1、监听器:
监听事件,在事件的发生前或者后执行一些代码处理
2、监听操作的上下文:
3、监听模型:是一个观察者模式
4、Servlet有六个事件和8个监听器,主要提供了对ServletContext、HttpSession、ServletRequest的监听。
Listener接口 | Event类 |
ServletContextListener | ServletContextEvent |
ServletContextAttributeListener | ServletContextAttributeEvent |
HttpSessionListener | HttpSessionEvent |
HttpSessionActivationListener | |
HttpSessionAttributeListener | HttpSessionBindingEvent |
HttpSessionBindingListener | |
ServletRequestListener | ServletRequestEvent |
ServletRequestAttributeListener | ServletRequestAttributeEvent |
5、实现ServletContextListener
步骤:实现ServletContextListener接口
编写配置文件
监听器代码:
import javax.servlet.ServletContextEvent;
import javax.servlet.ServletContextListener;
public class HelloContextListener implements ServletContextListener{
//服务器停止调用
public void contextDestroyed(ServletContextEvent arg0) {
System.out.println("Listener销毁!!!");
}
//服务器启动调用
public void contextInitialized(ServletContextEvent arg0) {
System.out.println("Listener初始化!!!");
}
}
配置文件:
<listener>
<listener-class>cn.yuchao.listener.HelloContextListener</listener-class>
</listener>
使用注解配置listener:
@WebListener
6、监听器的应用——在线人数
人数——放在何处?——存在ServletContext中
上线、下线和HttpSession有关
代码:
@WebListener
public class IndexListener implements ServletContextListener,HttpSessionListener{
private int count = 0;
private ServletContext sc = null;
public void contextDestroyed(ServletContextEvent se) {
}
public void contextInitialized(ServletContextEvent se) {
sc = se.getServletContext();
}
public void sessionCreated(HttpSessionEvent see) {
sc.setAttribute("count", ++count);
}
public void sessionDestroyed(HttpSessionEvent see) {
sc.setAttribute("count", --count);
}
}
servelet:
@WebServlet("/index")
public class IndexServlet extends HttpServlet{
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
HttpSession session = req.getSession();
session.setAttribute("user", "1");
session.setMaxInactiveInterval(120);
resp.sendRedirect("index.jsp");
}
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
this.doPost(req,resp);
}
}
jsp:
<p>现在在线人数:${count }</p>