SpringBoot与数据访问

一、JDBC

1、pom文件

<properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <!-- SpringBoot集成的JDBC以及数据库连接包 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
        </dependency>


        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

2、配置文件application.yml

spring:
  datasource:
    username: root
    password: 123456
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/jdbc?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&useSSL=true&serverTimezone=UTC

3、测试代码

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class SpringbootJdbcApplicationTests {

    @Autowired
    private DataSource dataSource;

    @Test
    public void test() throws SQLException {
        Connection data = dataSource.getConnection();

        System.out.println("------" + data.getClass());

        System.out.println("------" + dataSource.getClass());

        data.close();
    }

}

4、查询数据库

@Controller
public class HelloController {

    @Autowired
    JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;

    @GetMapping("/query")
    @ResponseBody
    public Map<String,Object> query(){
        List<Map<String, Object>> list = jdbcTemplate.queryForList("select * from department");
        return list.get(0);
    }
}

二、整合Druid数据源

1、pom文件中添加数据源好日志文件

<!--引入druid数据源-->
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.alibaba/druid -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
            <version>1.1.8</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.17</version>
        </dependency>

2、配置数据源

spring:
  datasource:
    username: root
    password: 123456
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/jdbc?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&useSSL=true&serverTimezone=UTC
    type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource

    initialSize: 5
    minIdle: 5
    maxActive: 20
    maxWait: 60000
    timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis: 60000
    minEvictableIdleTimeMillis: 300000
    validationQuery: SELECT 1 FROM DUAL
    testWhileIdle: true
    testOnBorrow: false
    testOnReturn: false
    poolPreparedStatements: true
    #   配置监控统计拦截的filters，去掉后监控界面sql无法统计，'wall'用于防火墙
    filters: stat,wall,log4j
    maxPoolPreparedStatementPerConnectionSize: 20
    useGlobalDataSourceStat: true
    connectionProperties: druid.stat.mergeSql=true;druid.stat.slowSqlMillis=500

还是运行上述测试代码：

3、 使配置生效

@Configuration
public class DruidConfig {

    @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.datasource")
    @Bean
    public DataSource druid(){
        return new DruidDataSource();
    }

    //配置Druid的监控
    //1、配置一个管理后台的Servlet
    @Bean
    public ServletRegistrationBean statViewServlet(){
        ServletRegistrationBean bean = new ServletRegistrationBean(new StatViewServlet(), "/druid/*");
        Map<String,String> initParams = new HashMap<>();

        initParams.put("loginUsername","admin");
        initParams.put("loginPassword","123456");
        initParams.put("allow","");//默认就是允许所有访问
        initParams.put("deny","192.168.15.21");

        bean.setInitParameters(initParams);
        return bean;
    }


    //2、配置一个web监控的filter
    @Bean
    public FilterRegistrationBean webStatFilter(){
        FilterRegistrationBean bean = new FilterRegistrationBean();
        bean.setFilter(new WebStatFilter());

        Map<String,String> initParams = new HashMap<>();
        initParams.put("exclusions","*.js,*.css,/druid/*");

        bean.setInitParameters(initParams);

        bean.setUrlPatterns(Arrays.asList("/*"));

        return  bean;
    }
}

4、访问：http://localhost:8080/druid/login.html

账号：admin，密码：123456

eg：当发送http://localhost:8080/query请求时，会在sql监控中看到监控结果，web应用中也可看到相关执行情况

三、整合mybatis

1、引入mybatis依赖

<dependency>
			<groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
			<version>1.3.1</version>
		</dependency>

2、注解版

（1）mapper文件：

@Mapper
public interface DepartmentMapper {

    @Select("select * from department where id = #{id}")
    public Department getDeptById(Integer id);

    @Delete("delete from department where id = #{id}")
    public int deleteDeptById(Integer id);

    @Insert("insert into department(departmentName) values(#{departmentName})")
    public int insertDept(Department department);

    @Update("update department set departmentName = #{departmentName} where id = #{id}")
    public int updateDept(Department department);
}

（2）Controller

@RestController
public class DepartmentController {

    @Autowired
    private DepartmentMapper departmentMapper;

    @GetMapping("/dept/{id}")
    public Department getDeptById(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){
        return departmentMapper.getDeptById(id);
    }

    @Options(useGeneratedKeys = true,keyProperty = "id")
    @GetMapping("/delDept/{id}")
    public int deleteDeptById(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){
        return departmentMapper.deleteDeptById(id);
    }

    @GetMapping("/dept")
    public Department insertDept(Department department){
        departmentMapper.insertDept(department);
        return department;
    }
}

访问：http://localhost:8080/dept/2

访问：http://localhost:8080/dept?departmentName=3as

（3）问题：如果数据库中的字段是department_name,如何开启驼峰命名的方式呢

数据库字段名如下：

Mapper代码修改为如下；Controller层代码不变；访问方式不变

（4）改进：如果mapper文件很多，那么需要给每一个mapper文件都加上@Mapper注解，可以使用如下方式替代

使用@Mapper或者@MapperScan将接口扫描装配到容器中

3、配置文件版

（1）mapper文件

//使用@Mapper或者@MapperScan将接口扫描装配到容器中
public interface EmployeeMapper {

    public Employee getEmpById(Integer id);

    public void insertEmp(Employee employee);
}

（2）mapper.xml文件

<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.atguigu.springboot.mapper.EmployeeMapper">
   <!--    public Employee getEmpById(Integer id);
    public void insertEmp(Employee employee);-->
    <select id="getEmpById" resultType="com.atguigu.springboot.bean.Employee">
        SELECT * FROM employee WHERE id=#{id}
    </select>

    <insert id="insertEmp" useGeneratedKeys="true" keyProperty="id">
        INSERT INTO employee(lastName,email,gender,d_id) VALUES (#{lastName},#{email},#{gender},#{dId})
    </insert>
</mapper>

（3）mybatis配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>

    <settings>
        <setting name="mapUnderscoreToCamelCase" value="true"/>
    </settings>
</configuration>

（4）全局配置文件

mybatis:
  # 指定全局配置文件位置
  config-location: classpath:mybatis/mybatis-config.xml
  # 指定sql映射文件位置
  mapper-locations: classpath:mybatis/mapper/*.xml

（5）Controller文件

@RestController
public class EmployeeController {

    @Autowired
    private EmployeeMapper employeeMapper;

    @GetMapping("/emp/{id}")
    public Employee getEmpById(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){
        return employeeMapper.getEmpById(id);
    }

    @GetMapping("/emp")
    public Employee insertEmp(Employee employee){
        employeeMapper.insertEmp(employee);
        return employee;
    }
}

（6）项目结构

（7）测试

访问：http://localhost:8080/emp/1

访问：http://localhost:8080/emp?lastName=zhang&email=111213@qq.com&gender=1&dId=2