【Java】`HashMap` 练习一：存储自定义对象

案例需求

• 创建一个HashMap集合，键是学生对象(Student)，值是居住地 (String)。存储多个元素，并遍历。
• 要求保证键的唯一性：如果学生对象的成员变量值相同，我们就认为是同一个对象

Student.java

public class Student {
    //姓名
    private String name;
    //年龄
    private int age;

    // 无参构造、有参构造、get、set方法
    
    @Override
    public boolean equals(Object o) {
        if (this == o) return true;
        if (o == null || getClass() != o.getClass()) return false;
        Student2 student2 = (Student2) o;
        return age == student2.age && Objects.equals(name, student2.name);
    }

    @Override
    public int hashCode() {
        return Objects.hash(name, age);
    }
}

测试类

//1.创建HashMap的对象
HashMap<Student,String> hm = new HashMap<>();

//2.创建三个学生对象
Student s1 = new Student("zhangsan",23);
Student s2 = new Student("lisi",24);
Student s3 = new Student("wangwu",25);
Student s4 = new Student("wangwu",25);

//3.添加元素
hm.put(s1,"江苏");
hm.put(s2,"浙江");
hm.put(s3,"福建");
hm.put(s4,"山东");

//4.遍历集合
Set<Student> keys = hm.keySet();
for (Student key : keys) {
    String value = hm.get(key);
    System.out.println(key + "=" + value);
}

System.out.println("--------------------------");

Set<Map.Entry<Student, String>> entries = hm.entrySet();
for (Map.Entry<Student, String> entry : entries) {
    Student key = entry.getKey();
    String value = entry.getValue();
    System.out.println(key + "=" + value);
}

System.out.println("--------------------------");

hm.forEach((student, s)-> System.out.println(student + "=" +  s));