SpringMVC-注解驱动使用教程

SpringMVC-注解驱动

web.xml配置中

• 配置了DispatcherServlet拦截所有路径请求
• 指定了所有请求的编码格式为UTF-8

注意点：

• /* 代表所有url 路径和.jsp等请求
• / 代表路径类型请求

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
         version="3.1">

    <!--乱码处理过滤器，与Servlet中使用的完全相同，差异之处在于处理器的类由Spring提供-->
    <filter>
         <!--字符编码过滤器起别名-->
        <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
         <!--使用Spring的字符编码过滤器-->
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
        <!--指定初始化UTF-8编码-->
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>

    <!--字符编码过滤器映射关系-->
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>

 <!--设置前端控制器 拦截所有请求 由SpringMVC统一调度-->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath*:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

</web-app>

SpringMVCapplication.xml中：

• 配置了放行指定类型静态资源

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"

       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop https://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">
    <!--扫描加载所有的控制类类-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.xxxx"/>

    <!--静态资源加载控制-->
    <mvc:resources mapping="/img/**" location="/img/"/>
   <!-- <mvc:resources mapping="/js/**" location="/js/"/>-->

    <!--SpringMVC提供的通用资源放行格式-->
    <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>


</beans>

全部用注解代替

核心接口：

• AbstractDispatcherServletInitializer：
  拦截所有路径请求，创建web应用上下文环境，中文乱码处理

• WebMvcConfigurer：设置静态资源加载规则

@Configuration
//组件扫描过滤器  只加载@Controller注解的bean
@ComponentScan(value = "com.xxxxx",
               includeFilters = @ComponentScan.Filter(type = FilterType.ANNOTATION,classes = Controller.class)
)
public class SpringMVCConfiguration implements WebMvcConfigurer {
    //重写默认的静态资源加载方式 设定静态资源加载规则
    /*
    * 替代了      <!--静态资源加载控制-->
    <mvc:resources mapping="/img/**" location="/img/"/>
   <!-- <mvc:resources mapping="/js/**" location="/js/"/>-->

    <!--SpringMVC提供的通用资源放行格式-->
    <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
    * */
    
    //注解配置放行指定资源格式
//    @Override
//    public void addResourceHandlers(ResourceHandlerRegistry registry) {
//        registry.addResourceHandler("/img/**").addResourceLocations("/img/");
//        registry.addResourceHandler("/js/**").addResourceLocations("/js/");
//        registry.addResourceHandler("/css/**").addResourceLocations("/css/");
//    }

    @Override
    public void configureDefaultServletHandling(DefaultServletHandlerConfigurer configurer) {
        //使用SpringMVC默认加载
        configurer.enable();

    }
}

/*
* 中文编码  前端控制器拦截所有请求
* */
public class ServletContainerInitConfig extends AbstractDispatcherServletInitializer {

    //创建servlet应用上下文环境 使用注解的方式加载SpringMVC配置类中的信息，并加载成WEB专用的Application对象
    //该对象放入了ServletContext范围，后期在整个WEb容器中可以随时调用
    @Override
    protected WebApplicationContext createServletApplicationContext() {
        //创建注解配置web应用上下文环境
        AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext ctx = new AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext();
        //将SpringMVC配置类注册到web应 用上下文环境
       ctx.register(SpringMVCConfiguration.class);
       return ctx;
    }

    //设置拦截所有路径请求
    //代替：DispatcherServlet配置

    @Override
    protected String[] getServletMappings() {

        //  "/" 路径url
        // "/*" 所有url  路径和.jsp
        return new String[]{"/"};
    }

    @Override
    protected WebApplicationContext createRootApplicationContext() {

        return null;
    }

    //中文乱码处理 使用filter过滤器实现
    @Override
    public void onStartup(ServletContext servletContext) throws ServletException {
        super.onStartup(servletContext);
        CharacterEncodingFilter characterEncodingFilter = new CharacterEncodingFilter();
        characterEncodingFilter.setEncoding("UTF-8");
        FilterRegistration.Dynamic registration = servletContext.addFilter("characterEncodingFilter", characterEncodingFilter);
        registration.addMappingForUrlPatterns(EnumSet.of(DispatcherType.REQUEST,DispatcherType.FORWARD,DispatcherType.INCLUDE),false,"/*");
    }
}