Spring cloud Ribbon负载均衡

项目整体代码请查看Eueka教程
https://blog.csdn.net/qq_38152423/article/details/118737006

第一种 随机策略

父工程pom

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.baojiaren</groupId>
    <artifactId>eureka</artifactId>
    <packaging>pom</packaging>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <modules>
        <module>eureka-server</module>
        <module>eureka-server02</module>
        <module>service-provider</module>
        <module>service-consumer</module>
        <module>service-provider-02</module>
    </modules>

    <!--继承spring-boot-starter-parent依赖-->
    <!--使用继承方式,实现复用,符合继承都可以被使用-->
    <parent>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <version>2.3.12.RELEASE</version>
    </parent>
    <properties>
        <spring-cloud.version>Hoxton.SR12</spring-cloud.version>
    </properties>
    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <!--spring cloud 依赖-->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>
</project>

service-consumer
第一种配置方式, 全局配置，启动类注册Bean

package com.baojiaren;

import com.netflix.loadbalancer.RandomRule;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
/**
 * @author ✎ℳ๓₯㎕.倾心❀、
 * @create 2021-07-15-9:34
 */
@SpringBootApplication
public class ServiceConsumerApplication {

    @Bean
    public RandomRule randomRule(){
       return new RandomRule();
    }
    @Bean
    //@LoadBalanced //负载均衡注解
    public RestTemplate restTemplate(){
        return new RestTemplate();
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(ServiceConsumerApplication.class);
    }
}

第二种配置方式 单体服务配置
yml配置

server:
  port: 9090
spring:
  mvc:
    hiddenmethod:
      filter:
        enabled: true
  application:
    name: service-consumer
    freemarker:
      prefer-file-system-access: false #是否优先从文件系统加载template
eureka:
  instance:
    hostname: service-provider #主机名 不配置的时候将根据操作系统的主机名来获取
    prefer-ip-address: true #是否使用ip地址注册
    instance-id: ${spring.cloud.client.ip-address}:${server.port} #ip port
  client:
    registerWithEureka: false #是否将自己注册到注册中心,默认为true
    serviceUrl:             # 注册中心对外暴露的注册地址
      defaultZone: http://root:123456@localhost:8761/eureka/,http://root:123456@localhost:8762/eureka/,
    registry-fetch-interval-seconds: 10 #表示 Eureka Client 间隔多久去服务器拉取注册信息 默认为30秒
#为所有服务配置统一规则
service-product: #为调用服务的名称
  ribbon:
    #配置随机策略
    NFLoadBalancerRuleClassName: com.netflix.loadbalancer.RandomRule

测试代码

package com.baojiaren.service.impl;

import com.baojiaren.pojo.Order;
import com.baojiaren.pojo.Product;
import com.baojiaren.service.OrderService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.ServiceInstance;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.DiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalancerClient;
import org.springframework.core.ParameterizedTypeReference;
import org.springframework.http.HttpMethod;
import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.util.CollectionUtils;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * @author ✎ℳ๓₯㎕.倾心❀、
 * @create 2021-07-15-10:16
 */
@Service
public class OrderServiceImpl implements OrderService {

    @Autowired
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;

    @Autowired
    private DiscoveryClient discoveryClient; //元数据对象
    @Autowired
    private LoadBalancerClient loadBalancerClient; // Ribbon 负载均衡器
    @Override
    public Order selectOrderById(Integer id) {
        return new Order(id,"order-001","中国",3199D,selectProductListByLoadBalancerClient());
    }

    /**
     * 第一种元数据方法
     * @return
     */
    private List<Product> selectProductListByDiscovery(){
        StringBuffer sb=null;
        //获取服务列表
        List<String> serviceIds=discoveryClient.getServices();
        if (CollectionUtils.isEmpty(serviceIds)){
            return null;
        }
        // 根据服务名称获取服务
        List<ServiceInstance> serviceInstances = discoveryClient.getInstances("service-product");
        if (CollectionUtils.isEmpty(serviceInstances)){
            return null;
        }
        ServiceInstance instance = serviceInstances.get(0);
        sb=new StringBuffer();
        sb.append("http://"+instance.getHost()+":"+instance.getPort()+"/product/list");

        ResponseEntity<List<Product>> response = restTemplate.exchange(sb.toString(), HttpMethod.GET, null, new ParameterizedTypeReference<List<Product>>() {
        });
        return response.getBody();
    }

    /**
     * Ribbon 负载均衡器方式
     * @return
     */
    private List<Product> selectProductListByLoadBalancerClient(){
        StringBuffer sb=null;
        //获取服务名称 获取服务
        ServiceInstance instance = loadBalancerClient.choose("service-product");
        System.out.println(instance);
        if (instance==null){
            return null;
        }
        sb=new StringBuffer();
        sb.append("http://"+instance.getHost()+":"+instance.getPort()+"/product/list");
        System.out.println(sb.toString());
        ResponseEntity<List<Product>> response = restTemplate.exchange(sb.toString(), HttpMethod.GET, null, new ParameterizedTypeReference<List<Product>>() {
        });
        return response.getBody();
    }

    /**
     * 注解方式
     * @return
     */
    private List<Product> selectProductListByLoadBalancerAnnotation(){
        ResponseEntity<List<Product>> response = restTemplate.exchange(
                "http://service-product/product/list", HttpMethod.GET,
                null,
                new ParameterizedTypeReference<List<Product>>() {
        });
        return response.getBody();
    }
}

Controller

package com.baojiaren.controller;

import com.baojiaren.pojo.Order;
import com.baojiaren.service.OrderService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

/**
 * @author ✎ℳ๓₯㎕.倾心❀、
 * @create 2021-07-15-11:07
 */
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/order")
public class OrderController {

    @Autowired
    private OrderService service;

    /**
     * 根据主键查询订单
     * @param id
     * @return
     */
    @GetMapping("/{id}")
    public Order selectOderById(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){

        return service.selectOrderById(id);
    }
}

Ribbon 点对点直连

server:
  port: 9090
spring:
  mvc:
    hiddenmethod:
      filter:
        enabled: true
  application:
    name: service-consumer
    freemarker:
      prefer-file-system-access: false #是否优先从文件系统加载template
#eureka:
#  instance:
#    hostname: service-provider #主机名 不配置的时候将根据操作系统的主机名来获取
#    prefer-ip-address: true #是否使用ip地址注册
#    instance-id: ${spring.cloud.client.ip-address}:${server.port} #ip port
#  client:
#    registerWithEureka: false #是否将自己注册到注册中心,默认为true
#    serviceUrl:             # 注册中心对外暴露的注册地址
#      defaultZone: http://root:123456@localhost:8761/eureka/,http://root:123456@localhost:8762/eureka/,
#    registry-fetch-interval-seconds: 10 #表示 Eureka Client 间隔多久去服务器拉取注册信息 默认为30秒
#为所有服务配置统一规则
service-product: #为调用服务的名称
  ribbon:
    #配置随机策略
    NFLoadBalancerRuleClassName: com.netflix.loadbalancer.RandomRule
    #指定具体的provider 服务列表, 多个用逗号隔开
    listOfServers: http://localhost:7070,http://localhost:7071

#关闭 Eureka  实现Ribbon 点对点直连
ribbon:
  eureka:
    enabled: false # false:关闭， true：开启

pom

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>eureka</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.baojiaren</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>service-consumer</artifactId>

    <name>service-consumer</name>
    <!-- FIXME change it to the project's website -->
    <url>http://www.example.com</url>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <maven.compiler.source>1.7</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>1.7</maven.compiler.target>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
      <!--  <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
        </dependency>-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-ribbon</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId>
                    <artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

访问:http://localhost:9090/order/1 测试