢甚至下载失败。这里推荐使用华为的国内镜像源地址，配置方法如下：
[root@centos /]# sed -i "s/#baseurl/baseurl/g" /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo [root@centos /]# sed -i "s/metalink/#metalink/g" /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo [root@centos /]# sed -i "s@https\?://download.fedoraproject.org/pub@https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com@g" /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo
再次更新所有源：
[root@centos /]# yum update -y Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 8 - x86_64 5.9 MB/s | 8.8 MB 00:01 Last metadata expiration check: 0:00:02 ago on Wed 13 Jan 2021 09:55:51 AM UTC. Dependencies resolved. Nothing to do. Complete!
使用yum安装singularity
到这里为止，基本的环境配置就完成了，可以正式开始singularity的安装：
[root@centos /]# yum install -y singularity Last metadata expiration check: 0:00:59 ago on Wed 13 Jan 2021 09:55:51 AM UTC. Dependencies resolved. ============================================================================================================================================================================================================================================ Package Architecture Version Repository Size ============================================================================================================================================================================================================================================ Installing: singularity x86_64 3.7.0-1.el8 epel 42 M Transaction Summary ============================================================================================================================================================================================================================================ Install 1 Package Total download size: 42 M Installed size: 138 M Downloading Packages: singularity-3.7.0-1.el8.x86_64.rpm 3.4 MB/s | 42 MB 00:12 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total 3.4 MB/s | 42 MB 00:12 Running transaction check Transaction check succeeded. Running transaction test Transaction test succeeded. Running transaction Preparing : 1/1 Installing : singularity-3.7.0-1.el8.x86_64 1/1 Running scriptlet: singularity-3.7.0-1.el8.x86_64 1/1 Verifying : singularity-3.7.0-1.el8.x86_64 1/1 Installed: singularity-3.7.0-1.el8.x86_64 Complete!
可以通过如下方式来验证singularity是否安装成功，并且查看版本号：
[root@centos /]# singularity --version singularity version 3.7.0-1.el8
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