Java小游戏坦克大战（一）

最近，学校安排来深圳尚学堂实训，我又重新拿起了我的Java，故此更新一个月的Java实训，今天主要是一个Java小游戏--坦克大战的坦克的移动的简单实现。（20180715）

1、首先，我们建立一个com.hbust.app的包，继续创建一个TankGame的类，今天的内容主要如下：

游戏的入口
 * 1：产生一个游戏主窗口的界面。实现窗口的关闭的功能。
 * 2: 实现窗口绘制的功能，绘制一些基本的图形出来。添加按键事件。

 * 3：绘制一个坦克出来，然后可以通过键盘控制坦克四向移动。

代码如下：

package com.hbust.app;
import com.hbust.frame.GameFrame;

/**
 * This is the entrance to the game.
 * 1.creates an interface for the main window of the game. Realize the function of window closing.
 * 2.draw a tank out and then control the tank's four-way movement via the keyboard.
 * 
 *@author gc
 *
 **/

public class TankGame {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		//Creates a Frame object.
		new GameFrame();
	}
}

2、接着，创建一个com.hbust.frame的包，以及一个GameFrame的类，在这个类中，我们实现了游戏的基本窗口，以及相应的事件监听器。

代码如下：

package com.hbust.frame;
import com.hbust.constant.Constant;
import com.hbust.entity.Tank;

import java.awt.Frame;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;
import java.awt.event.KeyListener;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

/**
 * Game main window class, in which all drawing functions are completed
 * @author gc
 * 
 * */
//Inheriting the Frame class provided by Java
public class GameFrame extends Frame{
	private Tank myTank;
	//Constructor to initialize the window
	public GameFrame() {
		initFrame();
		initWindowListener();
		initMyTank();
		}
	//the method to initialize MyTank
	private void initMyTank() {
		myTank = new Tank(100, 100, Tank.DIR_UP);
	}
	
	private void initFrame(){
		//Title of window
		setTitle(Constant.GAME_TITLE);
		//Set window size does not change
//		setResizable(false);
		
		//Set the initial size of the window
		setSize(Constant.FRAME_WIDTH, Constant.FRAME_HEIGHT);
		//Set the starting position of the window(mediate)
		setLocation(Constant.SYS_SCREEN_W-Constant.FRAME_WIDTH>>1,
				Constant.SYS_SCREEN_H-Constant.FRAME_HEIGHT>>1);
		
		//Because the window is still hidden after it's been created.
		//Display the current game window
		setVisible(true);		
	}

	/**
	 * Add listening events to the game window
	 * 
	 * */
	private void initWindowListener(){
		//Adding an event method to a window
		addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
			//Processing window events
			public  void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
				//When the close button is clicked, the method is executed
				//Click close virtual machine
				System.exit(0);
			}
		});
		addKeyListener(new KeyListener() {
			
			@Override
			public void keyTyped(KeyEvent e) {
				// TODO Auto-generated method stub
				
			}
			
//			called when a key is released
			public void keyReleased(KeyEvent e) {
				// TODO Auto-generated method stub
				
			}
			
//			 called when a key is pressed
			public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
				// e saves information about pressed keys
				// get the virtual key value of the pressed key
				int code = e.getKeyCode();
				switch (code) {
				case KeyEvent.VK_A://left
					myTank.setDir(Tank.DIR_LEFT);
					myTank.setX(myTank.getX()-5);
					repaint();
					break;

				case KeyEvent.VK_D://right
					myTank.setDir(Tank.DIR_RIGHT);
					myTank.setX(myTank.getX()+5);
					repaint();
					break;
					
				case KeyEvent.VK_W://up
					myTank.setDir(Tank.DIR_UP);
					myTank.setY(myTank.getY()-5);
					repaint();
					break;
					
				case KeyEvent.VK_S://down
					myTank.setDir(Tank.DIR_DOWN);
					myTank.setY(myTank.getY()+5);
					repaint();
					break;
				}
				
				
			}
		});
	}
	private int x = 500, y = 500;
	/**
	 *  All plotted work is to be completed within this method .
	 * g is a brush object . The instantiation of g is system - assisted .
	 * g is the brush that the system provides to us and can be used directly
	 * paint cannot call .repaint () directly:
	 * */
	public void paint(Graphics g) {
		myTank.draw(g);
	}

}

3、为了代码比较好审查，我们将一些定义的常量单独做一个文件包，放在com.hbust.constant的Constant类中。

代码如下：

package com.hbust.constant;
/**
 * All the literal constants used in the game
 * @author gc
 * 
 * */
public class Constant {
	//Game title
	public static final String GAME_TITLE = "my happy hour!";
	//The width and height of the main window
	public static final int FRAME_WIDTH = 800;
	public static final int FRAME_HEIGHT = 600;
	//Get the height and width of the current screen
	public static final int SYS_SCREEN_W = java.awt.Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getScreenSize().width;
	public static final int SYS_SCREEN_H = java.awt.Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getScreenSize().height;
	

}

4、创建一个坦克的实体类，主要完成坦克的简单绘制以及简单的功能的实现。放在com.hbust.entity的Tank的类中。

代码如下：

package com.hbust.entity;

import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Graphics;

/**
 * A class used to describe a tank
 * analysis:
 * tank attributes:
 * tank functions:
 * 
 * @author gc*/

public class Tank {
//	define the four directions of the tank
		public static final int DIR_UP 		= 0;
		public static final int DIR_DOWN 	= 1;
		public static final int DIR_LEFT 	= 2;
		public static final int DIR_RIGHT 	= 3;
		
//		Several states of a tank
		public static final int STATE_STAND = 0;
		public static final int STATE_MOVE 	= 1;
		public static final int STATE_DIE 	= 2;
		public static final int STATE_FIRE 	= 3;
		private int x,y; // coordinate
		private int width = 30;//Width
		private int dir;//direction
		private int speed;//speed
		private int state;//States of tank
		private Color color = Color.ORANGE;//Color of tank
		
		//The Construction method of Tank
		public Tank(int x, int y, int dir) {
			super();
			this.x   = x;
			this.y   = y;
			this.dir = dir;
		}
		/**
		 * the drawing method of tank
		 * @param g*/
		public void draw(Graphics g) {
			//Sets the color of the brush to the specified color
			g.setColor(color);
			g.fillRect(x, y, width, width);
			
			//Draw a black border
			g.setColor(Color.BLACK);
			g.drawRect(x, y, width, width);
			
			//Draw a gun barrel(the half of tank's width)
			int w = width>>1;
			switch (dir) {
			case DIR_UP:
				g.drawLine(x+w, y-w, x+w, y+w);
				break;
			case DIR_DOWN:
				g.drawLine(x+w, y+w, x+w, y+3*w);
				break;
			case DIR_LEFT:
				g.drawLine(x-w, y+w, x+w, y+w);
				break;
			case DIR_RIGHT:
				g.drawLine(x+3*w, y+w, x+w, y+w);
				break;
			}
			
		}
		/**the method to set direction of tank
		 * @param dir
		 */
		public void setDir(int dir){
			this.dir = dir;
		}
		
		public void setX(int x){
			this.x = x;
		}
		public void setY(int y){
			this.y = y;
		}
		public int getX(){
			return x;
		}
		public int getY(){
			return y;
		}
		

		
}

效果如图，可以完成坦克的四个方位的运动：

哈哈，感觉尚学堂的学习强度还是比较大，早九点到晚九点，中午就休息两个小时，写代码也开始尝试用英文写注释，虽然只能用百度翻译，但是慢慢来吧！加油！