目录
目标: 开发一个可以在不同项目间复用的查找替换对话框
1、查找对话框的实现
查找对话框需求分析
-查找文本框中的指定字符串
-能够指定查找方向
-支持大小写敏感查找
-点击关闭按钮后隐藏
查找对话框的界面布局
查找对话框的架构与设计
文本查找功能的核心思想
1. 获取当前光标的位置并作为起始点
- 文本框中的光标是一个QTextCursor对象 , 所有与光标相关的信息都通过QTextCursor描述 。 如:光标位置,文本选择,等等
2. 向后(向前)查找目标第一次出现的位置
- indexOf :从指定位置向后查找目标子串的下标位置
- lastIndexOf :从指定位置向前查找目标子串的下标位置
3. 通过目标位置以及目标长度在文本框中进行标记
MainWindow与FindDialog之间的关系图
- MainWindow包含FindDialog 和 QPlainTextEdit (组合),FindDialog需要有一个QPlainTextEdit(通过指针)来查找内容(聚合)
FindDialog.h
#ifndef _FINDDIALOG_H_
#define _FINDDIALOG_H_
#include <QDialog>
#include <QGridLayout>
#include <QHBoxLayout>
#include <QLabel>
#include <QLineEdit>
#include <QPushButton>
#include <QRadioButton>
#include <QCheckBox>
#include <QGroupBox>
#include <QPlainTextEdit>
#include <QPointer>
class FindDialog : public QDialog
{
Q_OBJECT
protected:
QGroupBox m_radioGrpBx;
QGridLayout m_layout;
QHBoxLayout m_hbLayout;
QLabel m_findLbl;
QLineEdit m_findEdit;
QPushButton m_findBtn;
QPushButton m_closeBtn;
QCheckBox m_matchChkBx;
QRadioButton m_forwardBtn;
QRadioButton m_backwardBtn;
QPointer<QPlainTextEdit> m_pText; // FindDialog 聚合使用 QPlainTextEdit
void initControl();
void connectSlot();
protected slots:
void onFindClicked();
void onCloseClicked();
public:
explicit FindDialog(QWidget* parent = 0, QPlainTextEdit* pText = 0);
void setPlainTextEdit(QPlainTextEdit* pText);
QPlainTextEdit* getPlainTextEdit();
bool event(QEvent* evt);
};
#endif // _FINDDIALOG_H_
FindDialog.cpp
#include "FindDialog.h"
#include <QEvent>
#include <QTextCursor>
#include <QMessageBox>
FindDialog::FindDialog(QWidget *parent, QPlainTextEdit* pText)
: QDialog(parent, Qt::WindowCloseButtonHint | Qt::Drawer)
{
initControl();
connectSlot();
setLayout(&m_layout);
setWindowTitle("Find");
setPlainTextEdit(pText);
}
void FindDialog::initControl()
{
m_findLbl.setText("Find What:");
m_findBtn.setText("Find Next");
m_closeBtn.setText("Close");
m_matchChkBx.setText("Match Case");
m_backwardBtn.setText("Backward");
m_forwardBtn.setText("Forward");
m_forwardBtn.setChecked(true);
m_radioGrpBx.setTitle("Direction");
m_hbLayout.addWidget(&m_forwardBtn);
m_hbLayout.addWidget(&m_backwardBtn);
m_radioGrpBx.setLayout(&m_hbLayout);
m_layout.setSpacing(10);
m_layout.addWidget(&m_findLbl, 0, 0);
m_layout.addWidget(&m_findEdit, 0, 1);
m_layout.addWidget(&m_findBtn, 0, 2);
m_layout.addWidget(&m_matchChkBx, 1, 0);
m_layout.addWidget(&m_radioGrpBx, 1, 1);
m_layout.addWidget(&m_closeBtn, 1, 2);
}
void FindDialog::connectSlot()
{
connect(&m_findBtn, SIGNAL(clicked()), this, SLOT(onFindClicked()));
connect(&m_closeBtn, SIGNAL(clicked()), this, SLOT(onCloseClicked()));
}
void FindDialog::setPlainTextEdit(QPlainTextEdit* pText)
{
m_pText = pText;
}
QPlainTextEdit* FindDialog::getPlainTextEdit()
{
return m_pText;
}
bool FindDialog::event(QEvent* evt)
{
if( evt->type() == QEvent::Close )
{
hide();
return true;
}
return QDialog::event(evt);
}
void FindDialog::onFindClicked()
{
QString target = m_findEdit.text();
if( (m_pText != NULL) && (target != "") )
{
QString text = m_pText->toPlainText();
QTextCursor c = m_pText->textCursor();
int index = -1;
if( m_forwardBtn.isChecked() )
{
index = text.indexOf(target, c.position(), m_matchChkBx.isChecked() ? Qt::CaseSensitive : Qt::CaseInsensitive);
if( index >= 0 )
{
c.setPosition(index);
c.setPosition(index + target.length(), QTextCursor::KeepAnchor);
m_pText->setTextCursor(c);
}
}
if( m_backwardBtn.isChecked() )
{
index = text.lastIndexOf(target, c.position() - text.length() - 1, m_matchChkBx.isChecked() ? Qt::CaseSensitive : Qt::CaseInsensitive);
if( index >= 0 )
{
c.setPosition(index + target.length());
c.setPosition(index, QTextCursor::KeepAnchor);
m_pText->setTextCursor(c);
}
}
if( index < 0 )
{
QMessageBox msg(this);
msg.setWindowTitle("Find");
msg.setText("Can not find \"" + target + "\" any more...");
msg.setIcon(QMessageBox::Information);
msg.setStandardButtons(QMessageBox::Ok);
msg.exec();
}
}
}
void FindDialog::onCloseClicked()
{
close();
}
使用该查找对话框类
MainWindow.h
QPlainTextEdit mainEditor; // mainEditor为文本编辑框对象
QSharedPointer<FindDialog> m_pFindDlg; // MainWindow 组合使用 FindDialog 和 QPlainTextEdit
MainWindowUI.cpp
MainWindow::MainWindow() : m_pFindDlg(new FindDialog(this, &mainEditor))
{
}
存在问题:查找式颜色没有高亮显示,不直观
2、Qt中的调色板(palette)
QPalette类包含了组件状态的颜色组 ,QPalette对象包含3个状态的颜色描述
-激活颜色组(Active) :组件获得焦点使用的颜色搭配方案
-非激活颜色组(Inactive) :组件失去焦点使用的颜色方案
-失效颜色组(Disabled) :组件处于不可用状态使用的颜色方案
QPalette::ColorGroup定义了组细节的颜色值 ,QPalette::ColorRole中的常量值用于标识组件细节
enum | ColorGroup { Disabled, Active, Inactive, Normal } 细节查文档吧 |
enum | ColorRole { Window, Background, WindowText, Foreground, ..., NoRole } |
理解Qt中的调色板
-调色板是存储组件颜色信息的数据结构 ,组件外观所使用的颜色都定于调色板中 ,窗口组件内部都拥有QPalette对象
-重新设置组件调色板的值能够改变特定区域的颜色 ,QPalette对象是定制组件外观的重要角色
Widget.h
#ifndef WIDGET_H
#define WIDGET_H
#include <QWidget>
#include <QPushButton>
#include <QLineEdit>
#include <QLabel>
class Widget : public QWidget
{
Q_OBJECT
QPushButton m_button;
QLineEdit m_edit;
QLabel m_label;
protected slots:
void onButtonClicked();
void onTextChange(const QString&);
public:
Widget(QWidget *parent = 0);
~Widget();
};
#endif // WIDGET_H
Widget.cpp
#include "Widget.h"
#include <QPalette>
#include <QMessageBox>
Widget::Widget(QWidget *parent)
: QWidget(parent), m_button(this), m_edit(this), m_label(this)
{
m_label.move(10, 10);
m_label.resize(150, 25);
m_label.setText("Test");
m_edit.move(10, 45);
m_edit.resize(150, 25);
m_button.move(10, 80);
m_button.resize(150, 25);
m_button.setText("Test");
connect(&m_button, SIGNAL(clicked()), this, SLOT(onButtonClicked()));
connect(&m_edit, SIGNAL(textEdited(const QString&)), this, SLOT(onTextChange(const QString&)));
QPalette p = m_button.palette(); // 获取m_button的调色板
p.setColor(QPalette::Active, QPalette::ButtonText, Qt::red); // 设置激活时,按钮文本为红色
p.setColor(QPalette::Inactive, QPalette::ButtonText, Qt::red); // 设置非激活时,按钮文本为红色
m_button.setPalette(p); // 给m_button设置调色板
p = m_edit.palette();
p.setColor(QPalette::Active, QPalette::Highlight, Qt::red); // 高亮背景为红色
p.setColor(QPalette::Active, QPalette::HighlightedText, Qt::white); // 高亮文本为白色
p.setColor(QPalette::Inactive, QPalette::Highlight, Qt::yellow); // 高亮背景为黄色
p.setColor(QPalette::Inactive, QPalette::HighlightedText, Qt::green); // 高亮文本为白色
m_edit.setPalette(p);
}
// 点击按钮更改m_label的调色板方案
void Widget::onButtonClicked()
{
QPalette p = m_label.palette();
p.setColor(QPalette::Active, QPalette::WindowText, Qt::green);
p.setColor(QPalette::Inactive, QPalette::WindowText, Qt::green);
m_label.setPalette(p);
}
void Widget::onTextChange(const QString&)
{
if(m_edit.text().count() > 6)
{
m_edit.selectAll();
QMessageBox::information(this, "tip", "字符超出限制", QMessageBox::Ok);
}
}
Widget::~Widget()
{
}
查找对话框高亮显示的颜色问题
QPalette p = mainEditor.palette();
p.setColor(QPalette::Inactive, QPalette::Highlight, p.color(QPalette::Active, QPalette::Highlight));
p.setColor(QPalette::Inactive, QPalette::HighlightedText, p.color(QPalette::Active, QPalette::HighlightedText));
mainEditor.setPalette(p);
3、替换对话框的实现
替换对话框
替换对话框的设计与实现
MainWindow与ReplaceDialog之间的关系图
ReplaceDialog.h
#ifndef _REPLACEDIALOG_H_
#define _REPLACEDIALOG_H_
#include "FindDialog.h"
class ReplaceDialog : public FindDialog
{
Q_OBJECT
protected:
QLabel m_replaceLbl;
QLineEdit m_replaceEdit;
QPushButton m_replaceBtn;
QPushButton m_replaceAllBtn;
void initControl();
void connectSlot();
protected slots:
void onReplaceClicked();
void onReplaceAllClicked();
public:
explicit ReplaceDialog(QWidget *parent = 0, QPlainTextEdit* pText = 0);
};
#endif // _REPLACEDIALOG_H_
ReplaceDialog.cpp
#include "ReplaceDialog.h"
ReplaceDialog::ReplaceDialog(QWidget *parent, QPlainTextEdit* pText) :
FindDialog(parent, pText)
{
initControl();
connectSlot();
setWindowTitle("Replace");
}
void ReplaceDialog::initControl()
{
m_replaceLbl.setText("Replace To:");
m_replaceBtn.setText("Replace");
m_replaceAllBtn.setText("Replace All");
m_layout.removeWidget(&m_matchChkBx); // 父类的构造函数已经初始化,所以需要移除
m_layout.removeWidget(&m_radioGrpBx);
m_layout.removeWidget(&m_closeBtn);
m_layout.addWidget(&m_replaceLbl, 1, 0);
m_layout.addWidget(&m_replaceEdit, 1, 1);
m_layout.addWidget(&m_replaceBtn, 1, 2);
m_layout.addWidget(&m_matchChkBx, 2, 0);
m_layout.addWidget(&m_radioGrpBx, 2, 1);
m_layout.addWidget(&m_replaceAllBtn, 2, 2);
m_layout.addWidget(&m_closeBtn, 3, 2);
}
void ReplaceDialog::connectSlot()
{
connect(&m_replaceBtn, SIGNAL(clicked()), this, SLOT(onReplaceClicked()));
connect(&m_replaceAllBtn, SIGNAL(clicked()), this, SLOT(onReplaceAllClicked()));
}
void ReplaceDialog::onReplaceClicked()
{
QString target = m_findEdit.text();
QString to = m_replaceEdit.text();
if( (m_pText != NULL) && (target != "") && (to != "") )
{
QString selText = m_pText->textCursor().selectedText();//第一次没有选择任何文本
if( selText == target )
{
m_pText->insertPlainText(to);
}
onFindClicked();//第一次不会替换,会查找,符合Windows上的记事本替换准则
}
}
void ReplaceDialog::onReplaceAllClicked()
{
QString target = m_findEdit.text();
QString to = m_replaceEdit.text();
if( (m_pText != NULL) && (target != "") && (to != "") )
{
QString text = m_pText->toPlainText();
text.replace(target, to, m_matchChkBx.isChecked() ? Qt::CaseSensitive : Qt::CaseInsensitive);
m_pText->clear();
m_pText->insertPlainText(text);
}
}