Spring导入Bean和Resource的几种方式

1.导入Bean的方式

1.1类上加@Service、@Component等注解

1.2@Import注解导入

@SpringBootApplication
@Import(DemoUtil.class)
public class DemoApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(DemoApplication.class, args);
    }
}

1.3@ImportResource注解导入

@SpringBootApplication
@ImportResource("classpath:applicationContext.xml")
public class DemoApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(DemoApplication.class, args);
    }
}

classpath:applicationContext.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
    <bean id="demoUtil" class="com.example.demo.utils.DemoUtil">
    </bean>
</beans>

1.4使用@Configuration、@Bean注解

@Configuration
public class DemoConfig {
    @Bean
    public DemoUtil demoUtil() {
        return new DemoUtil();
    }
}

1.5使用@Autowired注解注入即可使用

@Autowired
private DemoUtil demoUtil;

2.导入Resource的方式

2.1配置文件application.yml中的配置，使用@Value获取

@Service
public class DemoServiceImpl implements DemoService {

    @Value("${spring.profiles.active}")
    private String active;
    
    @Override
    public String test() {
        return active;
    }
}

2.2配置文件application.yml中的配置，使用@ConfigurationProperties映射到配置类，适用于系列配置且配置较多的情况

@Configuration
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.profiles")
public class DemoConfig {
    private String active;

    public String getActive() {
        return active;
    }
    public void setActive(String active) {
        this.active = active;
    }
}

@Service
public class DemoServiceImpl implements DemoService {

    @Autowired
    private DemoConfig demoConfig;

    @Override
    public String test() {
        return demoConfig.getActive();
    }
}

2.3使用@PropertySource导入其它配置文件，则可以使用以上两种方式获取值

@SpringBootApplication
@PropertySource(value = {"classpath:demo.properties"})
public class DemoApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(DemoApplication.class, args);
    }
}