Android binder解析及示例
一、ServerManager
1.ServerManager目录：
2.ServerManager执行流程：
1.打开驱动完成映射
bs = binder_open(driver, 128*1024);
2.成为服务管理者
if (binder_become_context_manager(bs)) {
//ioctl(bs->fd,BINDER_SET_CONTEXT_MGR,0),0标记为ServerManager
ALOGE("cannot become context manager (%s)\n", strerror(errno));
return -1;
}
3.循环
- 1.读取数据
- 2.解析数据
- 3.回复数据
binder_loop(bs, svcmgr_handler);
/*
for (;;) {
1.读取数据
res = ioctl(bs->fd, BINDER_WRITE_READ, &bwr);
2.解析数据
res = binder_parse(bs, 0, (uintptr_t) readbuf, bwr.read_consumed, func);
3.回复数据
binder_send_reply(bs, &reply, txn.transaction_data.data.ptr.buffer, res);
}
*/
service_manager.c:
/* Copyright 2008 The Android Open Source Project
*/
#include <errno.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <inttypes.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <private/android_filesystem_config.h>
#include <selinux/android.h>
#include <selinux/avc.h>
#include "binder.h"
#if 0
#define ALOGI(x...) fprintf(stderr, "svcmgr: " x)
#define ALOGE(x...) fprintf(stderr, "svcmgr: " x)
#else
#define LOG_TAG "ServiceManager"
#include <cutils/log.h>
#endif
const char *str8(const uint16_t *x, size_t x_len)
{
static char buf[128];
size_t max = 127;
char *p = buf;
if (x_len < max) {
max = x_len;
}
if (x) {
while ((max > 0) && (*x != '\0')) {
*p++ = *x++;
max--;
}
}
*p++ = 0;
return buf;
}
int str16eq(const uint16_t *a, const char *b)
{
while (*a && *b)
if (*a++ != *b++) return 0;
if (*a || *b)
return 0;
return 1;
}
static int selinux_enabled;
static char *service_manager_context;
static struct selabel_handle* sehandle;
static bool check_mac_perms(pid_t spid, const char *tctx, const char *perm, const char *name)
{
char *sctx = NULL;
const char *class = "service_manager";
bool allowed;
if (getpidcon(spid, &sctx) < 0) {
ALOGE("SELinux: getpidcon(pid=%d) failed to retrieve pid context.\n", spid);
return false;
}
int result = selinux_check_access(sctx, tctx, class, perm, (void *) name);
allowed = (result == 0);
freecon(sctx);
return allowed;
}
static bool check_mac_perms_from_getcon(pid_t spid, const char *perm)
{
if (selinux_enabled <= 0) {
return true;
}
return check_mac_perms(spid, service_manager_context, perm, NULL);
}
static bool check_mac_perms_from_lookup(pid_t spid, const char *perm, const char *name)
{
bool allowed;
char *tctx = NULL;
if (selinux_enabled <= 0) {
return true;
}
if (!sehandle) {
ALOGE("SELinux: Failed to find sehandle. Aborting service_manager.\n");
abort();
}
if (selabel_lookup(sehandle, &tctx, name, 0) != 0) {
ALOGE("SELinux: No match for %s in service_contexts.\n", name);
return false;
}
allowed = check_mac_perms(spid, tctx, perm, name);
freecon(tctx);
return allowed;
}
static int svc_can_register(const uint16_t *name, size_t name_len, pid_t spid)
{
const char *perm = "add";
return check_mac_perms_from_lookup(spid, perm, str8(name, name_len)) ? 1 : 0;
}
static int svc_can_list(pid_t spid)
{
const char *perm = "list";
return check_mac_perms_from_getcon(spid, perm) ? 1 : 0;
}
static int svc_can_find(const uint16_t *name, size_t name_len, pid_t spid)
{
const char *perm = "find";
return check_mac_perms_from_lookup(spid, perm, str8(name, name_len)) ? 1 : 0;
}
struct svcinfo
{
struct svcinfo *next;
uint32_t handle;
struct binder_death death;
int allow_isolated;
size_t len;
uint16_t name[0];
};
struct svcinfo *svclist = NULL;
struct svcinfo *find_svc(const uint16_t *s16, size_t len)
{
struct svcinfo *si;
for (si = svclist; si; si = si->next) {
if ((len == si->len) &&
!memcmp(s16, si->name, len * sizeof(uint16_t))) {
return si;
}
}
return NULL;
}
void svcinfo_death(struct binder_state *bs, void *ptr)
{
struct svcinfo *si = (struct svcinfo* ) ptr;
ALOGI("service '%s' died\n", str8(si->name, si->len));
if (si->handle) {
binder_release(bs, si->handle);
si->handle = 0;
}
}
uint16_t svcmgr_id[] = {
'a','n','d','r','o','i','d','.','o','s','.',
'I','S','e','r','v','i','c','e','M','a','n','a','g','e','r'
};
uint32_t do_find_service(struct binder_state *bs, const uint16_t *s, size_t len, uid_t uid, pid_t spid)
{
struct svcinfo *si = find_svc(s, len);
if (!si || !si->handle) {
return 0;
}
if (!si->allow_isolated) {
// If this service doesn't allow access from isolated processes,
// then check the uid to see if it is isolated.
uid_t appid = uid % AID_USER;
if (appid >= AID_ISOLATED_START && appid <= AID_ISOLATED_END) {
return 0;
}
}
if (!svc_can_find(s, len, spid)) {
return 0;
}
return si->handle;
}
int do_add_service(struct binder_state *bs,
const uint16_t *s, size_t len,
uint32_t handle, uid_t uid, int allow_isolated,
pid_t spid)
{
struct svcinfo *si;
//ALOGI("add_service('%s',%x,%s) uid=%d\n", str8(s, len), handle,
// allow_isolated ? "allow_isolated" : "!allow_isolated", uid);
if (!handle || (len == 0) || (len > 127))
return -1;
if (!svc_can_register(s, len, spid)) {
ALOGE("add_service('%s',%x) uid=%d - PERMISSION DENIED\n",
str8(s, len), handle, uid);
return -1;
}
si = find_svc(s, len);
if (si) {
if (si->handle) {
ALOGE("add_service('%s',%x) uid=%d - ALREADY REGISTERED, OVERRIDE\n",
str8(s, len), handle, uid);
svcinfo_death(bs, si);
}
si->handle = handle;
} else {
si = malloc(sizeof(*si) + (len + 1) * sizeof(uint16_t));
if (!si) {
ALOGE("add_service('%s',%x) uid=%d - OUT OF MEMORY\n",
str8(s, len), handle, uid);
return -1;
}
si->handle = handle;
si->len = len;
memcpy(si->name, s, (len + 1) * sizeof(uint16_t));
si->name[len] = '\0';
si->death.func = (void*) svcinfo_death;
si->death.ptr = si;
si->allow_isolated = allow_isolated;
si->next = svclist;
svclist = si;
}
binder_acquire(bs, handle);
binder_link_to_death(bs, handle, &si->death);
return 0;
}
int svcmgr_handler(struct binder_state *bs,
struct binder_transaction_data *txn,
struct binder_io *msg,
struct binder_io *reply)
{
struct svcinfo *si;
uint16_t *s;
size_t len;
uint32_t handle;
uint32_t strict_policy;
int allow_isolated;
//ALOGI("target=%p code=%d pid=%d uid=%d\n",
// (void*) txn->target.ptr, txn->code, txn->sender_pid, txn->sender_euid);
if (txn->target.ptr != BINDER_SERVICE_MANAGER)
return -1;
if (txn->code == PING_TRANSACTION)
return 0;
// Equivalent to Parcel::enforceInterface(), reading the RPC
// header with the strict mode policy mask and the interface name.
// Note that we ignore the strict_policy and don't propagate it
// further (since we do no outbound RPCs anyway).
strict_policy = bio_get_uint32(msg);
s = bio_get_string16(msg, &len);
if (s == NULL) {
return -1;
}
if ((len != (sizeof(svcmgr_id) / 2)) ||
memcmp(svcmgr_id, s, sizeof(svcmgr_id))) {
fprintf(stderr,"invalid id %s\n", str8(s, len));
return -1;
}
if (sehandle && selinux_status_updated() > 0) {
struct selabel_handle *tmp_sehandle = selinux_android_service_context_handle();
if (tmp_sehandle) {
selabel_close(sehandle);
sehandle = tmp_sehandle;
}
}
switch(txn->code) {
case SVC_MGR_GET_SERVICE:
case SVC_MGR_CHECK_SERVICE:
s = bio_get_string16(msg, &len);
if (s == NULL) {
return -1;
}
handle = do_find_service(bs, s, len, txn->sender_euid, txn->sender_pid);
if (!handle)
break;
bio_put_ref(reply, handle);
return 0;
case SVC_MGR_ADD_SERVICE:
s = bio_get_string16(msg, &len);
if (s == NULL) {
return -1;
}
handle = bio_get_ref(msg);
allow_isolated = bio_get_uint32(msg) ? 1 : 0;
if (do_add_service(bs, s, len, handle, txn->sender_euid,
allow_isolated, txn->sender_pid))
return -1;
break;
case SVC_MGR_LIST_SERVICES: {
uint32_t n = bio_get_uint32(msg);
if (!svc_can_list(txn->sender_pid)) {
ALOGE("list_service() uid=%d - PERMISSION DENIED\n",
txn->sender_euid);
return -1;
}
si = svclist;
while ((n-- > 0) && si)
si = si->next;
if (si) {
bio_put_string16(reply, si->name);
return 0;
}
return -1;
}
default:
ALOGE("unknown code %d\n", txn->code);
return -1;
}
bio_put_uint32(reply, 0);
return 0;
}
static int audit_callback(void *data, security_class_t cls, char *buf, size_t len)
{
snprintf(buf, len, "service=%s", !data ? "NULL" : (char *)data);
return 0;
}
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
struct binder_state *bs;
bs = binder_open(128*1024);
if (!bs) {
ALOGE("failed to open binder driver\n");
return -1;
}
if (binder_become_context_manager(bs)) {
ALOGE("cannot become context manager (%s)\n", strerror(errno));
return -1;
}
selinux_enabled = is_selinux_enabled();
sehandle = selinux_android_service_context_handle();
selinux_status_open(true);
if (selinux_enabled > 0) {
if (sehandle == NULL) {
ALOGE("SELinux: Failed to acquire sehandle. Aborting.\n");
abort();
}
if (getcon(&service_manager_context) != 0) {
ALOGE("SELinux: Failed to acquire service_manager context. Aborting.\n");
abort();
}
}
union selinux_callback cb;
cb.func_audit = audit_callback;
selinux_set_callback(SELINUX_CB_AUDIT, cb);
cb.func_log = selinux_log_callback;
selinux_set_callback(SELINUX_CB_LOG, cb);
binder_loop(bs, svcmgr_handler);
return 0;
}
二、server
1.打开驱动，完成映射。
2.注册服务。
3.实现循环(读取数据，解析数据，回复)。
/* Copyright 2008 The Android Open Source Project
*/
#define LOG_TAG "binder_c"
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <cutils/log.h>
#include "binder.h"
#include "binder_c.h"
#define SERVER_TEST1 123
#define SERVER_TEST2 456
int svcmgr_publish(struct binder_state *bs, uint32_t target, const char *name, void *ptr)
{
int status;
unsigned iodata[512/4];
struct binder_io msg, reply;
bio_init(&msg, iodata, sizeof(iodata), 4);
bio_put_uint32(&msg, 0); // strict mode header
bio_put_string16_x(&msg, SVC_MGR_NAME);
bio_put_string16_x(&msg, name);
bio_put_obj(&msg, ptr);
if (binder_call(bs, &msg, &reply, target, SVC_MGR_ADD_SERVICE))
return -1;
status = bio_get_uint32(&reply);
binder_done(bs, &msg, &reply);
return status;
}
void test1(void)
{
ALOGI("this is test1 service.\n");
}
int test2(char *name)
{
ALOGI("this is test2 service.\n");
ALOGI("name = %s.\n",name);
return 123;
}
int server_handler(struct binder_state *bs,
struct binder_transaction_data *txn,
struct binder_io *msg,
struct binder_io *reply)
{
char buf[128];
uint16_t *s;
size_t len,i;
size_t ret;
uint32_t handle;
uint32_t strict_policy;
int allow_isolated;
// Equivalent to Parcel::enforceInterface(), reading the RPC
// header with the strict mode policy mask and the interface name.
// Note that we ignore the strict_policy and don't propagate it
// further (since we do no outbound RPCs anyway).
strict_policy = bio_get_uint32(msg);
switch(txn->code) {
case SERVER_TEST1:
test1();
return 0;
case SERVER_TEST2:
//1.读取字符串
s = bio_get_string16(msg,&len);
//2.将字符串传递给test2
for(i=0; i<len; i++){
buf[i] = s[i];
}
buf[i] = '\0';
ret = test2(buf);
//3回复数据
bio_put_uint32(reply,ret);
break;
default:
ALOGE("unknown code %d\n", txn->code);
return -1;
}
bio_put_uint32(reply, 0);
return 0;
}
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
int fd;
struct binder_state *bs;
uint32_t svcmgr = BINDER_SERVICE_MANAGER;
uint32_t handle;
//1.打开驱动，完成映射
bs = binder_open(128*1024);
if (!bs) {
fprintf(stderr, "failed to open binder driver\n");
return -1;
}
//2.注册服务
//服务名，服务实体
svcmgr_publish(bs,BINDER_SERVICE_MANAGER,"binder_c","123456");
//3.实现循环(读取数据，解析数据，回复)
binder_loop(bs, server_handler);
return 0;
}
三、client
1.打开驱动，完成映射。
2.查询服务 (handle)。
3.调用服务中的函数。
/* Copyright 2008 The Android Open Source Project
*/
#define LOG_TAG "binder_c"
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <cutils/log.h>
#include "binder.h"
#include "binder_c.h"
#define SERVER_TEST1 123
#define SERVER_TEST2 456
struct binder_state *bs;
uint32_t handle;
uint32_t svcmgr_lookup(struct binder_state *bs, uint32_t target, const char *name)
{
uint32_t handle;
unsigned iodata[512/4];
struct binder_io msg, reply;
bio_init(&msg, iodata, sizeof(iodata), 4);
bio_put_uint32(&msg, 0); // strict mode header
bio_put_string16_x(&msg, SVC_MGR_NAME);
bio_put_string16_x(&msg, name);
if (binder_call(bs, &msg, &reply, target, SVC_MGR_CHECK_SERVICE))
return 0;
handle = bio_get_ref(&reply);
if (handle)
binder_acquire(bs, handle);
binder_done(bs, &msg, &reply);
return handle;
}
void test1(void)
{
//构造数据
unsigned iodata[512/4];
struct binder_io msg, reply;
bio_init(&msg, iodata, sizeof(iodata), 4);
bio_put_uint32(&msg, 0); //数据头
//发送数据
if (binder_call(bs, &msg, &reply,handle, SERVER_TEST1))
return ;
binder_done(bs, &msg, &reply);
}
int test2(char * name)
{
//构造数据
uint32_t ret;
unsigned iodata[512/4];
struct binder_io msg, reply;
bio_init(&msg, iodata, sizeof(iodata), 4);
bio_put_uint32(&msg, 0); //数据头
bio_put_string16_x(&msg,name);
//发送数据
if (binder_call(bs, &msg, &reply,handle, SERVER_TEST2))
return 0;
//得到返回值，return
ret = bio_get_uint32(&reply);
binder_done(bs, &msg, &reply);
return ret;
}
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
int fd;
int ret;
uint32_t svcmgr = BINDER_SERVICE_MANAGER;
//1.打开驱动，完成映射
bs = binder_open(128*1024);
if (!bs) {
fprintf(stderr, "failed to open binder driver\n");
return -1;
}
//2.查询服务 (handle)
handle = svcmgr_lookup(bs,BINDER_SERVICE_MANAGER,"binder_c");
if(handle <= 0){
ALOGI("check service is fail.\n");
return -1;
}
//3.调用服务中的函数
//usage :./client test1
//usage :./client test2 client
if(argc == 2){
test1();
}else if(argc == 3){
ret = test2(argv[2]);
ALOGI("client test2 : ret = %d",ret);
}
return 0;
}
四、Android.mk
LOCAL_PATH:= $(call my-dir)
svc_c_flags = \
-Wall -Wextra \
ifneq ($(TARGET_USES_64_BIT_BINDER),true)
ifneq ($(TARGET_IS_64_BIT),true)
svc_c_flags += -DBINDER_IPC_32BIT=1
endif
endif
include $(CLEAR_VARS)
LOCAL_SHARED_LIBRARIES := liblog
LOCAL_SRC_FILES := bctest.c binder.c
LOCAL_CFLAGS += $(svc_c_flags)
LOCAL_MODULE := bctest
LOCAL_MODULE_TAGS := optional
include $(BUILD_EXECUTABLE)
include $(CLEAR_VARS)
LOCAL_SHARED_LIBRARIES := liblog libselinux
LOCAL_SRC_FILES := service_manager.c binder.c
LOCAL_CFLAGS += $(svc_c_flags)
LOCAL_MODULE := servicemanager
include $(BUILD_EXECUTABLE)
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