安卓 五 事件和手势

事件处理

• 基于监听的事件处理
• 基于回调的事件处理

基于监听，绑定特有的事件监听器。

事件监听器 --> 事件源(按钮等组件) -->事件Event–>事件处理

基于回调的事件处理

• 重写组件的回调方法
• 重写Activity的回调方法

区别？

基于回调的事件处理用于通用事件的处理

基于监听的事件处理用于特定事件的处理

物理按键事件处理

• 音量键 KEYCODE_VOLUME_UP/DOWN
• 菜单键 KEYCODE_MENU
• 返回键 KEYCODE_BACK
• home键 KEYCODE_HOME
• 电源键 KEYCODE_POWER

android 为 物理按键定义三个状态

• 按下 onKeyDown
• 抬起 onKeyUp
• 长按 onKeyLongPress

例如：连续两次返回键，退出程序。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">

    <TextView
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="连续两次返回键退出程序"
        android:textSize="20sp"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintRight_toRightOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />

</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>

package com.liyanfeng.eventtogo;

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.KeyEvent;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    private long exitTime;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
    }
    //

    @Override
    public boolean onKeyDown(int keyCode, KeyEvent event) {
        if (keyCode == KeyEvent.KEYCODE_BACK) {
            exit();
            return true;
        }
        return super.onKeyDown(keyCode, event);
    }

    public void exit() {
        if (System.currentTimeMillis() - exitTime > 2000) {
            Toast.makeText(this, "再按一次退出", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            exitTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
        } else {
            finish();
            System.exit(0);
        }
    }
}

触摸屏事件

• 单击
• 长按
• 触摸

单击略过

长按 组件添加长按事件监听器 setOnLongClickListener()

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:gravity="center_horizontal"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/long_click_btn"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="长按弹出菜单" />
</LinearLayout>

package com.liyanfeng.eventtogo;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.ContextMenu;
import android.view.KeyEvent;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.Toast;

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnLongClickListener {
    private Button long_click_btn;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        initView();
    }
    @Override
    public void onCreateContextMenu(ContextMenu menu, View v, ContextMenu.ContextMenuInfo menuInfo) {
        super.onCreateContextMenu(menu, v, menuInfo);
        menu.add("菜单A");
        menu.add("菜单B");
    }

    private void initView() {
        long_click_btn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.long_click_btn);
        long_click_btn.setOnLongClickListener(this);

    }

    @Override
    public boolean onLongClick(View v) {
        switch (v.getId()) {
            case R.id.long_click_btn:
                // 注册菜单
                registerForContextMenu(v);
                // 打开菜单
                openContextMenu(v);
                break;
        }
        return false;
    }
}

触摸事件监听器 setOnTouchListener()

自定义个View 来画一个BitMao

package com.liyanfeng.chumoshijian;

import android.annotation.SuppressLint;
import android.content.Context;
import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;
import android.graphics.Canvas;
import android.graphics.Matrix;
import android.graphics.Paint;
import android.os.Build;
import android.view.View;

import androidx.annotation.RequiresApi;

public class MoveItem extends View {

    public float bitMapX;
    public float bitMapY;

    public MoveItem(Context context) {
        //
        super(context);
        bitMapX = 65;
        bitMapY = 0;
    }

    @Override
    protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {
        super.onDraw(canvas);
        //定义画笔
        @SuppressLint("DrawAllocation") Paint paint = new Paint();
        // 定义图像来源
        @SuppressLint("DrawAllocation") Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(this.getResources(), R.drawable.t1);
        //在画布上绘制图像
        bitmap = setScale(bitmap, 160, 160);
        canvas.drawBitmap(bitmap, bitMapX, bitMapY, paint);
        // 回收图像资源
        if (!bitmap.isRecycled()) {
            bitmap.recycle();
        }
    }
    // 更改尺寸
    public Bitmap setScale(Bitmap bitmap, int dst_width, int dst_height) {
        int src_width = bitmap.getWidth();
        int src_height = bitmap.getHeight();
        float scale_width = ((float) dst_width) / src_width;
        float scale_height = ((float) dst_height) / src_height;
        Matrix matrix = new Matrix();
        matrix.postScale(scale_width, scale_height);
        Bitmap dst_bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(bitmap, 0, 0, src_width, src_height, matrix, true);
        return dst_bitmap;
    }
}

布局文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:id="@+id/relativelayout"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">

</RelativeLayout>

MainJava

package com.liyanfeng.chumoshijian;

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;

import android.annotation.SuppressLint;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.MotionEvent;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.RelativeLayout;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private MoveItem moveItem;
    private RelativeLayout ll;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        initView();
        makeMoveItem();
    }

    private void initView() {
        ll = (RelativeLayout) findViewById(R.id.relativelayout);
        moveItem = new MoveItem(this);
    }

    @SuppressLint("ClickableViewAccessibility")
    private void makeMoveItem() {
        moveItem = new MoveItem(this);
        // 添加触摸事件
        moveItem.setOnTouchListener(new View.OnTouchListener() {
            @Override
            public boolean onTouch(View v, MotionEvent event) {
                // 当手指触摸的时候，更改位图的坐标位置
                moveItem.bitMapX = event.getX() - 80;
                moveItem.bitMapY = event.getY() - 80;
                moveItem.invalidate();// 重新绘制
                return true;
            }
        });
        ll.addView(moveItem);

    }
}

单击事件和触摸事件

单击事件和触摸事件可能会发生冲突，两者中，触摸事件先行，当onTouch返回true，意味着触摸事件将本次事件消费完成，那么不会触发单击事件，如果返回false，会交给单击事件处理

手势检测

GestureDetector类 手势检测器

GestureDetector.OnGestureListener 实例

需要重写

• onDown 触摸按下
• onFling 手指拖过
• onLongPress 手指长按
• onScroll
• onShowPress
• onSingleTapUp 轻击

实现滑动相册

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:padding="10dp"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">

    <ViewFlipper
        android:id="@+id/view_flipper"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent" />


</RelativeLayout>

package com.liyanfeng.huadongxiangce2;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.GestureDetector;
import android.view.MotionEvent;
import android.view.animation.Animation;
import android.view.animation.AnimationUtils;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.ViewFlipper;

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements GestureDetector.OnGestureListener {
    private Animation[] animations = new Animation[4]; //动画数组
    final int distance = 50; // 记录手势动作开始结束两点之间的最小距离
    private int[] images = new int[]{
            R.drawable.img1,
            R.drawable.img2,
            R.drawable.img3,
            R.drawable.img4
    };
    private ViewFlipper view_flipper;

    GestureDetector gestureDetector;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        initView();
        makeViewFlipper();
    }

    private void initView() {
        gestureDetector = new GestureDetector(this, this);
        view_flipper = (ViewFlipper) findViewById(R.id.view_flipper);
    }

    private void makeViewFlipper() {
        for (int i = 0; i < images.length; i++) {
            ImageView iv = new ImageView(this);
            iv.setImageResource(images[i]);
            view_flipper.addView(iv);
        }
        // 初始化动画数组
        animations[0] = AnimationUtils.loadAnimation(this,R.anim.slide_in_from_left);
        animations[1] = AnimationUtils.loadAnimation(this,R.anim.slide_out_to_left);
        animations[2] = AnimationUtils.loadAnimation(this,R.anim.slide_in_from_right);
        animations[3] = AnimationUtils.loadAnimation(this,R.anim.slide_out_to_right);
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onDown(MotionEvent e) {
        return false;
    }

    @Override
    public void onShowPress(MotionEvent e) {

    }

    @Override
    public boolean onSingleTapUp(MotionEvent e) {
        return false;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onScroll(MotionEvent e1, MotionEvent e2, float distanceX, float distanceY) {
        return false;
    }

    @Override
    public void onLongPress(MotionEvent e) {

    }

    @Override
    public boolean onFling(MotionEvent e1, MotionEvent e2, float velocityX, float velocityY) {
        // 通过onFling 中的坐标判断滑动方向
        if (e1.getX()-e2.getX()>distance){
            // 点1比点2大  从右向左滑动
            view_flipper.setInAnimation(animations[2]);
            view_flipper.setOutAnimation(animations[1]);
            view_flipper.showPrevious();
            return true;
        }else if (e2.getX()-e1.getX()>distance){
            //从左向右滑
            view_flipper.setInAnimation(animations[0]);
            view_flipper.setOutAnimation(animations[3]);
            view_flipper.showNext();
            return true;
        }
        return false;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
        // 将屏幕的手势处理交给gestureDetector
        return gestureDetector.onTouchEvent(event);
    }
}

手势添加

创建手势 安卓模拟器的 Gestures Builder app

手势组件

<android.gesture.GestureOverlayView></android.gesture.GestureOverlayView>

• gestureStrokeType 启动多笔绘制属性

Activity 实现 GestrueOverlayView.OnGesturePerformedListener接口

在res 创建 raw 文件夹用来存放从模拟器导出的手势文件gestures

创建 GestuerLibrary 来加载手势文件 gesturelibrary.fromRawResourse(this,R.raw.gestures)

gesturelibrary.load()判断是否加载失败

对GestureOverlayView组件设置监听器和属性设置

gestureOverlayView.setGestureColor(Color.BLACK) 设置手势颜色
gestureOverlayView.setFadeOffset(1000) 手势淡出事件
gestureOverlayView.addOnGesturePerformedListener(this)添加监听器

根据评分 找到最合适的结果

public void onGesturePerformed(GestureOverlayView v,Gesture gesture){
    ArrayList<Prediction> gestures = =gestureLibrary.recognize(gesture);
    int idx = 0;
    double score = 0.0;
    for(int i,i<gestures.size(),i++){
        Prediction res = gestures.get(i)
        if(res>score){
            idx = i;
            score=res.score;
        }
    }
    Log.i("最佳结果为",gestures.get(idx).name)
}