模型数据解析
jsp四大作用域的内置对象:pageContext,request,session,application
模型数据的绑定是由ViewResolver来完成的,实际开发中我们需要先添加模型数据,再交给viewResolver来绑定!(说白了就是将数据填充到域对象中,然后转发/重定向到页面展示数据)
springMVC提供了一下几种方式添加模型数据
- request域
- Map/Model/原生的HttpServletReqeust/ModelAndView
- @ModelAttribute
- session域
- 原生HttpSession/@SessionAttribute
- application域
- 原生application
一:将模型数据绑定到request对象!
1.1:Map和Model
//这时不要采用@RestController,因为它是直接响应给客户端,不会经过试图解析器的处理
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/data")
public class ModelData {
@RequestMapping("/mode1")
public String mode1(Map<String, User> map){ //这里的参数map,不是用来接收请求参数的!
User user = new User();
user.setId("1");
user.setName("wzj");
map.put("user",user); //会自动存放到request域中
return "view";
}
@RequestMapping("/mode2")
public String mode2(Model model){
User user = new User();
user.setId("1");
user.setName("wzj");
model.addAttribute("user",user);
return "view";
}
}
1.2:ModelAndView
package com.baidu.controller;
import com.baidu.entity.User;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.View;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceView;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
//这时不要采用@RestController,因为它是直接响应给客户端,不会经过试图解析器的处理
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/data")
public class ModelData {
/*ModelAndView的花样比较多!*/
@RequestMapping("/modelAndView")
public ModelAndView modelAndView(){
User user = new User();
user.setId("1");
user.setName("wzj");
ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView();
modelAndView.addObject("user",user);
modelAndView.setViewName("view");
return modelAndView;
}
@RequestMapping("/modelAndView3")
public ModelAndView modelAndView3(){
User user = new User();
user.setId("1");
user.setName("wzj");
ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView("view");
modelAndView.addObject("user",user);
return modelAndView;
}
@RequestMapping("/modelAndView5")
public ModelAndView modelAndView5(){
User user = new User();
user.setId("1");
user.setName("wzj");
Map<String,User> map = new HashMap<>();
map.put("user",user);
ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView("view",map);
return modelAndView;
}
@RequestMapping("/modelAndView7")
public ModelAndView modelAndView7(){
User user = new User();
user.setId("1");
user.setName("wzj");
ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView("view","user",user);
return modelAndView;
}
}
注:注以上所有"view"名的地方,都可以换成View接口!,以mode3方法为例子
@RequestMapping("/mode3")
public ModelAndView mode3(){
User user = new User();
user.setId("1");
user.setName("wzj");
ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView();
modelAndView.addObject("user",user);
View view = new InternalResourceView("/view.jsp");//必须写物理视图
modelAndView.setView(view);
return modelAndView;
}
值得注意的是,此时视图,必须写物理视图了
1.3:HttpServletRequest
@RequestMapping("/mode7")
public String mode7(HttpServletRequest request){
User user = new User();
user.setId("1");
user.setName("wzj");
request.setAttribute("user",user);
return "view";
}
注意导入servlet的pom依赖
<!--servlet依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>2.4</version>
</dependency>
1.4:@ModelAttribute
定义一个方法,该方法专门用来返回要填充到模型数据中的对象
@ModelAttribute
public User model(){
User user = new User();
user.setId("1");
user.setName("wzj");
return user;
}
@RequestMapping("mode8")
public String mode8(){
//一个控制器类中,如果有@ModelAttribute注解,他会在该类的每个方法调用之前去执行!
return "view";
}
如果想返回值为void, 但是又想达到上面mode1()的效果,可以使用下面两种方式
@ModelAttribute
public void model2(Map<String,User> map){
User user = new User();
user.setId("1");
user.setName("wzj");
map.put("user",user);
}
@ModelAttribute
public void model3(Model model){
User user = new User();
user.setId("1");
user.setName("wzj");
model.addAttribute("user",user);
}
二:将模型数据绑定到Session对象
2.1:使用原生的HttpSession
@RequestMapping("/session")
public String session(HttpServletRequest request){
HttpSession session = request.getSession();
User user = new User();
user.setId(1L);
user.setName("张三");
session.setAttribute("user",user);
return "view";
}
@RequestMapping("/session2")
public String session2(HttpSession session){
User user = new User();
user.setId(1L);
user.setName("张三");
session.setAttribute("user",user);
return "view";
}
2.2:使用@SessionAttribute
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/data")
@SessionAttributes(value = {"user","address"})
@SessionAttributes(types = {User.class,Address.class})
public class ModelData {
}
对于该类中所有方法,只要对request中添加了key=“user”,或者key="address"的对象时,springmvc就会自动将该数据还会添加到Session域,保存key不变
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/data")
@SessionAttributes(types = {User.class,Address.class})
public class ModelData {
}
对于该类中所有方法,只要对request中添加的数据类型是User,Address的对象时,springmvc就会自动将该数据还会添加到Session域,保存key不变
三:将数据模型绑定到application对象
@RequestMapping("/application")
public String application(HttpServletRequest request){
ServletContext servletContext = request.getSession().getServletContext();
User user = new User();
user.setId("1");
user.setName("wzj");
servletContext.setAttribute("user",user);
return "view";
}
四:视图
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<%@page isELIgnored="false" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<%--需要加一个isELIgnored指令,不然会当作字符串给输出--%>
request域:${requestScope.user}<hr/>
session域: ${sessionScope.user}<hr/>
application域: ${applicationScope.user}<hr/>
</body>
</html>
注:需要加一个isELIgnored指令,不然会当作字符串给输出