QT中的TCP通信服务器端程序

前言

  本篇文章完成了TCP服务器端的程序，程序中用到的系统函数，和自定义函数都进行了注释，如果大家有什么地方不懂可

以私信我。

  完整程序和客户端介绍在文章结尾有链接,具体功能如下：

TcpServer端：

 - 根据指定IP地址和端口打开网络监听，有客户端连接时创建socket连接

 - 采用基于行的数据通信协议，可以接收客户端发的消息，也可以向客户端发送消息

 - 在状态栏显示服务器监听状态和socket状态

效果图：

TCP服务器端程序设计

获取本地IPV4地址

QString TcpClient::getLocalIp()
{
    //返回主机名
    QString hostname = QHostInfo::localHostName();

    //返回主机信息
    QHostInfo hostInfo = QHostInfo::fromName(hostname);

    //返回IP地址列表
    QList<QHostAddress> addList = hostInfo.addresses();

    QString  localIP="";

    //判断IP地址列表是否为空
    if(!addList.isEmpty())
    //遍历IP地址列表，输出主机信息
    for(int i=0;i<addList.count();i++)
    {
        QHostAddress aHost = addList.at(i);
        //输出IPV4信息
        if(QAbstractSocket::IPv4Protocol==aHost.protocol())
        {
            localIP= aHost.toString();
            break;
        }
    }
    return localIP;
}

鼠标点击槽函数程序

1.开始监听

作为TCP服务器，QTcpServer类通过调用listen()在本机IP地址和端口上开始TCP监听，以等待TCP客户端的接入。

TcpServer::on_actStartListen_triggered()
{
    QString IP = ui->comboBox->currentText();
    quint16 port = ui->spinBox->value();
    QHostAddress addr(IP);
    tcpServer->listen(addr,port);
    //tcpServer->listen(QHostAddress::LocalHost,port);
    ui->plainTextEdit->appendPlainText("Start Listen:");
    ui->plainTextEdit->appendPlainText("服务器Address: "+tcpServer->serverAddress().toString());
    ui->plainTextEdit->appendPlainText("服务器Port:    "+QString::number(tcpServer->serverPort()));
    LabListen->setText("Listen State: Start Listen");
}

2.停止监听

void TcpServer::on_actStopListen_triggered()
{
    //isListening():判断服务器是否处于监听状态
    if(tcpServer->isListening())
    {
        //close():关闭服务器，停止网络监听
        tcpServer->close();
        LabListen->setText("Listen State: Stop Listen");
    }
}

3.清空文本

void TcpServer::on_actClear_triggered()
{
    ui->plainTextEdit->clear();
}

4.发送按钮

void TcpServer::on_btnSend_clicked()
{
    QString msg = ui->lineEdit->text();
    ui->plainTextEdit->appendPlainText("[out]: "+msg);
    ui->lineEdit->clear();
    ui->lineEdit->setFocus();


    QByteArray str = msg.toUtf8();
    str.append('\n');
    tcpSocket->write(str);
}

其他槽函数程序

1.建立新连接

void TcpServer::onNewConnection()
{  
   tcpSocket = tcpServer->nextPendingConnection();//获取接入连接的socket
   //第一次连接，手动调用客户连接槽函数
   onClientConnected();
   connect(tcpSocket,SIGNAL(connected()),this,SLOT(onClientConnected()));
   connect(tcpSocket,SIGNAL(disconnected()),this,SLOT(onClientDisconnected()));
   connect(tcpSocket,SIGNAL(stateChanged(QAbstractSocket::SocketState)),this,\
           SLOT(onStateChange(QAbstractSocket::SocketState)));
   onStateChange(tcpSocket->state());
   connect(tcpSocket,SIGNAL(readyRead()),this,SLOT(onSocketReadyRead()));
}

2.开始连接

void TcpServer::onClientConnected()
{
    ui->plainTextEdit->appendPlainText("Client Socket Connected");
    ui->btnSend->setEnabled(true);

    //peerAddress():在已连接状态下，返回对方socket的地址
    ui->plainTextEdit->appendPlainText("Peer Address: "+tcpSocket->peerAddress().toString());

    //peerPort():在已连接状态下，返回对方socket的端口
    ui->plainTextEdit->appendPlainText("Peer Port:    "+QString::number(tcpSocket->peerPort()));
}

3.断开连接

void TcpServer::onClientDisconnected()
{
    ui->plainTextEdit->appendPlainText("Client Socket Disconnected");

    //deleteLater():删除一个对象时，依赖此对象的子对象都会被删除，减少内存泄漏的风险
    tcpSocket->deleteLater();
}

4.实现缓冲区数据的读取

void TcpServer::onSocketReadyRead()
{
    //canReadLine():判断是否有新的一行数据需要读取
    while(tcpSocket->canReadLine())
    {
        //readLine():读取一行数据
        ui->plainTextEdit->appendPlainText("[in] "+tcpSocket->readLine());
    }
}

5.socket状态改变

void TcpServer::onStateChange(QAbstractSocket::SocketState socketState)
{
    switch(socketState)
    {
    case QAbstractSocket::UnconnectedState:
        LabSocketState->setText("Socket State: UnconnectedState"); break;
    case QAbstractSocket::HostLookupState:
        LabSocketState->setText("Socket State: HostLookupState"); break;
    case QAbstractSocket::ConnectingState:
        LabSocketState->setText("Socket State: ConnectingState"); break;
    case QAbstractSocket::ConnectedState:
        LabSocketState->setText("Socket State: ConnectedState"); break;
    case QAbstractSocket::BoundState:
        LabSocketState->setText("Socket State: BoundState"); break;
    case QAbstractSocket::ClosingState:
        LabSocketState->setText("Socket State: ClosingState"); break;
    case QAbstractSocket::ListeningState:
        LabSocketState->setText("Socket State: ListeningState"); break;
    }
}

程序参考链接

• TCP客户端程序介绍
• QT服务器端和客户端完整程序下载
• 获取主机地址信息其他介绍