关系映射级别注解:
1.一对一单向外键
2.一对一双向外键关联
3.一对一单向外键联合主键
4.多对一单向外键关联
5.一对多单向外键关联
6.一对多双向外键关联
7.多对多单向外键关联
8.多对多双向外键关联
实体之间的映射关系:
一对一:一个公民对应一个身份证号码。
一对多(多对一):一个公民有多个银行账号。
多对多:一个学生有多个老师,一个老师有多个学生。
6.Hibernate关联映射注解之一对多双向外键关联
//多方:多方持有一方的引用
@ManyToOne(cascade={CascadeType.ALL}, fetch=FetchType.EAGER)
@JoinColumn(name="cid")
//一方:一方持有多方的集合
@OneToMany(cascade={CascadeType.ALL}, fetch=FetchType.LAZY)
@JoinColumn(name="cid")
1.配置文件
hibernate.cfg.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
<session-factory>
<property name="connection.username">root</property> <!-- 用户名 -->
<property name="connection.password">123456</property> <!-- 密码 -->
<property name="connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property> <!-- 驱动类名 -->
<property name="connection.url">jdbc:mysql:///hibernate?userUnicode=true&charaterEncoding=UTF-8</property><!-- 数据库url -->
<property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property> <!-- 方言 -->
<property name="show_sql">true</property> <!-- 在控制台显示SQL语句 -->
<property name="format_sql">true</property> <!-- 格式化SQL语句 -->
<property name="hibernate.default_schema">hibernate</property> <!-- 默认的数据库 -->
<property name="hbm2ddl.auto">update</property> <!-- 删除原表创建新表 -->
<property name="current_session_context_class">thread</property> <!-- 本地事务 -->
<!-- 注册Students,Classroom类 -->
<mapping class="otm_bfk.Students"/>
<mapping class="otm_bfk.Classroom"/>
</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>
2.实体类
Students.java:
package otm_bfk;
import java.util.Date;
import javax.persistence.CascadeType;
import javax.persistence.Entity; //JPA注解
import javax.persistence.FetchType;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.JoinColumn;
import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;
//学生类
@Entity
public class Students{
private int sid; // 学号
private String sname; // 姓名
private String gender; // 性别
private Date birthday; // 出生日期
private Classroom room; //多方持有一方的引用
public Students() {
};
public Students(String sname, String gender, Date birthday, Classroom room) {
this.sname = sname;
this.gender = gender;
this.birthday = birthday;
this.room = room;
}
@Id
@GeneratedValue
public int getSid() {
return sid;
}
public void setSid(int sid) {
this.sid = sid;
}
public String getSname() {
return sname;
}
public void setSname(String sname) {
this.sname = sname;
}
public String getGender() {
return gender;
}
public void setGender(String gender) {
this.gender = gender;
}
public Date getBirthday() {
return birthday;
}
public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {
this.birthday = birthday;
}
@ManyToOne(cascade={CascadeType.ALL}, fetch=FetchType.EAGER)
@JoinColumn(name="cid")
public Classroom getRoom() {
return room;
}
public void setRoom(Classroom room) {
this.room = room;
}
}
Classroom.java:
package otm_bfk;
import java.util.Set;
import javax.persistence.CascadeType;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.FetchType;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.JoinColumn;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
import org.hibernate.annotations.GenericGenerator;
//班级类
@Entity
public class Classroom {
@Id
@GeneratedValue(generator="cid")
@GenericGenerator(name="cid", strategy="assigned") //手动配置主键
@Column(length=10) //在数据库中字段长度为10
private String cid; //班级编号
private String cname; //班级名称
@OneToMany(cascade={CascadeType.ALL}, fetch=FetchType.LAZY)
@JoinColumn(name="cid")
private Set<Students> stu; //一方持有多方的集合
public Classroom() {
}
public Classroom(String cid, String cname) {
this.cid = cid;
this.cname = cname;
}
public String getCid() {
return cid;
}
public void setCid(String cid) {
this.cid = cid;
}
public String getCname() {
return cname;
}
public void setCname(String cname) {
this.cname = cname;
}
public Set<Students> getStu() {
return stu;
}
public void setStu(Set<Students> stu) {
this.stu = stu;
}
}
3.测试类
package otm_fk;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
import org.hibernate.service.ServiceRegistry;
import org.hibernate.service.ServiceRegistryBuilder;
import org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.SchemaExport;
import org.junit.Test;
public class ObjectTest {
private SessionFactory sessionFactory;
private Session session;
private Transaction transaction;
@Test
public void testSaveStudentWithImage() throws Exception{
//创建配置对象
Configuration config = new Configuration().configure(); //hibernate.cfg.xml
//创建服务注册对象
ServiceRegistry serviceRegistry = new ServiceRegistryBuilder().applySettings(config.getProperties()).buildServiceRegistry();
//创建会话工产对象
sessionFactory = config.buildSessionFactory(serviceRegistry);
//会话对象
//session = sessionFactory.openSession();
//开启事务
//transaction = session.beginTransaction();
SchemaExport export = new SchemaExport(config);
export.create(true, true);
}
@Test
public void testSaveStudent() throws Exception{
//创建配置对象
Configuration config = new Configuration().configure(); //hibernate.cfg.xml
//创建服务注册对象
ServiceRegistry serviceRegistry = new ServiceRegistryBuilder().applySettings(config.getProperties()).buildServiceRegistry();
//创建会话工产对象
sessionFactory = config.buildSessionFactory(serviceRegistry);
//会话对象
session = sessionFactory.getCurrentSession();
//开启事务
transaction = session.beginTransaction();
//创建两个班级对象
Classroom room1 = new Classroom("C001", "软件工程");
Classroom room2 = new Classroom("C002", "电子工程");
//创建四个学生对象
Students stu1 = new Students("张三", "男", new Date());
Students stu2 = new Students("王五", "男", new Date());
Students stu3 = new Students("王颖", "女", new Date());
Students stu4 = new Students("够呛", "女", new Date());
//创建两个集合对象
Set<Students> set1 = new HashSet<Students>();
set1.add(stu1);
set1.add(stu2);
Set<Students> set2 = new HashSet<Students>();
set2.add(stu3);
set2.add(stu4);
room1.setStu(set1);
room2.setStu(set2);
//由于是双向外键关联不分先后保存
session.save(stu1);
session.save(stu2);
session.save(stu3);
session.save(stu4);
//由于是双向外键关联不分先后保存
session.save(room1);
session.save(room2);
//提交事务
transaction.commit();
}
}