Python基础学习
需要掌握内容:
- 准确掌握基本语法规则
- 重点学习列表推导式、Lamabda表达式、正则表达式
一、基本语法
1、基本数据类型、常量和变量
二、重点学习
1、列表推导式
# # 列表推导式
# #1
list = [x*x for x in range(10)]
print(list)
# # #########################如果正常写是这样的##########
list = []
for x in range(10):
list.append(x*x)
print(list)
# 2
list1 = [[[1, 2, 3], [1, 2, 3], [1, 2, 3]], [[1, 2, 3], [1, 2, 3], [1, 2, 3]], [[1, 2, 3], [1, 2, 3], [1, 2, 3]]]
list2 = [num for elems in list1 for nums in elems for num in nums]
print(list2)
# ###等价于####
list1 = [[[1, 2, 3], [1, 2, 3], [1, 2, 3]], [[1, 2, 3], [1, 2, 3], [1, 2, 3]], [[1, 2, 3], [1, 2, 3], [1, 2, 3]]]
list2 = []
for elems in list1:
for nums in elems:
for num in nums:
list2.append(num)
print(list2)
# 3实现矩阵转置
print([i for i in range(4)])
matrix = [[1,2,3,4], [5,6,7,8], [9,10,11,12]]
matrixlater=[[row[i] for row in matrix] for i in range(4)]
print(matrixlater)
# 4 列表表达式 if—else
# 有两种形式
# 1:
# [x for x in data if condition]
print([num for num in range(4) if True])
# 此处的if主要起判断的作用,data数据只有满足if条件的才会留下,最后统一生成一个数据列表
# 2:
# [exp1 if condition else exp2 for x in data]
test=int(input("请输入0或者1"))
print([num if test else num*num for num in range(4)])
# 此处的if -slse 主要起赋值的作用,如果x满足条件执行exp1不满足执行else
list = [x for x in range(1, 101) if x % 3 == 0]
print(list)
p = [x if x % 3 == 0 else -x for x in range(101)]
print(p)