【Diffusers库】第四篇训练一个扩散模型(Unconditional)

Robin C

已于 2024-03-29 22:23:52 修改

阅读量1k

点赞数 25

文章标签： AIGC stable diffusion

于 2024-03-28 22:31:26 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_38423499/article/details/136845413

版权

写在前面的话

这是我们研发的用于 消费决策的AI助理 ，我们会持续优化，欢迎体验与反馈。微信扫描二维码，添加即可。
官方链接：https://ailab.smzdm.com/

************************************************************** 分割线 *******************************************************************

本教程将讲述如何在Smithsonian Butterflies数据集的子集上，从头开始训练UNet2DModel，最终训练个【无条件图片生成模型】，就是不能进行文生图的啊，我觉得比较适合垂直领域的数据训练。

下载数据

训练的数据集在这个：https://huggingface.co/datasets/huggan/smithsonian_butterflies_subset。可以使用代码进行下载。
完整的代码在最后，因为网络的原因，调代码花了一些时间(官网默认上传hugging face，我没上传)，所以要运行的话，copy最后的全部代码。我的显卡是3050，8G显存。

from datasets import load_dataset
dataset = load_dataset("huggan/smithsonian_butterflies_subset")

代码运行完成后，它的默认下载路径在：

/Users/用户名/.cache/huggingface/datasets

进入该目录后，可以看见下载的文件夹。

模型配置文件

为了方便起见，训练一个包含超参数的配置文件：

from dataclasses import dataclass


@dataclass
class TrainingConfig:
    image_size = 128  # the generated image resolution
    train_batch_size = 16
    eval_batch_size = 16  # how many images to sample during evaluation
    num_epochs = 50
    gradient_accumulation_steps = 1
    learning_rate = 1e-4
    lr_warmup_steps = 500
    save_image_epochs = 10
    save_model_epochs = 30
    mixed_precision = "fp16"  # `no` for float32, `fp16` for automatic mixed precision
    output_dir = "ddpm-butterflies-128"  # the model name locally and on the HF Hub

    push_to_hub = True  # whether to upload the saved model to the HF Hub
    hub_private_repo = False
    overwrite_output_dir = True  # overwrite the old model when re-running the notebook
    seed = 0


config = TrainingConfig()

加载数据

from datasets import load_dataset

config.dataset_name = "huggan/smithsonian_butterflies_subset"
dataset = load_dataset(config.dataset_name, split="train")

大家也可以添加一下，Smithsonian Butterflies 数据集中一些其他数据(创建一个ImageFolder文件夹)，但是在配置文件中要进行添加对应的变量 imagefolder。当然，也可以使用自己的数据。

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

fig, axs = plt.subplots(1, 4, figsize=(16, 4))
for i, image in enumerate(dataset[:4]["image"]):
    axs[i].imshow(image)
    axs[i].set_axis_off()
fig.show()

在这里插入图片描述
不过，这些图像的大小都不一样，所以你需要先对它们进行预处理：

统一图像尺寸：缩放到配置文件中的指定尺寸；
数据增强：通过裁剪、翻转等方法
标准化：将像素值的范围控制在[-1, 1]

from torchvision import transforms

preprocess = transforms.Compose(
    [
        transforms.Resize((config.image_size, config.image_size)),
        transforms.RandomHorizontalFlip(),
        transforms.ToTensor(),
        transforms.Normalize([0.5], [0.5]),
    ]
)

对图像进行预处理，将图像通道转化为RGB

def transform(examples):
    images = [preprocess(image.convert("RGB")) for image in examples["image"]]
    return {"images": images}


dataset.set_transform(transform)

可以再次可视化图像，以确认它们是否已经被调整。之后就可以将数据集打包到DataLoader中进行训练了！

import torch
train_dataloader = torch.utils.data.DataLoader(dataset, batch_size=config.train_batch_size, shuffle=True)

创建一个UNet2DModel

from diffusers import UNet2DModel

model = UNet2DModel(
    sample_size=config.image_size,  # the target image resolution
    in_channels=3,  # the number of input channels, 3 for RGB images
    out_channels=3,  # the number of output channels
    layers_per_block=2,  # how many ResNet layers to use per UNet block
    block_out_channels=(128, 128, 256, 256, 512, 512),  # the number of output channels for each UNet block
    down_block_types=(
        "DownBlock2D",  # a regular ResNet downsampling block
        "DownBlock2D",
        "DownBlock2D",
        "DownBlock2D",
        "AttnDownBlock2D",  # a ResNet downsampling block with spatial self-attention
        "DownBlock2D",
    ),
    up_block_types=(
        "UpBlock2D",  # a regular ResNet upsampling block
        "AttnUpBlock2D",  # a ResNet upsampling block with spatial self-attention
        "UpBlock2D",
        "UpBlock2D",
        "UpBlock2D",
        "UpBlock2D",
    ),
)

还有一个方法，快速检查样本图像的形状是否与模型输出形状匹配。

sample_image = dataset[0]["images"].unsqueeze(0)

print("Input shape:", sample_image.shape)
print("Output shape:", model(sample_image, timestep=0).sample.shape)

还需要一个调度器来为图像添加一些噪声。

创建一个调度器

调度器的作用在不同的场景下会生成不同的作用，这取决于您是使用模型进行训练还是推理。
在推理过程中，调度器从噪声中生成图像。
在训练过程中，调度器从图像上生成噪声。
可以看下DDPMScheduler调度器给图像增加噪声的效果：

import torch
from PIL import Image
from diffusers import DDPMScheduler

noise_scheduler = DDPMScheduler(num_train_timesteps=1000)
noise = torch.randn(sample_image.shape)
timesteps = torch.LongTensor([50])
noisy_image = noise_scheduler.add_noise(sample_image, noise, timesteps)

Image.fromarray(((noisy_image.permute(0, 2, 3, 1) + 1.0) * 127.5).type(torch.uint8).numpy()[0])

在这里插入图片描述
模型的训练对象，就是去预测这些被覆盖在图像上的噪声。在这个训练过程中，loss可以被计算。

import torch.nn.functional as F

noise_pred = model(noisy_image, timesteps).sample
loss = F.mse_loss(noise_pred, noise)

训练模型

到目前为止，已经完成了开始训练模型的大部分内容，剩下的就是将所有内容组合在一起。
再添加一个优化器和一个学习率调度器：

from diffusers.optimization import get_cosine_schedule_with_warmup

optimizer = torch.optim.AdamW(model.parameters(), lr=config.learning_rate)
lr_scheduler = get_cosine_schedule_with_warmup(
    optimizer=optimizer,
    num_warmup_steps=config.lr_warmup_steps,
    num_training_steps=(len(train_dataloader) * config.num_epochs),
)

你还需要一种方法去评估模型，可以使用 DDPMPipeline 去生成一个batch，然后将他存为一个grid。

from diffusers import DDPMPipeline
import math
import os


def make_grid(images, rows, cols):
    w, h = images[0].size
    grid = Image.new("RGB", size=(cols * w, rows * h))
    for i, image in enumerate(images):
        grid.paste(image, box=(i % cols * w, i // cols * h))
    return grid


def evaluate(config, epoch, pipeline):
    # Sample some images from random noise (this is the backward diffusion process).
    # The default pipeline output type is `List[PIL.Image]`
    images = pipeline(
        batch_size=config.eval_batch_size,
        generator=torch.manual_seed(config.seed),
    ).images

    # Make a grid out of the images
    image_grid = make_grid(images, rows=4, cols=4)

    # Save the images
    test_dir = os.path.join(config.output_dir, "samples")
    os.makedirs(test_dir, exist_ok=True)
    image_grid.save(f"{test_dir}/{epoch:04d}.png")

现在开始梳理整个模型训练的循环过程：

from accelerate import Accelerator
from huggingface_hub import HfFolder, Repository, whoami
from tqdm.auto import tqdm
from pathlib import Path
import os


def get_full_repo_name(model_id: str, organization: str = None, token: str = None):
    if token is None:
        token = HfFolder.get_token()
    if organization is None:
        username = whoami(token)["name"]
        return f"{username}/{model_id}"
    else:
        return f"{organization}/{model_id}"


def train_loop(config, model, noise_scheduler, optimizer, train_dataloader, lr_scheduler):
    # Initialize accelerator and tensorboard logging
    accelerator = Accelerator(
        mixed_precision=config.mixed_precision,
        gradient_accumulation_steps=config.gradient_accumulation_steps,
        log_with="tensorboard",
        logging_dir=os.path.join(config.output_dir, "logs"),
    )
    if accelerator.is_main_process:
        if config.push_to_hub:
            repo_name = get_full_repo_name(Path(config.output_dir).name)
            repo = Repository(config.output_dir, clone_from=repo_name)
        elif config.output_dir is not None:
            os.makedirs(config.output_dir, exist_ok=True)
        accelerator.init_trackers("train_example")

    # Prepare everything
    # There is no specific order to remember, you just need to unpack the
    # objects in the same order you gave them to the prepare method.
    model, optimizer, train_dataloader, lr_scheduler = accelerator.prepare(
        model, optimizer, train_dataloader, lr_scheduler
    )

    global_step = 0

    # Now you train the model
    for epoch in range(config.num_epochs):
        progress_bar = tqdm(total=len(train_dataloader), disable=not accelerator.is_local_main_process)
        progress_bar.set_description(f"Epoch {epoch}")

        for step, batch in enumerate(train_dataloader):
            clean_images = batch["images"]
            # Sample noise to add to the images
            noise = torch.randn(clean_images.shape).to(clean_images.device)
            bs = clean_images.shape[0]

            # Sample a random timestep for each image
            timesteps = torch.randint(
                0, noise_scheduler.config.num_train_timesteps, (bs,), device=clean_images.device
            ).long()

            # Add noise to the clean images according to the noise magnitude at each timestep
            # (this is the forward diffusion process)
            noisy_images = noise_scheduler.add_noise(clean_images, noise, timesteps)

            with accelerator.accumulate(model):
                # Predict the noise residual
                noise_pred = model(noisy_images, timesteps, return_dict=False)[0]
                loss = F.mse_loss(noise_pred, noise)
                accelerator.backward(loss)

                accelerator.clip_grad_norm_(model.parameters(), 1.0)
                optimizer.step()
                lr_scheduler.step()
                optimizer.zero_grad()

            progress_bar.update(1)
            logs = {"loss": loss.detach().item(), "lr": lr_scheduler.get_last_lr()[0], "step": global_step}
            progress_bar.set_postfix(**logs)
            accelerator.log(logs, step=global_step)
            global_step += 1

        # After each epoch you optionally sample some demo images with evaluate() and save the model
        if accelerator.is_main_process:
            pipeline = DDPMPipeline(unet=accelerator.unwrap_model(model), scheduler=noise_scheduler)

            if (epoch + 1) % config.save_image_epochs == 0 or epoch == config.num_epochs - 1:
                evaluate(config, epoch, pipeline)

            if (epoch + 1) % config.save_model_epochs == 0 or epoch == config.num_epochs - 1:
                if config.push_to_hub:
                    repo.push_to_hub(commit_message=f"Epoch {epoch}", blocking=True)
                else:
                    pipeline.save_pretrained(config.output_dir)

现在你终于可以使用 Accelerate的notebook_launcher函数来启动训练了。将训练循环、所有训练参数以及要用于训练的进程数（你可以将其更改为可用的GPU数量）传递给这个函数：

from accelerate import notebook_launcher
args = (config, model, noise_scheduler, optimizer, train_dataloader, lr_scheduler)
notebook_launcher(train_loop, args, num_processes=1)

在训练完成后，就可以看最后生成图像的模型了。

import glob
sample_images = sorted(glob.glob(f"{config.output_dir}/samples/*.png"))
Image.open(sample_images[-1])

完整版代码：

# -*- coding:utf-8 _*-
# Author : Robin Chen
# Time : 2024/3/27 20:06
# File : train_diffusion.py
# Purpose: train a unconditional diffusion model

from diffusers import DDPMPipeline, DDPMScheduler, UNet2DModel
from accelerate import Accelerator
from huggingface_hub import HfFolder, Repository, whoami
from tqdm.auto import tqdm
from pathlib import Path
import os
from accelerate import notebook_launcher
from diffusers.optimization import get_cosine_schedule_with_warmup
from PIL import Image
import torch.nn.functional as F
import torch
from torchvision import transforms
from dataclasses import dataclass
from datasets import load_dataset

# from huggingface_hub import notebook_login

os.environ['HTTP_PROXY'] = 'http://127.0.0.1:7890'
os.environ['HTTPS_PROXY'] = 'http://127.0.0.1:7890'
# notebook_login()

dataset = load_dataset("huggan/smithsonian_butterflies_subset")


@dataclass
class TrainingConfig:
    image_size = 128  # the generated image resolution
    train_batch_size = 16
    eval_batch_size = 16  # how many images to sample during evaluation
    num_epochs = 50
    gradient_accumulation_steps = 1
    learning_rate = 1e-4
    lr_warmup_steps = 500
    save_image_epochs = 10
    save_model_epochs = 30
    mixed_precision = "fp16"  # `no` for float32, `fp16` for automatic mixed precision
    output_dir = "ddpm-butterflies-128"  # the model name locally and on the HF Hub

    push_to_hub = False  # True  # whether to upload the saved model to the HF Hub
    hub_private_repo = False
    overwrite_output_dir = True  # overwrite the old model when re-running the notebook
    seed = 0



def transform(examples):
    images = [preprocess(image.convert("RGB")) for image in examples["image"]]
    return {"images": images}


def make_grid(images, rows, cols):
    w, h = images[0].size
    grid = Image.new("RGB", size=(cols * w, rows * h))
    for i, image in enumerate(images):
        grid.paste(image, box=(i % cols * w, i // cols * h))
    return grid


def evaluate(config, epoch, pipeline):
    # Sample some images from random noise (this is the backward diffusion process).
    # The default pipeline output type is `List[PIL.Image]`
    images = pipeline(
        batch_size=config.eval_batch_size,
        generator=torch.manual_seed(config.seed),
    ).images

    # Make a grid out of the images
    image_grid = make_grid(images, rows=4, cols=4)

    # Save the images
    test_dir = os.path.join(config.output_dir, "samples")
    os.makedirs(test_dir, exist_ok=True)
    image_grid.save(f"{test_dir}/{epoch:04d}.png")


def get_full_repo_name(model_id: str, organization: str = None, token: str = None):
    if token is None:
        token = HfFolder.get_token()
    if organization is None:
        username = whoami(token)["name"]
        return f"{username}/{model_id}"
    else:
        return f"{organization}/{model_id}"


config = TrainingConfig()


config.dataset_name = "huggan/smithsonian_butterflies_subset"

dataset = load_dataset(config.dataset_name, split="train")


preprocess = transforms.Compose(
    [
        transforms.Resize((config.image_size, config.image_size)),
        transforms.RandomHorizontalFlip(),
        transforms.ToTensor(),
        transforms.Normalize([0.5], [0.5]),
    ]
)


dataset.set_transform(transform)

train_dataloader = torch.utils.data.DataLoader(dataset, batch_size=config.train_batch_size, shuffle=True)


model = UNet2DModel(
    sample_size=config.image_size,  # the target image resolution
    in_channels=3,  # the number of input channels, 3 for RGB images
    out_channels=3,  # the number of output channels
    layers_per_block=2,  # how many ResNet layers to use per UNet block
    block_out_channels=(128, 128, 256, 256, 512, 512),  # the number of output channels for each UNet block
    down_block_types=(
        "DownBlock2D",  # a regular ResNet downsampling block
        "DownBlock2D",
        "DownBlock2D",
        "DownBlock2D",
        "AttnDownBlock2D",  # a ResNet downsampling block with spatial self-attention
        "DownBlock2D",
    ),
    up_block_types=(
        "UpBlock2D",  # a regular ResNet upsampling block
        "AttnUpBlock2D",  # a ResNet upsampling block with spatial self-attention
        "UpBlock2D",
        "UpBlock2D",
        "UpBlock2D",
        "UpBlock2D",
    ),
)

sample_image = dataset[0]["images"].unsqueeze(0)

print("Input shape:", sample_image.shape)
print("Output shape:", model(sample_image, timestep=0).sample.shape)

noise_scheduler = DDPMScheduler(num_train_timesteps=1000)
noise = torch.randn(sample_image.shape)
timesteps = torch.LongTensor([50])
noisy_image = noise_scheduler.add_noise(sample_image, noise, timesteps)

Image.fromarray(((noisy_image.permute(0, 2, 3, 1) + 1.0) * 127.5).type(torch.uint8).numpy()[0])



noise_pred = model(noisy_image, timesteps).sample
loss = F.mse_loss(noise_pred, noise)


optimizer = torch.optim.AdamW(model.parameters(), lr=config.learning_rate)
lr_scheduler = get_cosine_schedule_with_warmup(
    optimizer=optimizer,
    num_warmup_steps=config.lr_warmup_steps,
    num_training_steps=(len(train_dataloader) * config.num_epochs),
)




def train_loop(config, model, noise_scheduler, optimizer, train_dataloader, lr_scheduler):
    # Initialize accelerator and tensorboard logging
    accelerator = Accelerator(
        mixed_precision=config.mixed_precision,
        gradient_accumulation_steps=config.gradient_accumulation_steps,
        log_with="tensorboard",
    ) #         logging_dir=os.path.join(config.output_dir, "logs"),
    if accelerator.is_main_process:
        if config.push_to_hub:
            repo_name = get_full_repo_name(Path(config.output_dir).name)
            # repo = Repository(config.output_dir, clone_from=repo_name)
        elif config.output_dir is not None:
            os.makedirs(config.output_dir, exist_ok=True)
        accelerator.init_trackers("train_example")

    # Prepare everything
    # There is no specific order to remember, you just need to unpack the
    # objects in the same order you gave them to the prepare method.
    model, optimizer, train_dataloader, lr_scheduler = accelerator.prepare(
        model, optimizer, train_dataloader, lr_scheduler
    )

    global_step = 0

    # Now you train the model
    for epoch in range(config.num_epochs):
        progress_bar = tqdm(total=len(train_dataloader), disable=not accelerator.is_local_main_process)
        progress_bar.set_description(f"Epoch {epoch}")

        for step, batch in enumerate(train_dataloader):
            clean_images = batch["images"]
            # Sample noise to add to the images
            noise = torch.randn(clean_images.shape).to(clean_images.device)
            bs = clean_images.shape[0]

            # Sample a random timestep for each image
            timesteps = torch.randint(
                0, noise_scheduler.config.num_train_timesteps, (bs,), device=clean_images.device
            ).long()

            # Add noise to the clean images according to the noise magnitude at each timestep
            # (this is the forward diffusion process)
            noisy_images = noise_scheduler.add_noise(clean_images, noise, timesteps)

            with accelerator.accumulate(model):
                # Predict the noise residual
                noise_pred = model(noisy_images, timesteps, return_dict=False)[0]
                loss = F.mse_loss(noise_pred, noise)
                accelerator.backward(loss)

                accelerator.clip_grad_norm_(model.parameters(), 1.0)
                optimizer.step()
                lr_scheduler.step()
                optimizer.zero_grad()

            progress_bar.update(1)
            logs = {"loss": loss.detach().item(), "lr": lr_scheduler.get_last_lr()[0], "step": global_step}
            progress_bar.set_postfix(**logs)
            accelerator.log(logs, step=global_step)
            global_step += 1

        # After each epoch you optionally sample some demo images with evaluate() and save the model
        if accelerator.is_main_process:
            pipeline = DDPMPipeline(unet=accelerator.unwrap_model(model), scheduler=noise_scheduler)

            if (epoch + 1) % config.save_image_epochs == 0 or epoch == config.num_epochs - 1:
                evaluate(config, epoch, pipeline)

            if (epoch + 1) % config.save_model_epochs == 0 or epoch == config.num_epochs - 1:
                if config.push_to_hub:
                    repo.push_to_hub(commit_message=f"Epoch {epoch}", blocking=True)
                else:
                    pipeline.save_pretrained(config.output_dir)


if __name__ == "__main__":
    args = (config, model, noise_scheduler, optimizer, train_dataloader, lr_scheduler)
    notebook_launcher(train_loop, args, num_processes=1)