嵌入式linux学习笔记之mosquitto连接阿里云通信

简介：
实现在开发板上用mosquitto通过三元组连接阿里云并进行消息发送与接收。
主要分为3部分，第一部分在Ubuntu上搭建mosquitto进行初步测试，第二部分下载并编译依赖库，第三部分移植到开发板并编写代码。
环境：
ubuntu 16.04.5 64位
正点原子IMX6ULL开发板
参考：
迅为电子实战项目，正点原子相关资料，以及广大网友博客

第一部分 在x86上搭建mosquitto并进行测试

一、在x86上搭建mosquitto并进行测试

1、搭载环境
ubuntu 16.04.5 64位
2、下载mosquitto

//1、安装mosquitto
 sudo apt-get install mosquitto
//2、安装mosquitto客户端
 sudo apt-get install mosquitto-clients 

3、在Ubuntu上使用

//1、开启mosquitto服务，把Ubuntu主机当成服务器
 service mosquitto start
//2、在服务器上订阅主题为“mqtt”的消息（192.168.9.209为主机IP）
mosquitto_sub -h 192.168.9.209 -t "mqtt" -v
//3、再打开一个终端，并在此终端上向服务器发送信息“hello”
mosquitto_pub -h 192.168.9.209 -t "mqtt" -m "hello"

第二部分 下载并编译mosquitto依赖库

二、下载并安装libuuid库

1、版本libuuid-1.0.3，下载地址: https://sourceforge.net/projects/libuuid/files/.
2、解压libuuid-1.0.3.tar.gz到自己文件夹下
3、创建文件夹用来存放编译安装后的库（之后两个库都放此文件夹下）

 sudo mkdir /opt/mosquitto-arm

4、授予文件夹权限

 sudo chmod 777 /opt/mosquitto-arm/

5、配置configure

 ./configure --prefix=/opt/mosquitto-arm/libuuid-1.0.3 CC=arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc --host=arm-linux

6、编译并安装

 make
 make install

7、检查/opt/mosquitto-arm是否有libuuid-1.0.3文件夹，若存在则代表安装成功

三、下载并安装OpenSSL库

1、版本openssl-1.0.2g，下载地址: https://oomake.com/download/openssl.
2、解压openssl-1.0.2g.tar.gz到自己文件夹下
3、配置configure

  setarch i386 ./config no-asm shared --prefix=/opt/mosquitto-arm/openssl

4、修改Makefile
CC= arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc
AR= arm-linux-gnueabihf-ar $(ARFLAGS) r
RANLIB= arm-linux-gnueabihf-ranlib
NM= arm-linux-gnueabihf-nm
5、编译并安装

 make
 make install

6、检查/opt/mosquitto-arm是否有openssl-1.0.2g文件夹，若存在则代表安装成功

四、下载并安装mosquitto库

1、版本mosquitto-1.5.1，下载地址: https://mosquitto.org/files/source/.
2、解压mosquitto-1.5.1.tar.gz到自己文件夹下
3、编译并安装

//1、进行交叉编译
make WITH_SRV=no CC=arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc CXX=arm-linux-gnueabihf-g++ CFLAGS=" -I /opt/mosquitto-arm/openssl/include -I /opt/mosquitto-arm/openssl/lib -I /opt/mosquitto-arm/openssl/include/openssl -I /opt/mosquitto-arm/libuuid-1.0.3/include -I /opt/mosquitto-arm/libuuid-1.0.3/lib" LDFLAGS=" -L /opt/mosquitto-arm/openssl/lib -L /opt/mosquitto-arm/libuuid-1.0.3/lib -lssl -lcrypto -luuid"
//2、安装到指定文件夹
make DESTDIR=/opt/mosquitto-arm/mosquitto-1.5.1 install

4、检查/opt/mosquitto-arm是否有mosquitto-1.5.1文件夹，若存在则代表安装成功

第三部分 移植到开发板并编写程序实现连接阿里云

五、移植编译后的文件到开发板

1、将/opt/mosquitto-arm下3个文件夹进行打包

tar -czf mqtt.tar.gz ./*

2、将打包后的文件复制到开发板根目录下并解压到根目录

cp mqtt.tar.gz  /home/cxd/linux/nfs/rootfs/
tar -vxf mqtt.tar.gz

3、将libuuid_1.0.3/lib openssl_1.0.2g/lib mosquitto_1.5.1/usr/local/lib 文件夹下所有文件复制到根目录/lib文件夹下

cd libuuid_1.0.3
cp -rf ./lib/* /lib
cd openssl_1.0.2g
cp -rf ./lib/* /lib
cd /usr/local/
cp -rf ./lib/* /lib

4、将mosquitto_1.5.1/usr/local/bin mosquitto_1.5.1/usr/local/sbin 文件夹下所有文件复制到根目录/bin下

cd mosquitto_1.5.1/usr/local
cp -rf ./bin/* /bin
cp -rf ./sbin/* /bin

5、将mosquitto_1.5.1/etc/mosquitto/文件夹下mosquitto.conf.example文件复制到根目录/etc下并更改名字为mosquitto.conf

cp mosquitto.conf.example /etc/mosquitto.conf

6、使用vi 修改mosquitto.conf文件，在第40行下添加"user root"
7、启动mosquitto服务，通过PS命令查看有没有成功

mosquitto -d -c /etc/mosquitto.conf
 ps -ef|grep mosqu

六、编写测试.c文件并测试

1、在Ubuntu下新建文件夹，并在里面新建mosquitto_example.c文件以及Makefile

mkdir test
touch mosquitto_example.c
touch Makefile

2、程序内容如下

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include "mosquitto.h"

typedef struct 
{
    char        host[128];
    int          port;
    char        topic[64];
    char        client_id[64];
    char        user[64];
    char        password[128];
    int          keepalive;
    char        pub_message;
}mosquitto_t;

mosquitto_t mosquitto_obj;
void mqtt_log_callback (struct mosquitto *mqtt, void *ubuf, int level,const char *str)
{
    printf("[log] level=%d str=%s ubuf=%s\n",level, str,(char *)ubuf);

}
void mqtt_connect_callback (struct mosquitto *mqtt, void *ubuf, int result)
{
    int i;
    printf("[connect] level=%d \n",result);
    if(!result)
    {

        mosquitto_subscribe(mqtt,NULL,mosquitto_obj.topic,2);
    }
    else
    {
        fprintf(stderr,"Connect failed\n");
    }
}
void mqtt_message_callback (struct mosquitto *mqtt, void *ubuf, const struct mosquitto_message *message)
{

    if(message->payloadlen)
    {
        printf("%s %d %s\n",message->topic,(char *)message->payloadlen,(char *)message->payload);

    }
    else
    {
        printf("%s (null)",message->topic);
    }
    fflush(stdout);
}
void mqtt_disconnect_callback (struct mosquitto *mosq, void *obj, int result)
{
    printf("mqtt disconnect");
}
void mqtt_publish_callback (struct mosquitto *mosq, void *obj, int mid)
{
    printf("mqttt publish callback");

}
int main (int argc, char **argv)
{
    int ret ;
    int session=true;
    char buf[1024];
   // char name[]="mqtt";


    struct mosquitto *mosquitto_sub=NULL;

    memset(&mosquitto_obj, 0, sizeof(mosquitto_obj));

    mosquitto_lib_init();//初始化mosquitto
	
	strcpy(mosquitto_obj.host,"ProductKey.iot-as-mqtt.cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com");
	strcpy(mosquitto_obj.client_id,"12345|securemode=3,signmethod=hmacsha1|");
	strcpy(mosquitto_obj.topic,"topic");
	strcpy(mosquitto_obj.user,"DeviceName&ProductKey");
	strcpy(mosquitto_obj.password,"xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx");
	mosquitto_obj.port=1883;
	mosquitto_obj.keepalive=60;
	
	printf("mosquitto_obj->host=%s \n",mosquitto_obj.host);
	printf("mosquitto_obj->client_id=%s \n",mosquitto_obj.client_id);
	printf("mosquitto_obj->topic=%s \n",mosquitto_obj.topic);
	printf("mosquitto_obj->user=%s \n",mosquitto_obj.user);
	printf("mosquitto_obj->password=%s \n",mosquitto_obj.password);
	printf("mosquitto_obj->port=%d \n",mosquitto_obj.port);
	printf("mosquitto_obj->keepalive=%d \n",mosquitto_obj.keepalive);
	
    mosquitto_sub =mosquitto_new(mosquitto_obj.client_id,session,(void *)&mosquitto_obj); //新建一个客户端
    if(!mosquitto_sub)
    {
        printf("mqtt new client error ");
        return -1;
    }

    mosquitto_connect_callback_set(mosquitto_sub,mqtt_connect_callback);
    mosquitto_message_callback_set(mosquitto_sub,mqtt_message_callback);
    mosquitto_disconnect_callback_set(mosquitto_sub,mqtt_disconnect_callback);
    mosquitto_publish_callback_set(mosquitto_sub,mqtt_publish_callback);

   if( mosquitto_username_pw_set(mosquitto_sub, mosquitto_obj.user, mosquitto_obj.password))
   {
       printf("mosquitto username and password failure:%s   %s\n", mosquitto_obj.user,mosquitto_obj.password);
      // goto cleanup;
   }

    ret = mosquitto_connect(mosquitto_sub,mosquitto_obj.host,mosquitto_obj.port,mosquitto_obj.keepalive);//连接到服务器
    if(ret)
    {
        printf("connect error \n");
        return ret;
    }
    printf("connect success\n");
    printf("start recv...\n");
   // mosquitto_loop_forever(mosquitto_sub,-1,1);
    ret=mosquitto_loop_start(mosquitto_sub);
     if(ret != MOSQ_ERR_SUCCESS)
    {
        mosquitto_destroy(mosquitto_sub);   
        printf("loop error \n");
        return ret;
    }
    while(1)
    {
        memset(buf,0,sizeof(buf));
        fgets(buf,sizeof(buf),stdin);
        if(strcmp(buf,"\n")== 0)
        {
            printf("bye...\n");
            break;
        }         
        mosquitto_publish(mosquitto_sub,NULL,"topic",strlen(buf)+1,buf,0,0);                     //发消息

    }
   
    // while(1)
    // {
    //     memset(buf,0,sizeof(buf));
    //     fgets(buf,sizeof(buf),stdin);
    //     if(strcmp(buf,"\n")== 0)
    //     {
    //         printf("bye...\n");
    //         break;
    //     }         
    //     mosquitto_publish(mosquitto_sub,NULL,mosquitto_obj.topic,strlen(buf)+1,buf,0,0);                     //发消息

    // }
	mosquitto_destroy(mosquitto_sub);                   //释放mosquitto实例关联的内存
    mosquitto_lib_cleanup();                     //释放库相关的资源
    return 0;

}

3、Makefile文件内容如下，此Makefile可以编译此文件夹下多个.c文件并生成对应目标

CROSS_COMPILE 	?= arm-linux-gnueabihf-


CFLAG += -o

#将本目录下所有.c结尾文件加入到SOURCE中
SOURCE = $(wildcard *.c)
#去掉所有.c文件中的后缀.c
TARGETS = $(patsubst %.c, %, $(SOURCE))

CC 				:= $(CROSS_COMPILE)gcc
#LD				:= $(CROSS_COMPILE)ld
#OBJCOPY 		:= $(CROSS_COMPILE)objcopy
#OBJDUMP 		:= $(CROSS_COMPILE)objdump
#指定交叉编译程序中所用到的头文件路径
INC_DIR 		+= /opt/mosquitto-arm/mosquitto-1.5.1/usr/local/include/ 
	
#指定交叉编译程序中所用到的库文件路径				   			   
LD_DIR			+= /opt/mosquitto-arm/mosquitto-1.5.1/usr/local/lib/  \
				   /opt/mosquitto-arm/libuuid-1.0.3/lib/ \
				   /opt/mosquitto-arm/openssl/lib/ 
#指定交叉编译程序中所用到的库路径				   
USR_LIB         := -lmosquitto -lssl -lcrypto -luuid

#在头文件目录信息前加 -I
INCLUDE			:= $(patsubst %, -I %, $(INC_DIR))
#在库文件目录信息前加 -L
LDCLUDE			:= $(patsubst %, -L %, $(LD_DIR))
#VPATH			:= $(INC_DIR) $(LD_DIR)

.PHONY: clean all
	
#mq_pub : mq_pub.c
#	$(CC) mq_pub.c -o mq_pub $(INCLUDE) $(LDCLUDE) $(USR_LIB)

all:$(TARGETS)

#目标为去掉.c后对象，依赖为.c文件
#使用自动化变量编译文件夹下所有.c，并输出对应目标
$(TARGETS):%:%.c
	$(CC) $< $(CFLAG) $@ $(INCLUDE) $(LDCLUDE) $(USR_LIB)  
#清空所有编译好的文件	
clean:
	 -rm -rf $(TARGETS)
#	rm mq_pub

	

4、在此文件夹下使用make命令

make

5、将生成的可执行文件拷贝到开发板根目录下并运行

cp mosquitto_example  /home/cxd/linux/nfs/rootfs/
./mosquitto_example  

6、在开发板命令行输入aaa并回车，在阿里云可以收到相应消息，再次按回车退出发送。在阿里云对应topic下发送消息，开发板命令行显示对应消息。