- 注意:此图片验证码没有进行美化,以教学为主,目的是为了知道图片验证码的原理,从而能达到读懂他人较为美观的代码
- 步骤:新建一个Servlet对象,利用Response把验证码输出到请求Servlet的页面上
- 创建一个对象,能在内存中画图(验证码图片对象)
- 代码:
BufferedImage img=new BufferedImage(width,height,BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
三个参数分别是:图片宽度,图片高度,图片类型(这里选用RGB)
- 代码:
- 美化图片(图片底色,边框,写入字符串验证码,画干扰线),可以新建一个画笔对象
Graphics graphics = img.getGraphics();
,画笔对象可以画图形,画线,填充颜色等
2.1填充背景色:graphics.setColor(Color.pink);//设置画笔颜色
,graphics.fillRect(0, 0,width,height);//填充范围
2.2画一个边框:graphics.setColor(Color.blue); graphics.drawRect(0,0,width-1,height-1);
2.3写入验证码:
- 创建一个对象,能在内存中画图(验证码图片对象)
String str="qwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmQWERTYUIOPASDFGHJKLZXCVBNM1234567890";
Random ran=new Random();//随机数
for(int i=1;i<=4;i++){
int index = ran.nextInt(str.length());
//获取字符
char ch = str.charAt(index);//随机字符
graphics.drawString(ch+"",(width/5)*i,height/2);
}
2.4画干扰线:
graphics.setColor(Color.green);//s设置干扰线颜色
//随机生成线的起止坐标点
for(int i=0;i<10;i++){
int x1=ran.nextInt(width);
int x2=ran.nextInt(width);
int y1=ran.nextInt(height);
int y2=ran.nextInt(height);
graphics.drawLine(x1,y1,x2,y2);
}
- 将图片输出到页面展示:
ImageIO.write(img,"jpg",response.getOutputStream());
- 源码
Servlet:
package Response;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Random;
@WebServlet("/YzmServlet")
public class YzmServlet extends HttpServlet {
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
int width=100;
int height=50;
//1.创建一个对象,能在内存中画图(验证码图片对象)
BufferedImage img=new BufferedImage(width,height,BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
//2.m美化图片
//2.1 填充背景色
Graphics graphics = img.getGraphics();//画笔对象
graphics.setColor(Color.pink);//设置画笔颜色
graphics.fillRect(0, 0,width,height);//填充范围
//2.2 画一个边框
graphics.setColor(Color.blue);
graphics.drawRect(0,0,width-1,height-1);
//2.3 写验证码
String str="qwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmQWERTYUIOPASDFGHJKLZXCVBNM1234567890";
Random ran=new Random();//随机数
for(int i=1;i<=4;i++){
int index = ran.nextInt(str.length());
//获取字符
char ch = str.charAt(index);//随机字符
graphics.drawString(ch+"",(width/5)*i,height/2);
}
//2.4画干扰线
graphics.setColor(Color.green);//s设置干扰线颜色
//随机生成线的起止坐标点
for(int i=0;i<10;i++){
int x1=ran.nextInt(width);
int x2=ran.nextInt(width);
int y1=ran.nextInt(height);
int y2=ran.nextInt(height);
graphics.drawLine(x1,y1,x2,y2);
}
//3.将图片输出到页面展示
ImageIO.write(img,"jpg",response.getOutputStream());
}
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
this.doPost(request,response);
}
}
Html:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
<script !src="">
<!-- 点击图片或者超链接换一张图片-->
//给图片和超链接绑定单击事件,重新设置src
window.onload=function () {
//获取图片对象
var img=document.getElementById("checkCoda");
img.onclick=function (ev) {
//在src后加上时间戳,防止src一样浏览器直接从缓存调用达不到切换的效果
var date =new Date().getTime();
img.src="/hellotomcat/YzmServlet?"+date;
}
var a=document.getElementById("change");
a.onclick=function (ev) {
var date =new Date().getTime();
img.src="/hellotomcat/YzmServlet?"+date;
}
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<img id="checkCoda" src="/hellotomcat/YzmServlet" alt="">
<a id="change" href="">看不清?换一张</a>
</body>
</html>