Spring Boot学习笔记(九) -整合视图层技术

1、Spring Boot 整合JSP技术

  在Spring Boot中不推荐使用JSP，但是支持使用。

1.1、创建项目

1.2、修改POM文件，添加JSP引擎与JSTL标签库

JSP引擎：JSP是在tomcat中编译运行的，处理这个环节的就是JSP引擎。在SpringBoot内嵌的tomcat中并没有JSP引擎，所以要添加JSP引擎的依赖。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.2.6.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.xiezhenyu</groupId>
    <artifactId>springbootjsp</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>springbootjsp</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 添加jsp引擎,Spring Boot 内置的tomcat中，没有此依赖。 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.embed</groupId>
            <artifactId>tomcat-embed-jasper</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!-- 添加JSTL坐标依赖 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId>
                    <artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

1.3、创建webapp目录

1.4、标记为web目录

  经过这个操作后就可以把webapp标记为web目录，可以方便的在这个目录中创建jsp等文件。

1.5、创建JSP

注意：webapp/WEB-INF是安全的，不能直接访问，必须通过Controller做跳转。

1.6、修改配置文件，配置视图解析器

spring.mvc.view.prefix=/WEB-INF/jsp/
spring.mvc.view.suffix=.jsp

1.7、创建Controller

package com.xiezhenyu.springbootjsp.controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
/**
 * 页面跳转Controller
 */
@Controller
public class PageController {
    /**
     * 页面跳转方法
     */
    @GetMapping("/{page}")
    public String showPage(@PathVariable String page){
        return page;
    }
}

  如果在IDEA中项目结构为聚合工程，那么在运行jsp时，需要指定路径。如果项目结构为独立项目，则不需要。

1.8、运行

2、Spring Boot 整合 Freemarker

2.1、创建项目

2.2、修改POM文件，添加Freemarker启动器

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.2.6.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.xiezhenyu</groupId>
    <artifactId>springbootfreemarker</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>springbootfreemarker</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!-- freemarker启动器依赖 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-freemarker</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId>
                    <artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

2.3、创建Users实体

package com.xiezhenyu.springbootfreemarker.pojo;
public class Users {
    private String username;
    private String usersex;
    private String userage;
    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }
    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }
    public String getUsersex() {
        return usersex;
    }
    public void setUsersex(String usersex) {
        this.usersex = usersex;
    }
    public String getUserage() {
        return userage;
    }
    public void setUserage(String userage) {
        this.userage = userage;
    }
    public Users(String username, String usersex, String userage) {
        this.username = username;
        this.usersex = usersex;
        this.userage = userage;
    }
    public Users() {
    }
}

2.4、创建Controller

/**
 * UsersController
 */
@Controller
public class UsersController {
    /**
     * 处理请求，返回数据
     */
    @GetMapping("/showUsers")
    public String showUsers(Model model) {
        List<Users> list = new ArrayList<>();
        list.add(new Users("admin","F","32"));
        list.add(new Users("zhangshang","M","23"));
        list.add(new Users("lisi","M","18"));
        model.addAttribute("list",list);
        return "usersList";
    }
}

2.5、创建视图

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
    <table border="1" align="center" width="50%">
        <tr>
            <th>Name</th>
            <th>Sex</th>
            <th>Age</th>
        </tr>
        <#list list as user>
            <tr>
                <td>${user.username}</td>
                <td>${user.usersex}</td>
                <td>${user.userage}</td>
            </tr>
        </#list>
    </table>
</body>
</html>

2.6、修改配置文件

在application.properties中配置freemarker的拓展名

spring.freemarker.suffix=.ftl

2.7、运行结果