简单工厂+配置文件解除耦合
可以通过工厂模式+配置文件的方式解除工厂对象和产品对象的耦合。
在工厂类中加载配置文件中的全类名,并创建对象进行存储,客户端如果需要对象,直接进行获取即可。
第一步:定义配置文件
为了演示方便,我们使用properties文件作为配置文件,名称为bean.properties
american=com.itheima.pattern.factory.config_factory.AmericanCoffee
latte=com.itheima.pattern.factory.config_factory.LatteCoffee
Coffee.java
package com.itheima.pattern.factory.config_factory;
/**
* @version v1.0
* @ClassName: Coffee
* @Description: 咖啡类
* @Author: dym
*/
public abstract class Coffee {
public abstract String getName();
//加糖
public void addsugar() {
System.out.println("加糖");
}
//加奶
public void addMilk() {
System.out.println("加奶");
}
}
LatteCoffee.java
package com.itheima.pattern.factory.config_factory;
/**
* @version v1.0
* @ClassName: LatteCoffee
* @Description: 拿铁咖啡
* @Author: dym
*/
public class LatteCoffee extends Coffee {
public String getName() {
return "拿铁咖啡";
}
}
AmericanCoffee.java
package com.itheima.pattern.factory.config_factory;
/**
* @version v1.0
* @ClassName: AmericanCoffee
* @Description: 美式咖啡
* @Author: dym
*/
public class AmericanCoffee extends Coffee {
public String getName() {
return "美式咖啡";
}
}
CoffeeFactory.java
package com.itheima.pattern.factory.config_factory;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Properties;
import java.util.Set;
/**
* @version v1.0
* @ClassName: CoffeeFactory
* @Description: TODO(一句话描述该类的功能)
* @Author: dym
*/
public class CoffeeFactory {
//加载配置文件,获取配置文件中配置的全类名,并创建该类的对象进行存储
//1,定义容器对象存储咖啡对象
private static HashMap<String,Coffee> map = new HashMap<String, Coffee>();
//2,加载配置文件, 只需要加载一次
static {
//2.1 创建Properties对象
Properties p = new Properties();
//2.2 调用p对象中的load方法进行配置文件的加载
InputStream is = CoffeeFactory.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("bean.properties");
try {
p.load(is);
//从p集合中获取全类名并创建对象
Set<Object> keys = p.keySet();
for (Object key : keys) {
String className = p.getProperty((String) key);
//通过反射技术创建对象
Class clazz = Class.forName(className);
Coffee coffee = (Coffee) clazz.newInstance();
//将名称和对象存储到容器中
map.put((String)key,coffee);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
//根据名称获取对象
public static Coffee createCoffee(String name) {
return map.get(name);
}
}
Client.java
package com.itheima.pattern.factory.config_factory;
/**
* @version v1.0
* @ClassName: Client
* @Description: TODO(一句话描述该类的功能)
* @Author: dym
*/
public class Client {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Coffee coffee = CoffeeFactory.createCoffee("american");
System.out.println(coffee.getName());
System.out.println("=============");
Coffee latte = CoffeeFactory.createCoffee("latte");
System.out.println(latte.getName());
}
}