关于andrion(安卓) 蓝牙(经典蓝牙)客户端连接

最新推荐文章于 2024-07-15 02:43:03 发布

无聊人士张

最新推荐文章于 2024-07-15 02:43:03 发布

阅读量938

点赞数

分类专栏： android 文章标签： android java android studio

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_39164154/article/details/127793309

版权

android 专栏收录该内容

2 篇文章 0 订阅

订阅专栏

前言

这两天在开发一个android版的手机蓝牙通信的的APP,对android的蓝牙机进行了一个简单的研究

android上的蓝牙分为两种经典蓝牙(BR/EDR)和低功耗蓝牙(BLE)

因为我开发的是经典蓝牙开发的这里就简单讲下如何开发

开发前建议大家先去看下谷歌官方的蓝牙说明

https://developer.android.google.cn/guide/topics/connectivity/bluetooth

经典蓝牙

第一步申请权限

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADVERTISE" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_CONNECT" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_SCAN" /> <!-- 仅在支持BLE(即蓝牙4.0)的设备上运行 -->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION" /> <!-- 如果Android 6.0蓝牙搜索不到设备，需要补充下面两个权限 -->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH" /> <!-- 网络权限 -->

大概要申请这么多权限

这里发起前要注意下,android 9以后,关键性权限需要用户第二次确认才能调用,所以这个发起搜索肯定是写在权限回调里面的

//申请用户权限
ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(MainActivity.this, mPermissionListnew, mOpenCode);

第二歩发起搜索

获取当前蓝牙管理器

 mBluetooth = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();

判断当前蓝牙是否启动

  //蓝牙服务未启动
    if (!mBluetooth.isEnabled()) {
        boolean enable = mBluetooth.enable();
        if (!enable) {
            SystemExit(getString(R.string.initBluetooth));
            return;
        }
    }

下面是完整代码

// 权限回调
@Override
@SuppressLint("MissingPermission")
public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions,
                                       @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
    super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
	//判断权限是否同意 这里要注意下,每个安卓版本的权限是不一样的
    for (Integer permission : grantResults) {
        if (permission != 0) {
            SystemExit(getString(R.string.run));
            return;
        }
    }
    //从系统服务中获取蓝牙管理器
	//这里虽然写了很多,但是BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter() 这个就可以的
    if (mBluetooth == null) {
        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.M) {
            //从系统服务中获取蓝牙管理器
            BluetoothManager bm = getSystemService(BluetoothManager.class);
            mBluetooth = bm.getAdapter();
        } else {
            //获取系统默认的蓝牙适配器
            mBluetooth = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();
        }
        if (mBluetooth == null) {
            SystemExit("没有蓝牙功能");
            return;
        }
    }
    //蓝牙服务未启动
    if (!mBluetooth.isEnabled()) {
        boolean enable = mBluetooth.enable();
        if (!enable) {
            SystemExit(getString(R.string.initBluetooth));
            return;
        }
    }
    if (requestCode == mOpenCode) {
        //初始化蓝牙
        initBluetooth();
   }
}

上面写了那么多其实本质上还是在申请权限那一批里面

下面开始进行蓝牙扫描

也就是上面initBluetooth()方法

开启蓝牙扫描

开启蓝牙扫很简单调用下startDiscovery()方法就行

@SuppressLint("MissingPermission")
private void beginDiscovery() {
    if (mBluetooth != null && !mBluetooth.isDiscovering()) {
        mBluetooth.startDiscovery();//开始扫描周围的蓝牙设备
    }
}

获取蓝牙扫描的返回数据

获取蓝牙扫描数据,就要先注册广播,通过广播回调进行获取数据

//需要过滤多个动作，则调用IntentFilter对象的addAction添加新动作
IntentFilter discoveryFilter = new IntentFilter();
//获取新的数据
discoveryFilter.addAction(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND);
//连接上了
discoveryFilter.addAction(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_ACL_CONNECTED);
//状态改变
discoveryFilter.addAction(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_BOND_STATE_CHANGED);
//蓝牙连接状态更改
discoveryFilter.addAction(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_ACL_DISCONNECTED);
//蓝牙即将断开
discoveryFilter.addAction(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_ACL_DISCONNECT_REQUESTED);
//注册蓝牙设备搜索的广播接收器 discoveryReceiver()这个是回调函数
registerReceiver(discoveryReceiver, discoveryFilter);

回调方法


   @SuppressLint("MissingPermission")
   public final BroadcastReceiver discoveryReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {

        @RequiresApi(api = Build.VERSION_CODES.R)
        @SuppressLint("NotifyDataSetChanged")
        @Override
        public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
            String action = intent.getAction();
            BluetoothDevice device = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);
            int bondState = device.getBondState();
            Fruit fruit = new Fruit();
            fruit.setAddress(device.getAddress());

            //发现新的蓝牙设备
            fruit.setName(device.getName());
            if (fruit.getName() == null || fruit.getName().length() == 0) {
                fruit.setName("N/A");
            }
            fruit.setState(bondState);
            fruit.setBluetoothType(device.getType());
            short rssi = intent.getExtras().getShort(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_RSSI);
            fruit.setRssi(rssi + "");
            fruit.setBluetoothDevice(device);
            onActivityDataChangedListener.addFruitData(fruit);

            switch (action) {
                case BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND:
                    break;
                //蓝牙状态修改
                //断开蓝牙连接
                case BluetoothDevice.ACTION_ACL_DISCONNECTED:
                case BluetoothDevice.ACTION_ACL_DISCONNECT_REQUESTED:
                    BluetoothServiceConnect remove = StaticObject.bluetoothSocketMap.remove(device.getAddress());
                    if (remove != null) {
                        ToastUtil.toastWord(MainActivity.this, MainActivity.this.getString(ConnectTheInterrupt));
                        remove.close();
                        Msg m = new Msg(device.getAddress());
                        m.setStateType(1);
                        try {
                            StaticObject.mTaskQueue.put(m);
                        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                            e.printStackTrace();
                        }
                    }
                    //蓝牙状态修改
                case BluetoothDevice.ACTION_ACL_CONNECTED:
                case BluetoothDevice.ACTION_BOND_STATE_CHANGED:
/*                    fruit.setState(bondState);
                    short rssi = intent.getExtras().getShort(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_RSSI);
                    fruit.setRssi(rssi + "");
                    onActivityDataChangedListener.addFruitData(fruit);*/
                    //adapter.notifyDataSetChanged();
                    break;
            }
        }
    };

另外说下通过**getBondedDevices()**这个方法可以获取已经配对了蓝牙信息

Set<BluetoothDevice> bondedDevices = mBluetooth.getBondedDevices();

if (bondedDevices != null && bondedDevices.size() != 0) {
    for (BluetoothDevice device : bondedDevices) {
        Fruit fruit = new Fruit();
        fruit.setAddress(device.getAddress());
        fruit.setName(device.getName());
        fruit.setState(device.getBondState());
        fruit.setBluetoothType(device.getType());
        fruit.setBluetoothDevice(device);
        onActivityDataChangedListener.addFruitData(fruit);
    }
}

连接蓝牙

上面已经获取了蓝牙驱动,接下来就是连接蓝牙了,这一步比较简单

通过方法回调获取BluetoothDevice 对象,调用createInsecureRfcommSocketToServiceRecord()这个方法,传入uuid来获取socker连接

uuid说明https://note.youdao.com/s/QLLkD2ZA

    static final String SPP_UUID = "00001101-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB";

BluetoothSocket insecureRfcommSocketToServiceRecord= bluetoothDevice.createInsecureRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(UUID.fromString(SPP_UUID));
insecureRfcommSocketToServiceRecord.connect();
//然后这里就获取到输入流和输出流,接下来就可以进行交互了
insecureRfcommSocketToServiceRecord.getOutputStream()
insecureRfcommSocketToServiceRecord.getInputStream()