QT中的TCP通信客户端程序

前言

  本篇文章完成了TCP客户端的程序，程序中用到的系统函数，和自定义函数都进行了注释，如果大家有什么地方不懂可以私信我。

  完整程序和服务端介绍在文章结尾有链接,具体功能如下：

Tcp客户端

 - 通过IP地址和端口号连接到服务器

 - 采用基于行的数据通信协议，与服务器端收发消息

 - 在状态显示socket的状态

效果图：

TCP客户器端程序设计

获取本地IPV4地址

QString TcpClient::getLocalIp()
{
    //返回主机名
    QString hostname = QHostInfo::localHostName();

    //返回主机信息
    QHostInfo hostInfo = QHostInfo::fromName(hostname);

    //返回IP地址列表
    QList<QHostAddress> addList = hostInfo.addresses();

    QString  localIP="";

    //判断IP地址列表是否为空
    if(!addList.isEmpty())
    //遍历IP地址列表，输出主机信息
    for(int i=0;i<addList.count();i++)
    {
        QHostAddress aHost = addList.at(i);
        //输出IPV4信息
        if(QAbstractSocket::IPv4Protocol==aHost.protocol())
        {
            localIP= aHost.toString();
            break;
        }
    }
    return localIP;
}

鼠标点击槽函数程序

1.连接到服务器

void TcpClient::on_actConnectServer_triggered()
{
    QString addr= ui->comboBox->currentText();
    quint16 port = ui->spinBox->value();
    //connectToHost():以异步的方式连接到指定IP地址和端口的TCP服务器，连接成功发送connect()信号
    tcpClient->connectToHost(addr,port);
}

2.断开连接

void TcpClient::on_actDisConnect_triggered()
{
    if(tcpClient->state()==QAbstractSocket::ConnectedState)
    {
        //disconnectFromHost():断开socket，关闭成功后发射disconnected()信号
        tcpClient->disconnectFromHost();
    }
}

3.清空文本

voidTcpClient::on_actClear_triggered()
{
    ui->plainTextEdit->clear();
}

4.发送按钮

void TcpClient::on_btnSend_clicked()
{
    QString msg = ui->lineEdit->text();
    ui->plainTextEdit->appendPlainText("[out]: "+msg);
    ui->lineEdit->clear();
    ui->lineEdit->setFocus();

    QByteArray str = msg.toUtf8();
    str.append('\n');
    tcpClient->write(str);
}

其他槽函数程序

1.开始连接槽函数

void TcpClient::onConnected()
{
    ui->plainTextEdit->appendPlainText("Client Socket Connected");
    ui->btnSend->setEnabled(true);

    //peerAddress():在已连接状态下，返回对方socket的地址
    ui->plainTextEdit->appendPlainText("Peer Address: "+tcpClient->peerAddress().toString());

    //peerPort():在已连接状态下，返回对方socket的端口
    ui->plainTextEdit->appendPlainText("Peer Port:    "+QString::number(tcpClient->peerPort()));
}

2.断开连接槽函数

void TcpClient::onDisconnected()
{
    ui->plainTextEdit->appendPlainText("Client Socket Disconnected");
}

3.实现缓冲区数据的读取槽函数

void TcpClient::onSocketReadyRead()
{
    //canReadLine():判断是否有新的一行数据需要读取
    while(tcpClient->canReadLine())
    {
        //readLine():读取一行数据
        ui->plainTextEdit->appendPlainText("[in] "+tcpClient->readLine());
    }
}

4.socket状态改变槽函数

void TcpClient::onStateChanged(QAbstractSocket::SocketState socketState)
{
    switch(socketState)
    {
    case QAbstractSocket::UnconnectedState:
        LabSocketState->setText("Socket State: UnconnectedState"); break;
    case QAbstractSocket::HostLookupState:
        LabSocketState->setText("Socket State: HostLookupState"); break;
    case QAbstractSocket::ConnectingState:
        LabSocketState->setText("Socket State: ConnectingState"); break;
    case QAbstractSocket::ConnectedState:
        LabSocketState->setText("Socket State: ConnectedState"); break;
    case QAbstractSocket::BoundState:
        LabSocketState->setText("Socket State: BoundState"); break;
    case QAbstractSocket::ClosingState:
        LabSocketState->setText("Socket State: ClosingState"); break;
    case QAbstractSocket::ListeningState:
        LabSocketState->setText("Socket State: ListeningState"); break;
    }
}

程序参考链接

• TCP服务器端程序介绍
• QT服务器端和客户端完整程序下载
• 获取主机地址信息其他介绍