C Primer Plus—第八章编程习题

C Primer Plus 编程习题-第八章-字符输入\输出和输入验证

C Primer Plus 8.11
编程练习第一题

/* C Primer Plus 8.11 —— 编程练习第一题  */

/* 题目：设计一个程序，统计在读到文件结尾之前读取的字符数 */
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
int main(void)
{
  int ch, i = 0;
  FILE *fp;
  char fname[50];

  printf("Enter the name of the file: ");
  scanf("%s", fname);               // 输入文件名，需要文件路径
  fp = fopen(fname, "r");           // 以只读形式打开
  if (fp == NULL){
    printf("Failed to open file.\n");
    exit(1);
  }

  while ((ch = getc(fp)) != EOF){    // 文件结尾停止
    putchar(ch);
    i++;      // 读到字符，加1
  }

  fclose(fp);         // 关闭文件
  printf("\nThe file has %d byte", i);

  getchar();
  getchar();
  return 0;
}
// C:\Users\SieYuan\Desktop\test8.11-1.txt

编程练习第二题

/* C Primer Plus 8.11 —— 编程练习第二题  */

/* 题目：编写一个程序，在遇到EOF之前，把输入作为字符流读取。
程序要打印每个输入的字符及其相应的ASCⅡ十进制值。 */
#include <stdio.h>
int main(void)
{
  int i = 0, ch;

  while ((ch = getchar()) != EOF){
    i++;
    if (ch == '\n'){
      putchar('\\');
      putchar('n');
      printf(" %d\n", ch);
      i = 0;
    }
    else if (ch == '\t'){
      putchar('\\');
      putchar('t');
      printf(" %d\t", ch);
    }
    else if (ch < ' '){
      putchar('^');
      putchar(ch + 64);
      printf(" %d\t", ch);
    }
    else{
      printf("%c %d\t", ch, ch);
    }
    if (i == 9){
      putchar('\n');
      i = 0;
    }
  }
  getchar();
  return 0;
}

编程练习第三题

/* C Primer Plus 8.11 —— 编程练习第三题  */

/* 题目：编写一个程序，在遇到EOF之前，把输入作为字符流读取。
该程序要报告输入中的大写字母和小写字母的个数。假设大小写字母
数值是连续的。或者使用ctype.h库中合适的分类函数更方便。 */
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
int main(void)
{
  int capital = 0, lower = 0;
  int ch;

  printf("Enter a string and # to quit: ");
  while ((ch = getchar()) != EOF && ch != '#'){
    if (ch >= 'A' && ch <= 'Z')
      capital++;
    else if (ch >= 'a' && ch <= 'z')
      lower++;
  }
  printf("Capital letters: %d, Lower case letter: %d\n", capital, lower);

  system("pause");
  return 0;
}

编程练习第四题

/* C Primer Plus 8.11 —— 编程练习第四题  */

/* 题目：编写一个程序，在遇到EOF之前，把输入作为字符流读取。
该程序要报告平均每个单词的字母数。不要把空白统计为单词的字母。
实际上标点符号也不应该统计，可考虑使用ctype.h系列中的ispunct()函数  */
#include <stdio.h>
#include <ctype.h>    // ispunct()检查字符是否是标点符号, true, false
#include <stdbool.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
int main(void)
{
  int ch, ch_bf;
  int word = 0;       //单词的个数
  int word_ch = 0;    //单词的字母数

  printf("Enter a string and # to quit: ");
  while ((ch = getchar()) != EOF && ch != '#'){
    if (ch == ' ' || ispunct(ch) == true)
      word++;
    else
    {   
      if (ch >= 'a' && ch <= 'z' || ch >= 'A' && ch <= 'Z')
      // && 比 || 优先级高，故不加括号
        word_ch++;
    }
    ch_bf = ch;
  }
  if (ch_bf == ' ' && ch == '#')
    printf("The number of words: %d\nAverage letters per word: %.2f\n",
    		 word, (float) word_ch / word);
  else
    printf("The number of words: %d\nAverage letters per word: %.2f\n", 
    		word + 1, (float) word_ch / (word + 1));

  system("pause");
  return 0;
}

编程练习第五题

/* C Primer Plus 8.11 —— 编程练习第五题  */

/* 题目：修改程序清单8.4的猜数字程序，使用更智能的猜测策略。
使用二分查重（binary search）策略。 */
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
int main(void)
{
  int guess = 50;
  char response;
  int min = 1;
  int max = 100;

  printf("Pick an integer from 1 to 100. I will try to guess it\n");
  printf("Respond: y - yes, s - small, b - big.\n");
  printf("Uh... is your number %d?\n", guess);
  while ((response = getchar()) != 'y'){
    if (response == 'b'){
      max = guess;
      guess = (max + min) / 2;
      printf("Well, then, is it %d?\n", guess);
    }
    else if (response == 's'){
      min = guess;
      guess = (max + min) / 2;
      printf("Well, then, is it %d?\n", guess);
    }
    else{
      printf("Sorry, I understand only y or s or b.\n");
    }
    while (getchar() != '\n')
      continue;
  }
  printf("I knew I could do it!\n");

  system("pause");
  return 0;
}

编程练习第六题

/* C Primer Plus 8.11 —— 编程练习第六题  */

/* 题目：修改程序清单8.8中的get_first()函数，让该函数返回读取的第一个
非空白字符，并在一个简单的程序中测试。 */
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>   // exit()
#include <ctype.h>
char get_first(FILE *fp);
int main(void)
{
  int ch;
  char fname[50];
  FILE *fp;

  printf("Enter the name of the file: ");
  scanf("%s", fname);
  fp = fopen(fname, "r");     // 打开待读取文件
  ch = get_first(fp);
  printf("first char: %c\n", ch);
  fclose(fp);       //关闭文件
  system("pause");
  return 0;
}
char get_first(FILE *fp)
{
  char c;

  while ((c = getc(fp)) == ' ')
    continue;
  return c;
}

编程练习第七题

/* C Primer Plus 8.11 —— 编程练习第七题  */

/* 题目：修改第七章的7.12-8，用字符代替数字标记菜单的选项。
用q代替5作为结束输入的标记。 */
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#define WAGE_LEVEL1 8.75
#define WAGE_LEVEL2 9.33
#define WAGE_LEVEL3 10.00
#define WAGE_LEVEL4 11.20
#define OVERTIME 40.0
#define RATE_300 0.15
#define RATE_150 0.20
#define RATE_rest 0.25
void display(void);
float work_time(int level);
float taxrate(float sum);
int main(void)
{ 
  char button;
  float worktime;
  float tax, wage_hr;
  float salary, aft_salary;  // after-tax salary;

  display();

  while ((button = getchar()) != EOF && button != 'q'){
    while (button != '\n'){
      switch (button){
        case 'a': worktime = work_time(1);
                wage_hr = WAGE_LEVEL1;
                salary = wage_hr * worktime;
                tax = taxrate(salary);
                aft_salary = salary - tax;
                break;
        case 'b': worktime = work_time(2);
                wage_hr = WAGE_LEVEL2;
                salary = wage_hr * worktime;
                tax = taxrate(salary);
                aft_salary = salary - tax;
                break;
        case 'c': worktime = work_time(3);
                wage_hr = WAGE_LEVEL3;
                salary = wage_hr * worktime;
                tax = taxrate(salary);
                aft_salary = salary - tax;
                break;
        case 'd': worktime = work_time(4);
                wage_hr = WAGE_LEVEL4;
                salary = wage_hr * worktime;
                tax = taxrate(salary);
                aft_salary = salary - tax;
                break;
        default:printf("Error! Retry!\n");
                break;
      }
      printf("时薪：%.2f美元/小时\n本周总工作时长: %6.2f小时\n应发工资: %6.2f美元\n"
      "税    金: %6.2f美元\n实发工资: %6.2f美元\n\n", 
      wage_hr, worktime, salary, tax, aft_salary);
      worktime = salary = tax = aft_salary = 0.0;
      display();
      button = '\n';
    }
  }
  printf("Quit!");
  system("pause");
  return 0;
}
void display(void)
{
  int i;
  for(i = 0; i < 65; i++)
    printf("%c",'*');
  printf("\nEnter the number corresponding to the desired pay rate or action:\n");
  printf("a) $8.75/hr                           b) $9.33/hr\n");
  printf("c) $10.00/hr                          d) $11.20/hr\n");
  printf("q) quit\n");
  for(i = 0; i < 65; i++)
    printf("%c",'*');
  printf("\n");
}
float work_time(int level)
{
  float t;
  printf("You choose level %d hourly wage!\nEnter your worktime in a week (hr): ", 
  level);
  scanf("%f", &t);
  if (t > 40.0)
    t = 40.0 + (t - 40.0) * 1.5;
  return t;
}
float taxrate(float sum)
{
  float tax_;
  if (sum <= 300.0)
    tax_ = RATE_300 * sum;
  else if (sum > 300.0 && sum <= 150.0)
    tax_ = 300.0 * RATE_300 + (sum - 300.0) * RATE_150;
  else
    tax_ = 300.0 * RATE_300 + 150.0 * RATE_150 + (sum - 450.0) * RATE_rest;
  return tax_;
}

编程练习第八题

/* C Primer Plus 8.11 —— 编程练习第八题  */

/* 题目：编写一个程序，显示一个提供加法、减法、乘法、除法的菜单。获取用户
选择的选项后，程序提示用户输入两个数字，然后执行用户刚才选择的操作。该程序
只接受菜单提供的选项。程序使用float类型的变量储存用户输入的数字，如果用户
输入失败，则允许再次输入。进行除法运算时，如果用户输入0作为除数，程序应提
示用户，重新输入一个新值。示例如下： */
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <ctype.h>
void display(void);
int op_add(void);
int op_sub(void);
int op_muti(void);
float op_div(void);
int input_first(void);
int input_second(void);
int main(void)
{ 
  char button;

  display();

  while ((button = getchar()) != EOF && button != 'q'){
    while (button != '\n'){
      switch (button){
        case 'a': op_add();
                  break;
        case 's': op_sub();
                  break;
        case 'm': op_muti(); 
                  break;
        case 'd': op_div();
                  break;
        default:  printf("Error! Retry!\n");
                  break;
      }
      display();
      button = '\n';
    }
  }
  printf("Quit!");
  system("pause");
  return 0;
}
void display(void)
{
  int i;
  for(i = 0; i < 65; i++)
    printf("%c",'*');
  printf("\nEnter the number corresponding to the desired pay rate or action:\n");
  printf("a) add                            s) substract\n");
  printf("m) mutiply                        d) divide\n");
  printf("q) quit\n");
  for(i = 0; i < 65; i++)
    printf("%c",'*');
  printf("\n");
}

int op_add(void)
{
  int first, second, res;

  first = input_first();
  second = input_second();
  res = first + second;
  printf(" %d + %d = %d\n", first, second, res);
}
int op_sub(void)
{
  int first, second, res;
  first = input_first();
  second = input_second();
  res = first - second;
  printf(" %d - %d = %d\n", first, second, res);
}
int op_muti(void)
{
  int first, second, res;
  first = input_first();
  second = input_second();
  res = first * second;
  printf(" %d × %d = %d\n", first, second, res);
}
float op_div(void)
{
  int first, second;
  float res;
  first = input_first();
  second = input_second();
  while (second == 0.0){
    printf("Error!");
    second = input_second();
  }
  res = ((float)first) / ((float)second);
  //printf("%d,%f\n\n", (int)res, res);
  if (res == (int)res)
    printf(" %d ÷ %d = %d\n", first, second, (int)res);
  else
    printf(" %d ÷ %d = %.3f\n", first, second, res);
}
int input_first(void)
{
  int i1;
  printf("Please input the first integer: \n");
  while ((scanf("%d", &i1)) == 0){
    printf("Error, retry!");
  }
  return i1;
}
int input_second(void)
{
  int i2;
  printf("Please input the second integer: \n");
  while ((scanf("%d", &i2)) == 0){
    printf("Error, retry!");
  }
  return i2;
}