Python进阶包之Matplotlib

Matplotlib安装

pip install numpy
pip install matplotlb

1.基本用法

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
# 设置值x,y
x = np.linspace(-3,3,50)  # linspace:线性等分向量（linear space）
y1 = x*2 + 1
y2 = X**2
plt.plot(x,y1）  # plot:绘制; 标出

# plt.figure()  # 指定第二张图片，如不指定，则y1,y2,x同时输出
plt.plot(x,y2)
plt.show()

figure参数:

figure(num=None, figsize=None, dpi=None, facecolor=None, edgecolor=None, frameon=True, FigureClass=Figure, clear=False, **kwargs)

parameter	默认值	示例
num	None	num = 3
fgsize	None	fgsize = (8,5)
dpi	None
facecolor	None
edgecolor	None
frameon	True
FigureClass	Figure
clear	False

plot参数：

def plot(*args, scalex=True, scaley=True, data=None, **kwargs)

parameter	默认值	示例
x		x
y		6*x
color	blue?	color = ‘red’
linewidth	1.0	linewidth = 3.5
linestyle	‘-’	linestyle = ‘–’

2.改变坐标系labels

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as pl


x = np.linspace(-3,3,50)
y1 = x*2 + 1
y2 = x**2
plt.plot(x,y1)
plt.plot(x,y2,color= 'red',linewidth= 3.5,linestyle= '--')

plt.xlim((-2,2))  # 设置x,y取值范围
plt.ylim((-4,4))
plt.xlabel('i am x')  # 设置x,y标签
plt.ylabel('i am y')
new_ticks = np.linspace(-2,2,9)  # 设置坐标系值
from matplotlib import font_manager    # 显示中文，加载字体路径
myfont = font_manager.FontProperties(fname="C:\Windows\Fonts\msyh.ttc")
plt.xticks(ticks=new_ticks,labels=['负二','负一点五','负一','零','一','一点五','二','二点五','三'],rotation = 45,fontproperties=myfont)
plt.yticks[-3,-2,0,2,