1、垂直滚动
2、水平滚动
3、瀑布流布局
4、网格布局
5、为RecyclerView添加OnClickListner实现单击事件监听
垂直滚动
一、准备工作
在app/build.gradle的dependencies中,加入以下一行代码
implementation 'androidx.recyclerview:recyclerview:1.1.0'
二、activity_main.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
>
<androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView
android:id="@+id/recycler_view"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"/>
</LinearLayout>
三、Fruit类
package com.example.recycleviewtest;
public class Fruit {
private String name;
private int imageId;
public Fruit(String name,int imageId){
this.imageId=imageId;
this.name=name;
}
public int getImageId() {
return imageId;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
}
四、为指定的RecyclerView的子项指定我们自定义的布局fruit_item.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:orientation="horizontal"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content">
<ImageView
android:id="@+id/fruit_image"
android:layout_width="80dp"
android:layout_height="80dp" />
<TextView
android:id="@+id/fruit_name"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginLeft="10dp"
android:layout_gravity="center_vertical"
/>
</LinearLayout>
五、为Fruit创建其独特的适配器FruitAdapter.java
package com.example.recycleviewtest;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.ArrayAdapter;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.TextView;
import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
import androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView;
import java.util.List;
public class FruitAdapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter<FruitAdapter.ViewHolder> {
private List<Fruit> mFruitList;
/**
* 定义内部类ViewHolder 继承自 RecyclerView.ViewHolder
*/
static class ViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder {
ImageView fruitImage;
TextView fruitName;
/**
* 构造参数中传入参数view
* @param view RecyclerView子项的最外层布局
*/
public ViewHolder(@NonNull View view) {
super(view);
fruitImage=(ImageView)view.findViewById(R.id.fruit_image);
fruitName=(TextView)view.findViewById(R.id.fruit_name);
}
}
/**
* 传入数据源
* @param fruitList
*/
public FruitAdapter(List<Fruit> fruitList){
mFruitList=fruitList;
}
/**
* 重写onCreateViewHolder方法,用于创建ViewHolder实例,并把加载出来的布局传入到构造函数中,最后将ViewHolder的实例返回
* @param parent
* @param viewType
* @return
*/
@NonNull
@Override
public ViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(@NonNull ViewGroup parent, int viewType) {
View view= LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext())
.inflate(R.layout.fruit_item,parent,false);
ViewHolder holder=new ViewHolder(view);
return holder;
}
/**
* 对RecyclerView子项的数据进行赋值,会在每个子项被滚动到屏幕内的时候执行
* @param holder
* @param position
*/
@Override
public void onBindViewHolder(@NonNull ViewHolder holder, int position) {
Fruit fruit=mFruitList.get(position);
holder.fruitImage.setImageResource(fruit.getImageId());
holder.fruitName.setText(fruit.getName());
}
/**
* 告诉RecyclerView有多少子项
* @return
*/
@Override
public int getItemCount() {
return mFruitList.size();
}
}
六、在MainActivity.java中加入相关代码
package com.example.recycleviewtest;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import androidx.recyclerview.widget.LinearLayoutManager;
import androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView;
import android.os.Bundle;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
private List<Fruit> fruitList=new ArrayList<>();
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
//初始化水果数据
initFruits();
//获取RecyclerView的实例
RecyclerView recyclerView=(RecyclerView)findViewById(R.id.recycler_view);
//指定RecyclerView的布局方式
LinearLayoutManager layoutManager=new LinearLayoutManager(this);
recyclerView.setLayoutManager(layoutManager);
//为RecyclerView设置Adapter
FruitAdapter adapter=new FruitAdapter(fruitList);
recyclerView.setAdapter(adapter);
}
private void initFruits() {
for (int i = 0; i < 20 ; i++) {
Fruit apple=new Fruit("Apple",R.drawable.apple_pic);
fruitList.add(apple);
Fruit banana=new Fruit("Banana",R.drawable.banana_pic);
fruitList.add(banana);
Fruit orange=new Fruit("Orange",R.drawable.orange_pic);
fruitList.add(orange);
Fruit pear=new Fruit("Pear",R.drawable.pear_pic);
fruitList.add(pear);
Fruit watermelon=new Fruit("Watermelon",R.drawable.watermelon_pic);
fruitList.add(watermelon);
Fruit grape=new Fruit("Grape",R.drawable.grape_pic);
fruitList.add(grape);
Fruit pineapple=new Fruit("Pineapple",R.drawable.pineapple_pic);
fruitList.add(pineapple);
Fruit strawberry=new Fruit("Strawberry",R.drawable.strawberry_pic);
fruitList.add(strawberry);
}
}
}
七、运行效果
水平滚动
一、修改自定义布局文件fruit_item.xml
android:orientation="vertical" 将LinearLayout设置为垂直布局
android:layout_width="100dp" 将宽度设置为100dp
android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal" 设置水平居中
android:layout_marginTop="10dp" 让文字与图片保持一些距离
修改后的代码:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:layout_width="100dp"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
>
<ImageView
android:id="@+id/fruit_image"
android:layout_width="64dp"
android:layout_height="64dp"
android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal" />
<TextView
android:id="@+id/fruit_name"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"
android:layout_marginTop="10dp"/>
</LinearLayout>
二、修改MainActivity.java
新增一句代码layoutManager.setOrientation(LinearLayoutManager.HORIZONTAL);
此代码将设置布局管理器layoutManager的布局方向为水平,默认为垂直
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
//初始化水果数据
initFruits();
//获取RecyclerView的实例
RecyclerView recyclerView=(RecyclerView)findViewById(R.id.recycler_view);
//指定RecyclerView的布局方式
LinearLayoutManager layoutManager=new LinearLayoutManager(this);
//将设置布局管理器layoutManager的布局方向为水平,默认为垂直
layoutManager.setOrientation(LinearLayoutManager.HORIZONTAL);
recyclerView.setLayoutManager(layoutManager);
//为RecyclerView设置Adapter
FruitAdapter adapter=new FruitAdapter(fruitList);
recyclerView.setAdapter(adapter);
}
三、运行效果
瀑布流布局
一、修改自定义布局文件fruit_item.xml
android:layout_width="match_parent"
瀑布流布局的宽度根据列数自适应
android:layout_margin="5dp"
每个子项之间间隔5dp
android:layout_gravity="left"
居左对齐,等下文字的长度变长,居中会显得很奇怪
修改后的代码:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_margin="5dp"
>
<ImageView
android:id="@+id/item_image"
android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"
android:layout_width="64dp"
android:layout_height="64dp">
</ImageView>
<TextView
android:id="@+id/item_name"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_gravity="left"
android:layout_marginTop="10dp">
</TextView>
</LinearLayout>
二、修改MainActivity.java
1、新增以下方法,用于得到一个随机长度的字符串
private String getRandomLengthName(String name) {
Random random=new Random();
int length=random.nextInt(20)+1;
StringBuilder builder=new StringBuilder();
for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
builder.append(name);
}
return builder.toString();
}
2、修改以下代码:在OnCreate方法中修改
①LinearLayoutManager layoutManager=new LinearLayoutManager(this); StaggeredGridLayoutManager layoutManager=new StaggeredGridLayoutManager(3,StaggeredGridLayoutManager.VERTICAL);
用于指定RecyclerView的布局方式为 3列纵向瀑布流布局
②在initItem方法中调用getRandomLengthName方法
修改后,MainActivity.java代码如下
package com.example.recycleviewtest;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView;
import androidx.recyclerview.widget.StaggeredGridLayoutManager;
import android.os.Bundle;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Random;
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
private List<Fruit> fruitList=new ArrayList<>();
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
//初始化水果数据
initFruits();
//获取RecyclerView的实例
RecyclerView recyclerView=(RecyclerView)findViewById(R.id.recycler_view);
//参数1:把布局分成三列 参数2:让布局纵向排列
StaggeredGridLayoutManager layoutManager=new StaggeredGridLayoutManager(
3,StaggeredGridLayoutManager.VERTICAL);
recyclerView.setLayoutManager(layoutManager);
//为RecyclerView设置Adapter
FruitAdapter adapter=new FruitAdapter(fruitList);
recyclerView.setAdapter(adapter);
}
private void initFruits() {
for (int i = 0; i < 2 ; i++) {
Fruit apple=new Fruit(getRandomLengthName("Apple"),R.drawable.apple_pic);
fruitList.add(apple);
Fruit banana=new Fruit(getRandomLengthName("Banana"),R.drawable.banana_pic);
fruitList.add(banana);
Fruit orange=new Fruit(getRandomLengthName("Orange"),R.drawable.orange_pic);
fruitList.add(orange);
Fruit pear=new Fruit(getRandomLengthName("Pear"),R.drawable.pear_pic);
fruitList.add(pear);
Fruit watermelon=new Fruit(getRandomLengthName("Watermelon"),R.drawable.watermelon_pic);
fruitList.add(watermelon);
Fruit grape=new Fruit(getRandomLengthName("Grape"),R.drawable.grape_pic);
fruitList.add(grape);
Fruit pineapple=new Fruit(getRandomLengthName("Pineapple"),R.drawable.pineapple_pic);
fruitList.add(pineapple);
Fruit strawberry=new Fruit(getRandomLengthName("Strawberry"),R.drawable.strawberry_pic);
fruitList.add(strawberry);
}
}
private String getRandomLengthName(String name) {
Random random=new Random();
int length=random.nextInt(20)+1;
StringBuilder builder=new StringBuilder();
for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
builder.append(name);
}
return builder.toString();
}
}
三、运行效果
网格布局
一、修改MainActivity.java
1、将3列纵向瀑布流布局
StaggeredGridLayoutManager layoutManager=new StaggeredGridLayoutManager (3,StaggeredGridLayoutManager.VERTICAL);
修改为:5列纵向翻转网格布局
GridLayoutManager layoutManager=new GridLayoutManager(this,5,GridLayoutManager.VERTICAL,true);
对应运行效果
2、将3列纵向瀑布流布局
StaggeredGridLayoutManager layoutManager=new StaggeredGridLayoutManager (3,StaggeredGridLayoutManager.VERTICAL);
修改为:5列纵向不翻转网格布局
GridLayoutManager layoutManager=new GridLayoutManager(this,5,GridLayoutManager.VERTICAL,false);
对应运行效果
为RecyclerView添加OnClickListner实现单击事件监听
与ListView不同的是,RecyclerView没有提供类似于setOnItemClickListener()这样的注册监听器的方法,而是需要我们自己给子项具体的View去注册点击事件,所以实现起来稍微有点复杂。
这样做的好处是,我们可以知道用户单击了子项item中哪个部分,而ListView不行。
ListView对于item中的按钮单击,处理起来远远没有RecycerView方便。所以RecyclerView直接去除了setOnItemClickListener()方法,所有的点击事件都由具体的View去注册。
一、修改FruitAdapter.java中的代码
1、在类ViewHolder中新增成员View itemView;用于持有item自身的view。
View fruitView;
fruitView=view;
/**
* 定义内部类ViewHolder 继承自 RecyclerView.ViewHolder
*/
static class ViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder{
View fruitView;//新增
ImageView fruitImage;
TextView fruitName;
/**
* 构造参数中传入参数view
* @param view RecyclerView子项的最外层布局
*/
public ViewHolder(View view){
super(view);
fruitView=view;//新增
fruitImage=(ImageView)view.findViewById(R.id.fruit_image);
fruitName=(TextView)view.findViewById(R.id.fruit_name);
}
}
2、修改OnCreateViewHolder()方法
①将ViewHolder holder=new ViewHolder(view);
声明为final
final ViewHolder holder=new ViewHolder(view);
这样匿名内部类中也可以获取到holder变量
②注册点击事件
/**
* 重写onCreateViewHolder方法,用于创建ViewHolder实例,并把加载出来的布局传入到构造函数中,最后将ViewHolder的实例返回
* @param parent
* @param viewType
* @return
*/
@NonNull
@Override
public ViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(@NonNull ViewGroup parent, int viewType) {
View view= LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext())
.inflate(R.layout.fruit_item,parent,false);
//声明为final,这样匿名内部类中也能获取
final ViewHolder holder=new ViewHolder(view);
//重写onClick方法,为item的视图设置单击监听器
holder.fruitView.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
//获得被单击的item 的实例
int position=holder.getAdapterPosition();
Fruit fruit=mFruitList.get(position);
Toast.makeText(v.getContext(),"You clicked view "+fruit.getName(),Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
});
//重写OnClick方法,为item的图片也设置单击监听器
holder.fruitImage.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
int position=holder.getAdapterPosition();
Fruit fruit=mFruitList.get(position);
Toast.makeText(v.getContext(),"You cliked image "+fruit.getName(),Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
});
return holder;
}
二、运行效果
单击文字,由于TextView没有注册点击事件,因此点击文字这个事件会被子项的最外层布局捕捉到,Toast显示单击了view
单击图片,Toast显示单击了image