【Android学习笔记】Intent (1) - 跳转页面

来源：初次学习，建议直接看这个官方原版，我这个是总结出来的要点，供自己日后复习，参考

Intent 概念

Intent : An Intent is an asynchronous message that you can use in your activity to request an action from another activity, or from some other app component. You use an intent to start one activity from another activity, and to pass data between activities

An Intent can be explicit or implicit:

1. 显示方法 An explicit intent is one in which you know the target of that intent. That is, you already know the fully qualified class name of that specific activity.
2. 隐示方法 An implicit intent is one in which you do not have the name of the target component, but you have a general action to perform.

这个贴子是显示

效果图

点击跳转:

步骤

第一步：Create the TwoActivities project （这个就是创建一个新的proj，略过）

第二步： Define the layout for the main Activity

<Button
    android:id="@+id/button_main"
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:layout_marginEnd="28dp"
    android:layout_marginRight="28dp"
    android:layout_marginBottom="36dp"
    android:text="@string/button_main"    这儿有个快捷添加方法见以前的博客
    app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
    app:layout_constraintRight_toRightOf="parent"
    android:onClick="launchSecondActivity"/>  // 产生单击响应

在 Button 中添加 添加响应 android:onClick="launchSecondActivity"
添加后会出现 underlined in red ,可以点击红色灯，添加Create 'launchSecondActivity(View)' in 'MainActivity.

   public void launchSecondActivity(View view) {
   }

第三步: 添加 Log.d 方便查看

package ...
(省)
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
   private static final String LOG_TAG = 
                               MainActivity.class.getSimpleName(); // private

   @Override
   protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
       super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
       setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
   }

   public void launchSecondActivity(View view) {
       Log.d(LOG_TAG, "Button clicked!");            // log.d
   }
}

第四步: 创建 第二个Activity

File > New > Activity > Empty Activity.    name =  SecondActivity
The layout name is filled in as activity_second 

这里官网上面有个不一致，产生的并非是SecondActivity.java 而是 “activity_second”.
The label attribute adds the title of the Activity to the app bar.

        <activity android:name=".activity_second"
            android:label="@string/activity2_name"  //  adds the title of the Activity to the app bar.
            android:parentActivityName=".MainActivity"> // 添加Up navigation 返回父类Activity
            <meta-data
                android:name="android.support.PARENT_ACTIVITY"
                android:value="com.example.a1104.twoactivities.MainActivity"/>   // 这个是自己的文件地址，自动提示

        </activity>

第二层的XML设置：
The value of textAppearance is a special Android theme attribute that defines basic font styles.

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".activity_second">

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/text_header"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginStart="8dp"
        android:layout_marginLeft="8dp"
        android:layout_marginTop="16dp"
        android:text="@string/text_header"
        android:textAppearance="@style/TextAppearance.AppCompat.Medium"
        android:textStyle="bold"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/text_message"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginStart="8dp"
        android:layout_marginLeft="8dp"
        android:layout_marginTop="8dp"
        android:textAppearance="@style/TextAppearance.AppCompat.Medium"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/text_header" />
 
</android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout>

第五步: Add an Intent to the main Activity

5.1 Create a new Intent in the launchSecondActivity() method in MainActivity

Intent 有两个参数第一个参数是起始位置，this表当前，第二个参数是需要去的位置 id

Intent intent = new Intent(this,activity_second.class);

5.2 startActivity(intent)；启动

public void launchSecondActivity(View view) {
        Log.d(LOG_TAG,"Button clicked");
        Intent intent = new Intent(this,activity_second.class);
        startActivity(intent);
        Log.d(LOG_TAG, "START SENCOND MESSAGE");

    }

启动即可

---

ps：完整代码：

---

AndroidManifest.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="com.example.a1104.twoactivities">

    <application
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:roundIcon="@mipmap/ic_launcher_round"
        android:supportsRtl="true"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme">
        <activity android:name=".MainActivity">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
        <activity android:name=".SecondActivity"
            android:label = "Second Activity"
            android:parentActivityName = ".MainActivity">
            <meta-data
                android:name="android.support.PARENT_ACTIVITY"
                android:value="com.example.a1104.twoactivities.MainActivity"/>
        </activity>
    </application>

</manifest>

activity_main.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">


    <Button
        android:id="@+id/button_main"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginRight="16dp"
        android:layout_marginBottom="16dp"
        android:text="@string/button_main"
        android:onClick="launchSecondActivity"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintRight_toRightOf="parent"
        android:layout_marginEnd="16dp" />

</android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout>

MainActivity.java

package com.example.a1104.twoactivities;

import android.content.Intent;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    private static final String LOG_TAG =
            MainActivity.class.getSimpleName();

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
    }

    public void launchSecondActivity(View view) {
        Log.d(LOG_TAG, "Button clicked!");
        Intent intent = new Intent(this,SecondActivity.class);
        startActivity(intent);
    }
}

activity_second.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".SecondActivity">

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/text_header"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginStart="8dp"
        android:layout_marginLeft="8dp"
        android:layout_marginTop="16dp"
        android:text="@string/text_header"
        android:textAppearance="@style/TextAppearance.AppCompat.Medium"
        android:textStyle="bold"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />
</android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout>

SecondActivity.java

package com.example.a1104.twoactivities;

import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;

public class SecondActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_second);
    }
}