两种排版显示多行文字:
从左显示、居中显示
从左显示
1、先描画
2、算出字体边框(我们不可能从第一条线开始下一行文字,而是从第二条线开始下一行文字,所以需要算出字体的边框)
注:slot->glyph里存的是第一条线的边框,所以FT_Glyph_Get_CBox去获取第二条线开始算起的边框
从左显示的代码如下:
1、显示一行:
wchar_t *wstr1 = L"百问网gif";
wchar_t *wstr2 = L"www.100ask.net";
/* 确定座标:
* lcd_x = 0
* lcd_y = 24
* 笛卡尔座标系:
* x = lcd_x = 0
* y = var.yres - lcd_y = var.yres - 24
*/
pen.x = 0 * 64;
pen.y = (var.yres - 24) * 64;
for (i = 0; i < wcslen(wstr1); i++)
{
/* set transformation */
FT_Set_Transform( face, 0, &pen);
/* load glyph image into the slot (erase previous one) */
error = FT_Load_Char( face, wstr1[i], FT_LOAD_RENDER );
if (error)
{
printf("FT_Load_Char error\n");
return -1;
}
draw_bitmap( &slot->bitmap,
slot->bitmap_left,
var.yres - slot->bitmap_top);
/* increment pen position */
pen.x += slot->advance.x;
//pen.y += slot->advance.y;
}
2、 显示下一行的时候需要知道上一行的边框:
通过FT_Glyph_Get_CBox()获取文字的xMin, xMax, yMin, yMax坐标信息
wchar_t *wstr1 = L"百问网gif";
wchar_t *wstr2 = L"www.100ask.net";
int line_box_ymin = 10000;
int line_box_ymax = 0;
pen.x = 0 * 64;
pen.y = (var.yres - 24) * 64;
//第一行:
for (i = 0; i < wcslen(wstr1); i++)
{
/* set transformation */
FT_Set_Transform( face, 0, &pen);
/* load glyph image into the slot (erase previous one) */
error = FT_Load_Char( face, wstr1[i], FT_LOAD_RENDER );
if (error)
{
printf("FT_Load_Char error\n");
return -1;
}
error = FT_Get_Glyph( face->glyph, &glyph );
if (error)
{
printf("FT_Get_Glyph error!\n");
return -1;
}
FT_Glyph_Get_CBox(glyph, FT_GLYPH_BBOX_TRUNCATE, &bbox );
//这是笛卡尔坐标
if (line_box_ymin > bbox.yMin)
line_box_ymin = bbox.yMin;
if (line_box_ymax < bbox.yMax)
line_box_ymax = bbox.yMax;
draw_bitmap( &slot->bitmap,
slot->bitmap_left,
var.yres - slot->bitmap_top);
/* increment pen position */
pen.x += slot->advance.x;
//pen.y += slot->advance.y;
}
//第二行
/* 确定座标:
* lcd_x = 0
* lcd_y = line_box_ymax - line_box_ymin + 24
* 笛卡尔座标系:
* x = lcd_x = 0
* y = var.yres - lcd_y = var.yres - (line_box_ymax - line_box_ymin + 24)
*/
pen.x = 0 * 64;
pen.y = (var.yres - (line_box_ymax - line_box_ymin + 24)) * 64;
//这里为了只是实现效果,先假设下一行的高度为24
for (i = 0; i < wcslen(wstr2); i++)
{
/* set transformation */
FT_Set_Transform( face, 0, &pen);
/* load glyph image into the slot (erase previous one) */
error = FT_Load_Char( face, wstr2[i], FT_LOAD_RENDER );
if (error)
{
printf("FT_Load_Char error\n");
return -1;
}
error = FT_Get_Glyph( face->glyph, &glyph );
if (error)
{
printf("FT_Get_Glyph error!\n");
return -1;
}
FT_Glyph_Get_CBox(glyph, FT_GLYPH_BBOX_TRUNCATE, &bbox );
if (line_box_ymin > bbox.yMin)
line_box_ymin = bbox.yMin;
if (line_box_ymax < bbox.yMax)
line_box_ymax = bbox.yMax;
draw_bitmap( &slot->bitmap,
slot->bitmap_left,
var.yres - slot->bitmap_top);
/* increment pen position */
pen.x += slot->advance.x;
//pen.y += slot->advance.y;
}
居中显示
1、算出边框
2、再确定坐标并描画
参考代码freetype网页step2
居中显示的代码如下:
参考代码freetype网页step2
中文P15:https://wenku.baidu.com/view/060a0b44f12d2af90342e63a.html?from=search
(1)首先定义一个用来存储一行文字的字形图象数组
(2)首先以坐标(0,0)为基值,获取每个文字的字形图像和坐标值,存到glyphs[]里
(3)通过glyphs[]存的一行字形图象,计算出边界框
(4)通过边界框,找到居中显示的坐标信息
(5)通过坐标信息,将glyphs[]存的一行字形图像显示出来
1、定义结构体:
typedef struct TGlyph_ {
FT_UInt index; /* glyph index */
FT_Vector pos; /* glyph origin on the baseline */
FT_Glyph image; /* glyph image */
} TGlyph, *PGlyph;
2、定义变量:
#define MAX_GLYPHS 100
TGlyph glyphs[MAX_GLYPHS]; /* glyphs table */
FT_UInt num_glyphs;
3、自定义函数Get_Glyphs_Frm_Wstr()(从宽字符里获得glyphs,并计算glyph个数):
face存的是字体库(glyph+索引)
int Get_Glyphs_Frm_Wstr(FT_Face face, wchar_t * wstr, TGlyph glyphs[])
{
int n;
PGlyph glyph = glyphs;
int pen_x = 0;
int pen_y = 0; //假设从(0,0)开始描绘
int error;
FT_GlyphSlot slot = face->glyph;
for (n = 0; n < wcslen(wstr); n++)
{
glyph->index = FT_Get_Char_Index( face, wstr[n]);
/* store current pen position */
glyph->pos.x = pen_x;
glyph->pos.y = pen_y;
/* load时是把glyph放入插槽face->glyph */
error = FT_Load_Glyph(face, glyph->index, FT_LOAD_DEFAULT);
if ( error )
continue;
/*所以我们要把glyph拷贝出来存在数组里glyph->image */
error = FT_Get_Glyph(face->glyph, &glyph->image );
if ( error )
continue;
/* translate the glyph image now */
/* 这使得glyph->image里含有位置信息 */
FT_Glyph_Transform(glyph->image, 0, &glyph->pos );
pen_x += slot->advance.x; /* 单位是1/64 point */
/* increment number of glyphs */
glyph++;
}
/* count number of glyphs loaded */
return (glyph - glyphs);
}
注意这里是 FT_LOAD_DEFAULT而不是FT_LOAD_RENDER,因为我们只要矢量数据不要位图:
error = FT_Load_Glyph(face, glyph->index, FT_LOAD_DEFAULT);
4、自定义函数compute_string_bbox()(得到整行字体的边框):
void compute_string_bbox(TGlyph glyphs[], FT_UInt num_glyphs, FT_BBox *abbox )
{
FT_BBox bbox;
int n;
bbox.xMin = bbox.yMin = 32000;
bbox.xMax = bbox.yMax = -32000;
for ( n = 0; n < num_glyphs; n++ )
{
FT_BBox glyph_bbox;
FT_Glyph_Get_CBox(glyphs[n].image, FT_GLYPH_BBOX_TRUNCATE, &glyph_bbox );
if (glyph_bbox.xMin < bbox.xMin)
bbox.xMin = glyph_bbox.xMin;
if (glyph_bbox.yMin < bbox.yMin)
bbox.yMin = glyph_bbox.yMin;
if (glyph_bbox.xMax > bbox.xMax)
bbox.xMax = glyph_bbox.xMax;
if (glyph_bbox.yMax > bbox.yMax)
bbox.yMax = glyph_bbox.yMax;
}
*abbox = bbox;
}
5、 通过调用Get_Glyphs_Frm_Wstr()和compute_string_bbox()得出边框:
num_glyphs = Get_Glyphs_Frm_Wstr(face, wstr1, glyphs);
compute_string_bbox(glyphs, num_glyphs, &bbox);
line_box_width = bbox.xMax - bbox.xMin;
line_box_height = bbox.yMax - bbox.yMin;
6、 完整代码如下:
#include <sys/mman.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <linux/fb.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <wchar.h>
#include <ft2build.h>
#include FT_FREETYPE_H
#include FT_GLYPH_H
typedef struct TGlyph_ {
FT_UInt index; /* glyph index */
FT_Vector pos; /* glyph origin on the baseline */
FT_Glyph image; /* glyph image */
} TGlyph, *PGlyph;
#define MAX_GLYPHS 100
int fd_fb;
struct fb_var_screeninfo var; /* Current var */
struct fb_fix_screeninfo fix; /* Current fix */
int screen_size;
unsigned char *fbmem;
unsigned int line_width;
unsigned int pixel_width;
/* color : 0x00RRGGBB */
void lcd_put_pixel(int x, int y, unsigned int color)
{
unsigned char *pen_8 = fbmem+y*line_width+x*pixel_width;
unsigned short *pen_16;
unsigned int *pen_32;
unsigned int red, green, blue;
pen_16 = (unsigned short *)pen_8;
pen_32 = (unsigned int *)pen_8;
switch (var.bits_per_pixel)
{
case 8:
{
*pen_8 = color;
break;
}
case 16:
{
/* 565 */
red = (color >> 16) & 0xff;
green = (color >> 8) & 0xff;
blue = (color >> 0) & 0xff;
color = ((red >> 3) << 11) | ((green >> 2) << 5) | (blue >> 3);
*pen_16 = color;
break;
}
case 32:
{
*pen_32 = color;
break;
}
default:
{
printf("can't surport %dbpp\n", var.bits_per_pixel);
break;
}
}
}
/* Replace this function with something useful. */
void
draw_bitmap( FT_Bitmap* bitmap,
FT_Int x,
FT_Int y)
{
FT_Int i, j, p, q;
FT_Int x_max = x + bitmap->width;
FT_Int y_max = y + bitmap->rows;
//printf("x = %d, y = %d\n", x, y);
for ( i = x, p = 0; i < x_max; i++, p++ )
{
for ( j = y, q = 0; j < y_max; j++, q++ )
{
if ( i < 0 || j < 0 ||
i >= var.xres || j >= var.yres )
continue;
//image[j][i] |= bitmap->buffer[q * bitmap->width + p];
lcd_put_pixel(i, j, bitmap->buffer[q * bitmap->width + p]);
}
}
}
int Get_Glyphs_Frm_Wstr(FT_Face face, wchar_t * wstr, TGlyph glyphs[])
{
int n;
PGlyph glyph = glyphs;
int pen_x = 0;
int pen_y = 0;
int error;
FT_GlyphSlot slot = face->glyph;;
for (n = 0; n < wcslen(wstr); n++)
{
glyph->index = FT_Get_Char_Index( face, wstr[n]);
/* store current pen position */
glyph->pos.x = pen_x;
glyph->pos.y = pen_y;
/* load时是把glyph放入插槽face->glyph */
error = FT_Load_Glyph(face, glyph->index, FT_LOAD_DEFAULT);
if ( error )
continue;
error = FT_Get_Glyph(face->glyph, &glyph->image );
if ( error )
continue;
/* translate the glyph image now */
/* 这使得glyph->image里含有位置信息 */
FT_Glyph_Transform(glyph->image, 0, &glyph->pos );
pen_x += slot->advance.x; /* 1/64 point */
/* increment number of glyphs */
glyph++;
}
/* count number of glyphs loaded */
return (glyph - glyphs);
}
void compute_string_bbox(TGlyph glyphs[], FT_UInt num_glyphs, FT_BBox *abbox )
{
FT_BBox bbox;
int n;
bbox.xMin = bbox.yMin = 32000;
bbox.xMax = bbox.yMax = -32000;
for ( n = 0; n < num_glyphs; n++ )
{
FT_BBox glyph_bbox;
FT_Glyph_Get_CBox(glyphs[n].image, FT_GLYPH_BBOX_TRUNCATE, &glyph_bbox );
if (glyph_bbox.xMin < bbox.xMin)
bbox.xMin = glyph_bbox.xMin;
if (glyph_bbox.yMin < bbox.yMin)
bbox.yMin = glyph_bbox.yMin;
if (glyph_bbox.xMax > bbox.xMax)
bbox.xMax = glyph_bbox.xMax;
if (glyph_bbox.yMax > bbox.yMax)
bbox.yMax = glyph_bbox.yMax;
}
*abbox = bbox;
}
void Draw_Glyphs(TGlyph glyphs[], FT_UInt num_glyphs, FT_Vector pen)
{
int n;
int error;
for (n = 0; n < num_glyphs; n++)
{
FT_Glyph_Transform(glyphs[n].image, 0, &pen);
/* convert glyph image to bitmap (destroy the glyph copy!) */
error = FT_Set_Transform( face, /* 目标face对象 */
&matrix, /* 指向2x2矩阵的指针,写0表示不旋转,使用正矩形 */
&delta ); /*字体坐标位置(用的笛卡尔坐标),以1/64像素为单位表示,写0表示原点是(0,0) */
error = FT_Glyph_To_Bitmap(&glyphs[n].image, FT_RENDER_MODE_NORMAL, 0, /* no additional translation */
1 ); /* 1代表把glyph销毁掉destroy copy in "image" */
if ( !error )
{
FT_BitmapGlyph bit = (FT_BitmapGlyph)glyphs[n].image;
draw_bitmap(&bit->bitmap, bit->left, var.yres - bit->top);
FT_Done_Glyph(glyphs[n].image ); //释放空间
}
}
}
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
wchar_t *wstr1 = L"百问网gif";
wchar_t *wstr2 = L"www.100ask.net";
FT_Library library;
FT_Face face;
int error;
FT_Vector pen;
FT_GlyphSlot slot;
int i;
FT_BBox bbox;
int line_box_ymin = 10000;
int line_box_ymax = 0;
int line_box_width;
int line_box_height;
TGlyph glyphs[MAX_GLYPHS]; /* glyphs table */
FT_UInt num_glyphs;
if (argc != 2)
{
printf("Usage : %s <font_file>\n", argv[0]);
return -1;
}
fd_fb = open("/dev/fb0", O_RDWR);
if (fd_fb < 0)
{
printf("can't open /dev/fb0\n");
return -1;
}
if (ioctl(fd_fb, FBIOGET_VSCREENINFO, &var))
{
printf("can't get var\n");
return -1;
}
if (ioctl(fd_fb, FBIOGET_FSCREENINFO, &fix))
{
printf("can't get fix\n");
return -1;
}
line_width = var.xres * var.bits_per_pixel / 8;
pixel_width = var.bits_per_pixel / 8;
screen_size = var.xres * var.yres * var.bits_per_pixel / 8;
fbmem = (unsigned char *)mmap(NULL , screen_size, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED, fd_fb, 0);
if (fbmem == (unsigned char *)-1)
{
printf("can't mmap\n");
return -1;
}
/* 清屏: 全部设为黑色 */
memset(fbmem, 0, screen_size);
/* 显示矢量字体 */
error = FT_Init_FreeType( &library ); /* initialize library */
/* error handling omitted */
error = FT_New_Face( library, argv[1], 0, &face ); /* create face object */
/* error handling omitted */
slot = face->glyph;
FT_Set_Pixel_Sizes(face, 24, 0);
/* wstr1 */
num_glyphs = Get_Glyphs_Frm_Wstr(face, wstr1, glyphs);
compute_string_bbox(glyphs, num_glyphs, &bbox);
line_box_width = bbox.xMax - bbox.xMin;
line_box_height = bbox.yMax - bbox.yMin;
pen.x = (var.xres - line_box_width)/2 * 64;
pen.y = (var.yres - line_box_height)/2 * 64;
Draw_Glyphs(glyphs, num_glyphs, pen);
/* wstr2 */
num_glyphs = Get_Glyphs_Frm_Wstr(face, wstr2, glyphs);
compute_string_bbox(glyphs, num_glyphs, &bbox);
line_box_width = bbox.xMax - bbox.xMin;
line_box_height = bbox.yMax - bbox.yMin;
pen.x = (var.xres - line_box_width)/2 * 64;
pen.y = pen.y - 24 * 64;
Draw_Glyphs(glyphs, num_glyphs, pen);
return 0;
}