1.单例模式
饿汉式
public final class Singleton1 {
private Singleton1() {
}
private static final Singleton1 ME = new Singleton1();
public static Singleton1 getInstance() {
return ME;
}
}
懒汉式
public final class Singleton2 {
private Singleton2() {
}
private static Singleton2 ME;
public static synchronized Singleton2 getInstance() {
if (ME == null) {
ME = new Singleton2();
}
return ME;
}
}
Double-Check
public final class Singleton {
private static Singleton instance = null;
Connection connn;
Socket socket;
private Singleton(){
this.connn;
this.socket;
}
public static Singleton getInstance(){
if(instance==null){
synchronized(Singleton.class){
if(instance==null){
instance=new Singleton();
}
}
}
return instance;
}
}
volatile+Double-Check
上边的Double-Check在多线程情况下可能会引起空指针异常。
实例化conn、skocket和Singleto自身本身。这三者之间的实例化顺序并无前后关系的约束(上一篇提过)。所以有可能Singleton先被实例化。而conn和socket并未完成初始化,这时线程2调用,因为Singleton已经被实例化,会直接返回实例。但是conn和socket却没被实例化,就会出现空指针异常。
只需要加上volatile关键字就行。
private volatile static Singleton instance = null;
Holder方式
public class Singleton4 {
private Singleton4() {
}
// holder 拥有, 由静态内部类创建了他的唯一实例
private static class Holder {
static Singleton4 ME = new Singleton4();
}
public static Singleton4 getInstance() {
return Holder.ME;
}
}
枚举方式
public enum Singleton3 {
ME;
public void m1() {
}
}