Java8最常用的对集合的几种操作（即学即用）

1. 根据对象属性收集

 static class Person {
        String name;
        int age;
        int id;
        Person(String name, int age) {
            this.name = name;
            this.age = age;
            this.id =id;
        }
        //get/set方法。。。。
    }
      public static void main(String[] args) {
        List<Person> persons =
            Arrays.asList(
            new Person("Max", 18,1),
            new Person("Peter", 23,2),
            new Person("Pamela", 23,3),
            new Person("David", 12,4));
            **//收集集合中的id**
            List<int> ids = persons.stream().map(p -> p.getId()).collect(Collectors.toList());
            //[1,2,3,4]

            //过滤后收集 1
            List<Person> persons = persons.stream().filter(p -> p.getAge()==23).collect(Collectors.toList());
            //[{"Peter", 23,2},"Pamela", 23,3]
            
            //过滤后收集 2
             List<int> ids = persons
            .stream()
            .filter(p -> p.getAge() >= 18)
            .map(p -> p.getId()).collect(Collectors.toList());
             //[1,2,3]

            //过滤后收集属性拼装 3
             String names = persons
            .stream()
            .filter(p -> p.getAge() >= 18)
            .map(p -> p.getName())
            .collect(Collectors.joining(",", "In china ", " are funny name."));
            //In china Max , Peter , Pamela are funny name.
    }

2. List转换map

//list根据属性分组转map
  Map<Integer, List<Person>> personsByAge = persons
            .stream()
            .collect(Collectors.groupingBy(p -> p.getAge()));

        personsByAge
            .forEach((age, p) -> System.out.format("age %s: %s\n", age, p));
         // age 18: [Max]
        // age 23:[Peter, Pamela]
        // age 12:[David]
//list 转 map(重复的年龄key，name拼在一起)
 Map<Integer, String> map = persons
            .stream()
            .collect(Collectors.toMap(
                p -> p.getAge(),
                p -> p.getName(),
                (name1, name2) -> name1 + ";" + name2));//key相同时保留原始值和当前值
        System.out.println(map);
        // {18=Max, 23=Peter;Pamela, 12=David}
        
//list转map
//需要注意的是:toMap 如果集合对象有重复的key，会报错Duplicate key ....
//可以用 (k1,k2)->k1 来设置，如果有重复的key,则保留k1对应的value
 Map<Integer, String> map = persons
            .stream()
            .collect(Collectors.toMap(
                p -> p.age(),
                p -> p.getName(),
                (oldVal, currVal) -> currVal));// key相同时当前值替换原始值
        System.out.println(map);
        //{18=Max, 23=Pamela, 12=David}

3. 求和、计算、排序
   （1）排序

List<String> strings =
            Arrays.asList("d2", "a2", "b1", "b3", "c");
            strings.stream().sorted().forEach(System.out::print);
            //a2,b1,b3,c,d2,D

(2) 求和

 List<Person> persons =
            Arrays.asList(
                new Person("Max", 18),
                new Person("Peter", 23),
                new Person("Pamela", 23),
                new Person("David", 12));
                //求和年龄
                 Integer ageSum = persons.stream()
                 .reduce(0, (sum, p) -> sum += p.age, (sum1, sum2) -> sum1 + sum2);
                 //76

(3) 平均值

Double averageAge = persons
            .stream()
            .collect(Collectors.averagingInt(p -> p.age));
            //19
            Arrays.stream(new int[] {1, 2, 3})
            .map(n -> 2 * n + 1)
            .average()
            .ifPresent(System.out::println);
            //计算完后，求平均值 5.0

4. 高效去除一个list中包含的另一个list

List<Long> list=new ArrayList<>();
		List<Long> list1=Arrays.asList(1L,2L,3L,4L,5L,6L);
		List<Long> list2=Arrays.asList(4L,5L,6L);
		HashSet h1 = new HashSet(list1);
		HashSet h2 = new HashSet(list2);
		h1.removeAll(h2);
		list.addAll(h1);
		//打印结果为：[1, 2, 3]
		System.out.println(list);

5. 去重

// 根据id去重
 List<Person> persons =
            Arrays.asList(
            new Person("Max", 18,1),
            new Person("Peter", 23,2),
            new Person("Pamela", 23,3),
            new Person("Pamela", 23,3),
            new Person("David", 12,4));
     List<Person> unique = persons.stream().collect(
                collectingAndThen(
                        toCollection(() -> new TreeSet<>(comparingLong(Person::getId))), ArrayList::new)
        );

总结：以上是本人开发过程中最常遇到的集合需要处理的情况，所以整理出来，方便自己开发的时候直接拿来使用，分享给大家！觉得有帮助的，点个赞，以资鼓励！