python 实现 MQTT通信（客户端与服务器端）

Python paho-mqtt 模块使用

库的使用已经有人写的比较详细了，这里就借用了下人家写好的
https://blog.csdn.net/youshenmebutuo/article/details/79779387

服务器端搭建

下载apache-apollo-1.7.1-windows-distro

现在网上已经很找不到了，我给大家上存到了云盘里，供大家下载，里面还有一些调试工具

链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1yez9rE-wEyZ4jT6bBq7XpA 
提取码：jm03 
复制这段内容后打开百度网盘手机App，操作更方便哦

安装apache-apollo-1.7.1-windows-distro

解压到你对应的磁盘里

例如我解压在D:\mqtt里

进入bin目录

D:\mqtt\apache-apollo-1.7.1-windows-distro\apache-apollo-1.7.1\bin

创建你的服务

 apollo.cmd create mytest

mytest 为你的服务名，创建好如图所示，

启动服务

创建好会在bin目录下创建一个名为mytest的文件夹，进入你文件夹的bin目录的终端

   D:\mqtt\apache-apollo-1.7.1-windows-distro\apache-apollo-1.7.1\bin\mytest\bin

输入 apollo-broker.cmd run启动服务，启动好如图所示。

进入后台管理

打开网页，输入ip + : 61680 进入后台管理 ，默认用户名admin 密码 password
例如 127.0.0.1:61680

python 实现客户端

建议再看订阅和发布的时候，把文章第一部分paho-matt库的使用看一下，对你代码的理解有很大的帮助

下载pip库

pip install paho-mqtt

订阅主题

import time

import paho.mqtt.client as mqtt
# The callback for when the client receives a CONNACK response from the server.
def on_connect(client, userdata, flags, rc):
    if rc == 0:
        print("连接成功")
        print("Connected with result code " + str(rc))

def on_message(client, userdata, msg):
    print(msg.topic + " " + str(msg.payload))
client = mqtt.Client(protocol=3)
client.username_pw_set("admin", "password")
client.on_connect = on_connect
client.on_message = on_message
client.connect(host="127.0.0.1", port = 61613, keepalive=60)  # 订阅频道
time.sleep(1)
# client.subscribe("public")
client.subscribe([("public", 0), ("test", 2)])
client.loop_forever()

发布主题

import paho.mqtt.client as mqtt
import time
import sys
def on_connect(client, userdata, flags, rc):
    print("Connected with result code " + str(rc))
def on_subscribe(client,userdata,mid,granted_qos):
    print("消息发送成功")
client = mqtt.Client(protocol=3)
client.username_pw_set("admin", "password")
client.on_connect = on_connect
client.on_subscribe = on_subscribe
client.connect(host="127.0.0.1", port = 61613, keepalive=60)  # 订阅频道
time.sleep(1)
i = 0
while True:
    try:
        # 发布MQTT信息
        sensor_data = "test" + str(i)
        client.publish(topic="public", payload=sensor_data, qos=0)
        time.sleep(5)
        i += 1
    except KeyboardInterrupt:
        print("EXIT")
        client.disconnect()
        sys.exit(0)

运行结果

关于订阅主题介绍

• /+/*

client.subscribe('public/+/#', qos=2)

可订阅到以下主题

public/1
public/2
public/2/2

• /+

client.subscribe('public/+, qos=2)

可订阅到以下主题

public/1
public/2

• /#

client.subscribe('public/#, qos=2)

可订阅到以下主题

public/1
public/2
public/1/2/2
public/1/2

• /2/+

client.subscribe('public/2/+, qos=2)

可订阅到以下主题

public/2/2
public/2/1

• /+/2

client.subscribe('public/+/2, qos=2)

可订阅到以下主题

public/2/2
public/1/2