coco数据集解析（person_keypoints）

简介

person_keypoints_train2017.json和person_keypoints_val2017.json文件均分为五大部分，这五部分对应的关键字分别为info、licenses、images、annotations、categories。

{ 
    "info" : info,  
    "licenses" : [license1, license2, license3, ...],  
    "images" : [image1, image2, image3, ...],  
    "annotations" : [annataton1, annataton2, annataton3, ...],  
    "categories" : [category1, category2, category3, ...]
}

images部分包含了图像信息，以列表形式存储，每张图像信息的存储形式是一样的：

  images
  {
    "license": int 类型，表示该图像的liecens证书属于licenses部分中的哪一个证书，对应licenses部分中证书的id号           
    "file_name": string 类型，图片的文件名，比如000000000001.jpg
    "coco_url": string 类型，coco图片链接url
    "height": int 类型，图片的高
    "width": int 类型，图片的宽
    "date_captured": string 类型，图片的获取日期
    "flickr_url": string 类型，flickr图片链接url
    "id": int 类型，图片id，和annotations中的image_id相对应
  }

annotations部分主要包含bbox和keypoints标注信息。keypoints是一个长度为3 ∗k的数组，其中k是category中keypoints的总数量。每一个keypoint是一个长度为3的数组，第一和第二个元素分别是x和y坐标值，第三个元素是个标志位v，v为0时表示这个关键点没有标注（这种情况下 x = y = v = 0），v为 1 时表示这个关键点标注了但是不可见（被遮挡了），v为2时表示这个关键点标注了的同时也可见。

{
	"segmentation": [[125.12,539.69,140.94,522.43,100.67,496.54,84.85,469.21,73.35,450.52,104.99,342.65,168.27,290.88,179.78,288,189.84,286.56,191.28,260.67,202.79,240.54,221.48,237.66,248.81,243.42,257.44,256.36,253.12,262.11,253.12,275.06,299.15,233.35,329.35,207.46,355.24,206.02,363.87,206.02,365.3,210.34,373.93,221.84,363.87,226.16,363.87,237.66,350.92,237.66,332.22,234.79,314.97,249.17,271.82,313.89,253.12,326.83,227.24,352.72,214.29,357.03,212.85,372.85,208.54,395.87,228.67,414.56,245.93,421.75,266.07,424.63,276.13,437.57,266.07,450.52,284.76,464.9,286.2,479.28,291.96,489.35,310.65,512.36,284.76,549.75,244.49,522.43,215.73,546.88,199.91,558.38,204.22,565.57,189.84,568.45,184.09,575.64,172.58,578.52,145.26,567.01,117.93,551.19,133.75,532.49]],
	"num_keypoints": 10,  # 标注的关键点数量
	"area": 47803.27955,
	"iscrowd": 0, # 决定是RLE格式还是polygon格式
	"keypoints": [0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,142,309,1,177,320,2,191,398,2,237,317,2,233,426,2,306,233,2,92,452,2,123,468,2,0,0,0,251,469,2,0,0,0,162,551,2], # 人体关键点尾缀信息
	"image_id": 425226, # 等同于前面image字段里面的id。
"bbox": [73.35,206.02,300.58,372.5],  # 标注框，x,y为标注框的左上角坐标
"category_id": 1,
	"id": 183126
},

categories部分：keypoints 是一个长度为k的数组，包含了每个关键点的名字；skeleton 定义了各个关键点之间的连接性（比如人的左手腕和左肘就是连接的，但是左手腕和右手腕就不是）。目前，COCO的keypoints只标注了person category（分类为人）。

信息提取

以person_keypoints_val2017.json的提取为例：

初始目录如下：

annotations/person_keypoints_val2017.json是5000张图片的标注信息

images下是5000张图片

import json
import os
json_path = "annotations/person_keypoints_val2017.json"
json_labels = json.load(open(json_path, "r"))
annotations = json_labels['annotations'] # list
images = json_labels['images'] # list
categories = json_labels['categories'] # list

存储图片名和图片id之间的映射关系：

idtoimage = {}
for image in images:
    file_name = image['file_name']
    image_id = image['id'] 
    height = image['height'] 
    width = image['width'] 
    idtoimage[image_id] = [file_name,height,width]

存储类别名和类别id之间的映射关系。person此处对应1，需要用CLASSES转换一下

idtoclss = {}
for category in categories:
    id = category['id']
    name = category['name'] # 类别名
    idtoclss[id] = name
CLASSES = ['person']

解析人体关键点并归一化：

2d：<class-index> <x> <y> <width> <height> <px1> <py1> <px2> <py2> ... <pxn> <pyn>

3d：<class-index> <x> <y> <width> <height> <px1> <py1> <p1-visibility> <px2> <py2> <p2-visibility> <pxn> <pyn> <p2-visibility>

Dim = 2
for annotation in annotations:
    try:
        count = annotation['num_keypoints'] # 关键点标注数量
        if count > 0:
            image_id = annotation['image_id']  
            category_id = annotation['category_id']  # 类别编号
            bbox = annotation['bbox'] # 左上角x,y,w,h
            # segmentation = annotation['segmentation'][0]  # 分割点
            keypoints = annotation['keypoints']  # 人体关键点
                    
            classname = idtoclss[category_id] # 类别名
            category_id = CLASSES.index(classname) # 转下编号
            
            file = idtoimage[image_id]
            filename,h,w = file[0],file[1],file[2]
            
            # bbox归一化
            cx = (bbox[0] + bbox[2]/2) / w
            cy = (bbox[1] + bbox[3]/2) / h
            box_w, box_h = bbox[2]/w, bbox[3]/h
            line = [str(i) for i in [category_id, cx, cy, box_w, box_h]]
            line = ' '.join(line)
        
            # keypoints归一化
            x = [i/w for i in keypoints[0::3]] # x坐标归一化
            y = [i/h for i in keypoints[1::3]] # y坐标归一化
            v = [i for i in keypoints[2::3]] # v=0没标注，v=1被遮挡,v=2可见
            xy = ''
            if Dim == 2:
                for i in range(len(x)):
                    xy += str(x[i]) + ' ' + str(y[i]) + ' '
            if Dim == 3:
                for i in range(len(x)):
                    xy += str(x[i]) + ' ' + str(y[i]) + ' ' + str(v[i]) + ' '
            line = line + ' ' + xy + '\n'
            outfile = filename.split('.')[0]+'.txt'
            outfile = os.path.join('labels_person_keypoints',outfile)
            with open(outfile,'a') as f:
                f.write(line)
    except:
        continue