Jsp

Jsp简介

Jsp用来干什么？

​ 用来写动态web页面，返回给用户资源

Jsp是什么？

​ Jsp的本质是Servlet对象，用于写web的动态页面，访问jsp页面的时候实际上是在访问一个Servlet，Tomcat会把jsp文件编译成员一个xxx_jsp.java

我们打开这个文件看下会发现这个文件的本质是一个Servlet，是由Tomcat生成的，而页面的返回内容是通过write方法返回给用户的。

/*
 * Generated by the Jasper component of Apache Tomcat
 * Version: Apache Tomcat/9.0.24
 * Generated at: 2019-09-18 14:05:32 UTC
 * Note: The last modified time of this file was set to
 *       the last modified time of the source file after
 *       generation to assist with modification tracking.
 */
package org.apache.jsp;

import javax.servlet.*;
import javax.servlet.http.*;
import javax.servlet.jsp.*;

public final class index_jsp extends org.apache.jasper.runtime.HttpJspBase
    implements org.apache.jasper.runtime.JspSourceDependent,
                 org.apache.jasper.runtime.JspSourceImports {

  private static final javax.servlet.jsp.JspFactory _jspxFactory =
          javax.servlet.jsp.JspFactory.getDefaultFactory();

  private static java.util.Map<java.lang.String,java.lang.Long> _jspx_dependants;

  private static final java.util.Set<java.lang.String> _jspx_imports_packages;

  private static final java.util.Set<java.lang.String> _jspx_imports_classes;

  static {
    _jspx_imports_packages = new java.util.HashSet<>();
    _jspx_imports_packages.add("javax.servlet");
    _jspx_imports_packages.add("javax.servlet.http");
    _jspx_imports_packages.add("javax.servlet.jsp");
    _jspx_imports_classes = null;
  }

  private volatile javax.el.ExpressionFactory _el_expressionfactory;
  private volatile org.apache.tomcat.InstanceManager _jsp_instancemanager;

  public java.util.Map<java.lang.String,java.lang.Long> getDependants() {
    return _jspx_dependants;
  }

  public java.util.Set<java.lang.String> getPackageImports() {
    return _jspx_imports_packages;
  }

  public java.util.Set<java.lang.String> getClassImports() {
    return _jspx_imports_classes;
  }

  public javax.el.ExpressionFactory _jsp_getExpressionFactory() {
    if (_el_expressionfactory == null) {
      synchronized (this) {
        if (_el_expressionfactory == null) {
          _el_expressionfactory = _jspxFactory.getJspApplicationContext(getServletConfig().getServletContext()).getExpressionFactory();
        }
      }
    }
    return _el_expressionfactory;
  }

  public org.apache.tomcat.InstanceManager _jsp_getInstanceManager() {
    if (_jsp_instancemanager == null) {
      synchronized (this) {
        if (_jsp_instancemanager == null) {
          _jsp_instancemanager = org.apache.jasper.runtime.InstanceManagerFactory.getInstanceManager(getServletConfig());
        }
      }
    }
    return _jsp_instancemanager;
  }

  public void _jspInit() {
  }

  public void _jspDestroy() {
  }

  public void _jspService(final javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest request, final javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse response)
      throws java.io.IOException, javax.servlet.ServletException {

    if (!javax.servlet.DispatcherType.ERROR.equals(request.getDispatcherType())) {
      final java.lang.String _jspx_method = request.getMethod();
      if ("OPTIONS".equals(_jspx_method)) {
        response.setHeader("Allow","GET, HEAD, POST, OPTIONS");
        return;
      }
      if (!"GET".equals(_jspx_method) && !"POST".equals(_jspx_method) && !"HEAD".equals(_jspx_method)) {
        response.setHeader("Allow","GET, HEAD, POST, OPTIONS");
        response.sendError(HttpServletResponse.SC_METHOD_NOT_ALLOWED, "JSP 只允许 GET、POST 或 HEAD。Jasper 还允许 OPTIONS");
        return;
      }
    }

    final javax.servlet.jsp.PageContext pageContext;
    javax.servlet.http.HttpSession session = null;
    final javax.servlet.ServletContext application;
    final javax.servlet.ServletConfig config;
    javax.servlet.jsp.JspWriter out = null;
    final java.lang.Object page = this;
    javax.servlet.jsp.JspWriter _jspx_out = null;
    javax.servlet.jsp.PageContext _jspx_page_context = null;


    try {
      response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
      pageContext = _jspxFactory.getPageContext(this, request, response,
      			null, true, 8192, true);
      _jspx_page_context = pageContext;
      application = pageContext.getServletContext();
      config = pageContext.getServletConfig();
      session = pageContext.getSession();
      out = pageContext.getOut();
      _jspx_out = out;

      out.write("\n");
      out.write("\n");
      out.write("<html>\n");
      out.write("  <head>\n");
      out.write("    <title>$Title$</title>\n");
      out.write("  </head>\n");
      out.write("  <body>\n");
      out.write("  ");
  pageContext.forward("/login.jsp");   
      out.write("\n");
      out.write("  </body>\n");
      out.write("</html>\n");
    } catch (java.lang.Throwable t) {
      if (!(t instanceof javax.servlet.jsp.SkipPageException)){
        out = _jspx_out;
        if (out != null && out.getBufferSize() != 0)
          try {
            if (response.isCommitted()) {
              out.flush();
            } else {
              out.clearBuffer();
            }
          } catch (java.io.IOException e) {}
        if (_jspx_page_context != null) _jspx_page_context.handlePageException(t);
        else throw new ServletException(t);
      }
    } finally {
      _jspxFactory.releasePageContext(_jspx_page_context);
    }
  }
}

Jsp语法

1 指令

​ 指令是用来配置jsp页面的，导入资源文件，主要有三个指令，idea里面有提示。

• include指令

  • 用来包含文件的，页面组合

  • <jsp:include page="/common/header.jsp"/>
    

• page指令

  • 配置jsp的页面的属性

  • <%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
    

• taglib指令

  • 导入资源用的

2 内置对象

​ 在jsp中不需生成，可以直接使用的对象，一共九个对象

• application 一个web服务 所有客户端可以共享的数据
• pageContext 当前页面
• request 一次请求，可以转发请求多个资源
• session 一次会话的多个请求
• response
• page
• out
• config
• exception（errorPage才有）

在jsp对应的java文件中可以找到下面这些对象

    final javax.servlet.jsp.PageContext pageContext;
    javax.servlet.http.HttpSession session = null;
    final javax.servlet.ServletContext application;
    final javax.servlet.ServletConfig config;
    javax.servlet.jsp.JspWriter out = null;
    final java.lang.Object page = this;

pageContext可以获得内置的对象

3 EL表达式

El表达式是为了简化和替换在jsp当中书写java代码。

语法

${xx}
xx可以是表达式 例如 ${3>4} 那么显示为false
xx可以是变量，例如${name} 那么显示为name的变量值
xx可以是获取web开发中常见的对象