Spring--基于AspectJ的AOP开发

本文详细介绍了如何使用AspectJ和Spring AOP进行面向切面编程,包括配置依赖、编写切面类、定义切入点表达式及不同类型的AOP通知。通过具体案例展示了AspectJ的注解和XML方式开发AOP的过程。
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主要内容:


AspectJ简介:


环境准备:

step1:引入依赖

 <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>4.11</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>

<!--    引入Spring的基本开发包-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
      <version>4.2.4.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
      <version>4.2.4.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
      <version>4.2.4.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-expression</artifactId>
      <version>4.2.4.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>

<!--    AOP-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>aopalliance</groupId>
      <artifactId>aopalliance</artifactId>
      <version>1.0</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
      <version>4.2.4.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>

<!--    引入aspectj-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
      <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
      <version>1.8.9</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
      <version>4.2.4.RELEASE </version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
      <version>4.2.4.RELEASE </version>
    </dependency>

  </dependencies>

step2:配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xsi:schemaLocation="
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd"> <!-- bean definitions here -->

<!--    开启AspectJ的注解开发,自动代理-->
    <aop:aspectj-autoproxy/>
</beans>

通知的类型介绍:


切入点表达式的定义:


案例:

类:

package com.imooc.aspectJ.demo1;

public class ProductDao {
    public void save() {
        System.out.println("保存商品...");
    }

    public void findOne() {
        System.out.println("查找单一商品...");
    }

    public void findAll() {
        System.out.println("查找所有商品...");
    }

    public void update() {
        System.out.println("修改商品...");
    }

    public void delete() {
        System.out.println("删除商品...");
    }

}

增强实现类:

package com.imooc.aspectJ.demo1;

import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Before;

/**
 * 切面类
 */
@Aspect
public class MyAspectAnno {

    //对指定类中所有方法增强
    //@Before(value = "execution(* com.imooc.aspectJ.demo1.ProductDao.*(..))")

    //对指定类中指定方法增强
    @Before(value = "execution(* com.imooc.aspectJ.demo1.ProductDao.findOne(..))")
    public void before(){
        System.out.println("前置通知========");
    }

}

配置文件:

<!--    开启AspectJ的注解开发,自动代理-->
    <aop:aspectj-autoproxy/>

<!--    目标类-->
    <bean id="productDao" class="com.imooc.aspectJ.demo1.ProductDao"></bean>
<!--    切面类-->
    <bean class="com.imooc.aspectJ.demo1.MyAspectAnno"></bean>

测试代码:

package com.imooc.aspectJ.demo1;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration("classpath:applicationContext.xml")
public class SpringDemo1 {

    @Resource(name = "productDao")
    private ProductDao productDao;

    @Test
    public void demo1(){
        productDao.save();
        productDao.findOne();
        productDao.findAll();
        productDao.update();
        productDao.delete();

    }
}

输出结果:只对特定类的特定方法进行增强

保存商品...
前置通知========
查找单一商品...
查找所有商品...
修改商品...
删除商品...

@Before前置通知:

    //对指定类中指定方法增强
    @Before(value = "execution(* com.imooc.aspectJ.demo1.ProductDao.findOne(..))")
    public void before(JoinPoint joinPoint){
        System.out.println("前置通知========"+joinPoint);
    }

测试代码:

    @Test
    public void demo1(){
        productDao.save();
        productDao.findOne();
        productDao.findAll();
        productDao.update();
        productDao.delete();

    }

输出结果:会输出切入点的信息

保存商品...
前置通知========execution(void com.imooc.aspectJ.demo1.ProductDao.findOne())
查找单一商品...
查找所有商品...
修改商品...
删除商品...

@AfterReturing 后置通知:

对于有返回值的方法:

    public String update() {
        System.out.println("修改商品...");
        return "hello";
    }

使用后置注解: 

    @AfterReturning(value = "execution(* com.imooc.aspectJ.demo1.ProductDao.update(..))",returning = "result")
    public void afterReturing(Object result){
        System.out.println("后置通知========"+result);
    }

测试代码:

    @Test
    public void demo1(){
        productDao.update();
        productDao.delete();

    }

输出结果:加上了返回值

修改商品...
后置通知========hello
删除商品...

@Around 环绕通知:

    //环绕通知
    @Around(value = "execution(* com.imooc.aspectJ.demo1.ProductDao.delete(..))")
    public Object around (ProceedingJoinPoint joinPoint) throws Throwable {
        System.out.println("环绕前通知========");
        Object obj = joinPoint.proceed();//执行目标方法
        System.out.println("环绕后通知========");
        return obj;
    }

测试代码:

    @Test
    public void demo1(){
        productDao.delete();
    }

输出结果:

环绕前通知========
删除商品...
环绕后通知========

@AfterThrowing 异常抛出通知:

在方法里设置异常: 

    public void findAll() {
        System.out.println("查找所有商品...");
        int i=1/0;
    }

异常抛出通知:

    //异常抛出通知
    @AfterThrowing(value = "execution(* com.imooc.aspectJ.demo1.ProductDao.findAll(..))",throwing = "e")
    public void afterThrowing (Throwable e) {
        System.out.println("异常抛出通知========"+e.getMessage());
    }

测试代码:

    @Test
    public void demo1(){
        productDao.findAll();
    }

输出结果:

查找所有商品...
异常抛出通知========/ by zero

@After 最终通知:

    //最终通知
    @After(value = "execution(* com.imooc.aspectJ.demo1.ProductDao.findOne(..))")
    public void after () {
        System.out.println("最终通知========");
    }

测试代码:

    @Test
    public void demo1(){
        productDao.findOne();
    }

输出结果:

查找单一商品...
最终通知========

@Pointcut 切点命名:

package com.imooc.aspectJ.demo1;

import org.aspectj.lang.JoinPoint;
import org.aspectj.lang.ProceedingJoinPoint;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.*;

/**
 * 切面类
 */
@Aspect
public class MyAspectAnno {

    //对指定类中所有方法增强
    //@Before(value = "execution(* com.imooc.aspectJ.demo1.ProductDao.*(..))")

    //前置通知
    //对指定类中指定方法增强
    @Before(value = "myPointcut1()")
    public void before(JoinPoint joinPoint){
        System.out.println("前置通知========"+joinPoint);
    }

    //后置通知
    @AfterReturning(value = "myPointcut2()",returning = "result")
    public void afterReturing(Object result){
        System.out.println("后置通知========"+result);
    }

    //环绕通知
    @Around(value = "myPointcut3()")
    public Object around (ProceedingJoinPoint joinPoint) throws Throwable {
        System.out.println("环绕前通知========");
        Object obj = joinPoint.proceed();//执行目标方法
        System.out.println("环绕后通知========");
        return obj;
    }

    //异常抛出通知
    @AfterThrowing(value = "myPointcut4()",throwing = "e")
    public void afterThrowing (Throwable e) {
        System.out.println("异常抛出通知========"+e.getMessage());
    }

    //最终通知
    @After(value = "myPointcut5()")
    public void after () {
        System.out.println("最终通知========");
    }


    //切点命名
    @Pointcut(value = "execution(* com.imooc.aspectJ.demo1.ProductDao.save(..))")
    private void myPointcut1(){}

    @Pointcut(value = "execution(* com.imooc.aspectJ.demo1.ProductDao.update(..))")
    private void myPointcut2(){}

    @Pointcut(value = "execution(* com.imooc.aspectJ.demo1.ProductDao.delete(..))")
    private void myPointcut3(){}

    @Pointcut(value = "execution(* com.imooc.aspectJ.demo1.ProductDao.findAll(..))")
    private void myPointcut4(){}

    @Pointcut(value = "execution(* com.imooc.aspectJ.demo1.ProductDao.findOne(..))")
    private void myPointcut5(){}
}

测试代码:

    @Test
    public void demo1(){
        productDao.save();
        productDao.findAll();
        productDao.update();
        productDao.delete();
        productDao.findOne();
    }

输出结果:

前置通知========execution(void com.imooc.aspectJ.demo1.ProductDao.save())
保存商品...
查找所有商品...
修改商品...
后置通知========hello
环绕前通知========
删除商品...
环绕后通知========
查找单一商品...
最终通知========

AspectJ的XML方式开发AOP:

配置前置通知:

package com.imooc.aspectJ.demo2;

public class MyAspectXml {
    //前置通知
    public void before(){
        System.out.println("XML配置方式的前置通知......");
    }
}

配置XML: 

    <!--XML的配置方式完成AOP的开发-->

    <!--    配置目标类-->
    <bean id="customerDao" class="com.imooc.aspectJ.demo2.CustomerDaoImpl"/>
    <!--配置切面类-->
    <bean id="myAspectXml" class="com.imooc.aspectJ.demo2.MyAspectXml"></bean>

<!--    aop的相关配置-->
    <aop:config>
<!--        配置切入点-->
        <aop:pointcut id="pointcut1" expression="execution(* com.imooc.aspectJ.demo2.CustomerDao.save(..))"/>
<!--        配置aop的切面-->
        <aop:aspect ref="myAspectXml">
<!--            配置前置增强-->
            <aop:before method="before" pointcut-ref="pointcut1"></aop:before>

        </aop:aspect>
    </aop:config>

测试代码:

package com.imooc.aspectJ.demo2;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(value="classpath:applicationContext2.xml")
public class SpringDemo2 {

    @Resource(name="customerDao")
    private CustomerDao customerDao;

    @Test
    public void demo1(){
        customerDao.save();
        customerDao.update();
        customerDao.delete();
        customerDao.findOne();
        customerDao.findAll();
    }
}

输出结果:

XML配置方式的前置通知......
保存客户...
修改客户...
删除客户...
查询单个客户...

各种通知类型的配置:

package com.imooc.aspectJ.demo2;

import org.aspectj.lang.JoinPoint;
import org.aspectj.lang.ProceedingJoinPoint;

public class MyAspectXml {
    //前置通知
    public void before(JoinPoint joinPoint){
        System.out.println("XML配置方式的前置通知......"+joinPoint);
    }

    //后置通知
    public void afterReturing(Object result){
        System.out.println("XML配置方式的后置通知......"+result);
    }

    //环绕通知
    public Object around(ProceedingJoinPoint joinPoint) throws Throwable {
        System.out.println("XML配置方式的环绕前通知......");
        Object obj = joinPoint.proceed();
        System.out.println("XML配置方式的环绕后通知......");
        return obj;
    }

    //异常抛出通知
    public void afterThrowing(Throwable e){
        System.out.println("XML配置方式的异常抛出通知......"+e.getMessage());
    }

    //最终通知
    public void after(){
        System.out.println("XML配置方式的最终通知......");
    }

}

配置XML:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xsi:schemaLocation="
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd"> <!-- bean definitions here -->

    <!--XML的配置方式完成AOP的开发-->

    <!--    配置目标类-->
    <bean id="customerDao" class="com.imooc.aspectJ.demo2.CustomerDaoImpl"/>
    <!--配置切面类-->
    <bean id="myAspectXml" class="com.imooc.aspectJ.demo2.MyAspectXml"></bean>

    <!--    aop的相关配置-->
    <aop:config>
        <!--        配置切入点-->
        <aop:pointcut id="pointcut1" expression="execution(* com.imooc.aspectJ.demo2.CustomerDao.save(..))"/>
        <aop:pointcut id="pointcut2" expression="execution(* com.imooc.aspectJ.demo2.CustomerDao.update(..))"/>
        <aop:pointcut id="pointcut3" expression="execution(* com.imooc.aspectJ.demo2.CustomerDao.delete(..))"/>
        <aop:pointcut id="pointcut4" expression="execution(* com.imooc.aspectJ.demo2.CustomerDao.findOne(..))"/>
        <aop:pointcut id="pointcut5" expression="execution(* com.imooc.aspectJ.demo2.CustomerDao.findAll(..))"/>
        <!--        配置aop的切面-->
        <aop:aspect ref="myAspectXml">
            <!--            配置前置增强-->
            <aop:before method="before" pointcut-ref="pointcut1"></aop:before>
            <!--            配置后置增强-->
            <aop:after-returning method="afterReturing" pointcut-ref="pointcut2"
                                 returning="result"></aop:after-returning>
            <!--            配置环绕通知-->
            <aop:around method="around" pointcut-ref="pointcut3"></aop:around>
            <!--            配置异常抛出通知-->
            <aop:after-throwing method="afterThrowing" pointcut-ref="pointcut4" throwing="e"/>
            <!--            配置最终通知-->
            <aop:after method="after" pointcut-ref="pointcut5"></aop:after>
        </aop:aspect>
    </aop:config>
</beans>

输出结果:

XML配置方式的前置通知......execution(void com.imooc.aspectJ.demo2.CustomerDao.save())
保存客户...
修改客户...
XML配置方式的后置通知......hello
XML配置方式的环绕前通知......
删除客户...
XML配置方式的环绕后通知......
XML配置方式的异常抛出通知....../ by zero

 

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