c++lambda函数简单介绍(C++相关)

lambda本质是inline函数，将inline函数的定义作为一个对象，可以把函数保存成一个local变量，也可以作为一个参数，由[]开头
[]用于捕获上下文变量供lambda表达式使用

	// lambda c++
	auto local = []
		() {
			std::cout << "a " << a << "b " << b << "c " << c << std::endl;
		};
	local();

作为一个模板参数传入

template<typename Func>
void printUseFunc(Func func, int a, int b, int c) {
	func(a,b,c);
}

int main(){
	printUseFunc([](int a,int b,int c){
		std::cout<<"a"<<a<<"b"<<b<<"c"<<c<<std::endl;
		},
		1,2,3);
}

lambda函数主要用于解决以下问题：

1. 有的时候调用和实现在不同文件
2. 有的时候实现十分简单

主要配合算法一起使用，[]可以引入一些local变量，以值的方式传入a,b,c

	int a = 1;
	int b = 2;
	int c = 3;
	// lambda c++
	auto local = [a,b,c]
		() {
			std::cout << "a " << a << "b " << b << "c " << c << std::endl;
		};
	local();

用=表示外部所有变量值的拷贝，用&传入表示外部所有变量的引用

	int a = 1;
	int b = 2;
	int c = 3;
	// lambda c++
	auto local = [&]
		() {
			std::cout << "a " << a << "b " << b << "c " << c << std::endl;
		};
	local();

lambda完整例子：

#include <functional>
#include <iostream>

void printInfo(int a, int b, int c) {
	std::cout << "a " << a << "b " << b << "c " << c <<std::endl;
}

struct Print {
	void operator()(int a, int b, int c) const {
		std::cout << "a " << a << "b " << b << "c " << c << std::endl;
	}
};

template<typename T1, typename T2, typename T3>
void templatePrint(T1 a, T2 b, T3 c) {
	std::cout << "a " << a << "b " << b << "c " << c << std::endl;
}

struct TemplatePrint {
	template<typename T1, typename T2, typename T3>
		void operator()(T1 a, T2 b, T3 c) const {
			std::cout << "a " << a << "b " << b << "c " << c << std::endl;
		}
};

inline void print
(int a, int b, int c) {
  std::cout << "a " << a << "b " << b << "c " << c << std::endl;
}

template<typename Func>
void printUseFunc(Func func, int a, int b, int c) {
	func(a,b,c);
}

int main() {
	Print printUseClass;
	TemplatePrint printUseTempClass;

	print(1,2,3);
	printInfo(1,2,3);
	printUseClass(1,2,3);
	templatePrint(1,2,3);
	printUseTempClass(1,2,3);
	int a = 1;
	int b = 2;
	int c = 3;
	// lambda c++
	auto local = [&]
		() {
			std::cout << "a " << a << "b " << b << "c " << c << std::endl;
		};
	local();
}