java操作excel

一.导包

<dependency>
  <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
  <artifactId>poi</artifactId>
  <version>4.1.0</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
  <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
  <artifactId>poi-ooxml</artifactId>
  <version>4.1.0</version>
</dependency>

二.读取excel

1.遍历行列

package com.miracle;

import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFCell;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFRow;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFSheet;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;

public class ExcelTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {

        File xlsFile = new File("/home/miracle/Desktop/workspace_java/testmaven/src/test/java/com/miracle/his.xlsx");
        /**
         * 这里根据不同的excel类型
         * 可以选取不同的处理类：
     *          1.XSSFWorkbook
     *          2.HSSFWorkbook
         */
        // 获得工作簿
        XSSFWorkbook workbook = new XSSFWorkbook(new FileInputStream(xlsFile));

        // 获得工作表
        XSSFSheet sheet = workbook.getSheetAt(0);

        int rows = sheet.getPhysicalNumberOfRows();

        for (int i = 0; i < rows; i++) {
            // 获取第i行数据
            XSSFRow sheetRow = sheet.getRow(i);
            // 获取第0格数据
            XSSFCell cell = sheetRow.getCell(0);
            // 调用toString方法获取内容
            System.out.println(cell);
        }
    }
}

2.文本提取

• 将excel整个内容抽取成文本输出

package com.miracle.poi;

import org.apache.poi.hssf.extractor.ExcelExtractor;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;

public class Demo3 {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        FileInputStream inputStream = new FileInputStream("/home/miracle/Downloads/a.xls");
        HSSFWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook(inputStream);
        ExcelExtractor excelExtractor = new ExcelExtractor(workbook);
        System.out.println(excelExtractor.getText());
    }
}

三.写入excel

package com.miracle.poi;

import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.*;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.*;
import org.apache.poi.ss.util.CellRangeAddress;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Date;

public class Demo2 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        // 创建一个新的工作簿
        HSSFWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook();
        // 创建一个sheet页
        HSSFSheet sheet1 = workbook.createSheet("sheet1");
        // 创建一行
        HSSFRow row = sheet1.createRow(0);
        // 设置行高
        row.setHeightInPoints(30);
        // 创建并设置样式
        HSSFCreationHelper creationHelper = workbook.getCreationHelper();
        // 创建字体
        HSSFFont font = workbook.createFont();
        font.setFontHeightInPoints((short)24);
        font.setFontName("courier New");// 字体名称
        font.setItalic(true);// 倾斜
        font.setStrikeout(true);
        // 创建样式
        HSSFCellStyle cellStyle = workbook.createCellStyle();
        // 设置字体
        cellStyle.setFont(font);
        // 设置日期格式化样式
        cellStyle.setDataFormat(creationHelper.createDataFormat().getFormat("yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss"));
        // 设置水平居中
        cellStyle.setAlignment(HorizontalAlignment.CENTER);
        // 设置垂直居中
        cellStyle.setVerticalAlignment(VerticalAlignment.CENTER);
        // 设置配景色及颜色的填充方式(如果不设置填充方式，背景色填充不上)
        cellStyle.setFillForegroundColor(IndexedColors.BLUE.index);
        cellStyle.setFillPattern(FillPatternType.ALT_BARS);
        // 创建一个单元格
        HSSFCell cell = row.createCell(0);
        // 设置单元格内容类型
        cell.setCellType(CellType.STRING);
        // 给单元格设置值
        cell.setCellValue(new Date());
        // 给单元格设置样式
        cell.setCellStyle(cellStyle);
        // 设置合并单元格，参数：起始行，结束行，起始列，结束列
        sheet1.addMergedRegion(new CellRangeAddress(0, 0, 0, 3));

        HSSFRow row2 = sheet1.createRow(1);
        HSSFCell cell2 = row2.createCell(0);
        cell2.setCellType(CellType.STRING);
        // 通过换行符，设置强制换行
        // 设置自动换行
        // HSSFCellStyle cellStyle=workbook.createCellStyle();
        // cellStyle.setWrapText(true);
        cell2.setCellValue("我要\n换行");
        // 创建输出流
        FileOutputStream fileOutputStream = new FileOutputStream("/home/miracle/Downloads/a.xls");
        // 将workbook写入流中
        workbook.write(fileOutputStream);
        // 关流
        fileOutputStream.close();
    }
}