c++11 标准模板（STL）本地化库 - 平面类别 （std::time_get_byname） 表示系统提供的具名本地环境的 std::time_get

本地化库

本地环境设施包含字符分类和字符串校对、数值、货币及日期/时间格式化和分析，以及消息取得的国际化支持。本地环境设置控制流 I/O 、正则表达式库和 C++ 标准库的其他组件的行为。

平面类别

表示系统提供的具名本地环境的 std::time_get

std::time_get_byname

template<     class CharT,     class InputIterator = std::istreambuf_iterator<CharT> > class time_get_byname : public std::time_get<CharT, InputIterator>

std::time_get_byname 是 std::time_get 平面，封装在其构造时指定的 locale 的日期和时间分析规则。

标准库提供二个特化

定义于头文件 <locale>
std::time_get_byname<char, InputIterator>	窄/多字节时间分析
std::time_get_byname<wchar_t, InputIterator>	宽字符串时间分析

成员类型

成员类型	定义
char_type	CharT
iter_type	OutputIterator

成员函数

(构造函数)	构造新的 time_get_byname 平面 (公开成员函数)
(析构函数)	析构 time_get_byname 平面 (受保护成员函数)

std::time_get_byname::time_get_byname

explicit time_get_byname( const char* name, std::size_t refs = 0 );
explicit time_get_byname( const std::string& name, std::size_t refs = 0 );		(C++11 起)

为名为 name 的本地环境构造新的 std::time_get_byname 平面。

refs 用于资源管理：在销毁最后一个保有平面的 std::locale 对象时，若 refs == 0 ，则实现销毁平面对象。否则，不销毁对象。

参数

name	-	本地环境的名称
refs	-	链接到该平面的引用数

std::time_get_byname::~time_get_byname

protected: ~time_get_byname();

销毁平面。

继承自 std::time_get

成员类型	定义
char_type	CharT
iter_type	InputIt

成员对象

成员名	类型
id [静态]	std::locale::id

成员函数

date_order	调用 do_date_order (std::time_get<CharT,InputIt> 的公开成员函数)
get_time	调用 do_get_time (std::time_get<CharT,InputIt> 的公开成员函数)
get_date	调用 do_get_date (std::time_get<CharT,InputIt> 的公开成员函数)
get_weekday	调用 do_get_weekday (std::time_get<CharT,InputIt> 的公开成员函数)
get_monthname	调用 do_get_monthname (std::time_get<CharT,InputIt> 的公开成员函数)
get_year	调用 do_get_year (std::time_get<CharT,InputIt> 的公开成员函数)
get (C++11)	调用 do_get (std::time_get<CharT,InputIt> 的公开成员函数)

受保护成员函数

do_date_order [虚]	获得偏好的日、月、年顺序 (std::time_get<CharT,InputIt> 的虚受保护成员函数)
do_get_time [虚]	从输入流释出时、分、秒 (std::time_get<CharT,InputIt> 的虚受保护成员函数)
do_get_date [虚]	从输入流输出月、日以及年 (std::time_get<CharT,InputIt> 的虚受保护成员函数)
do_get_weekday [虚]	从输入流释出星期的日名 (std::time_get<CharT,InputIt> 的虚受保护成员函数)
do_get_monthname [虚]	从输入流释出月名 (std::time_get<CharT,InputIt> 的虚受保护成员函数)
do_get_year [虚]	从输入流释出年份 (std::time_get<CharT,InputIt> 的虚受保护成员函数)
do_get [虚] (C++11)	从输入流释出日期/时间组分，按照指定格式 (std::time_get<CharT,InputIt> 的虚受保护成员函数)

继承自 std::time_base

类型	定义
dateorder	日期顺序枚举类型，定义值 no_order 、 dmy 、 mdy 、 ymd 及 ydm

调用示例 windows

#include <iostream>
#include <sstream>
#include <locale>
#include <iomanip>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
#include <iterator>
#include <Windows.h>

std::vector<std::wstring> locals;

BOOL CALLBACK MyFuncLocaleEx(LPWSTR pStr, DWORD dwFlags, LPARAM lparam)
{
    locals.push_back(pStr);
    return TRUE;
}

std::string stows(const std::wstring& ws)
{
    std::string curLocale = setlocale(LC_ALL, NULL); // curLocale = "C";
    setlocale(LC_ALL, "chs");
    const wchar_t* _Source = ws.c_str();
    size_t _Dsize = 2 * ws.size() + 1;
    char *_Dest = new char[_Dsize];
    memset(_Dest, 0, _Dsize);
    wcstombs(_Dest, _Source, _Dsize);
    std::string result = _Dest;
    delete[]_Dest;
    setlocale(LC_ALL, curLocale.c_str());
    return result;
}

int main()
{
    EnumSystemLocalesEx(MyFuncLocaleEx, LOCALE_ALTERNATE_SORTS, NULL, NULL);

    for (std::vector<std::wstring>::const_iterator str = locals.begin();
            str != locals.end(); ++str)
    {
        std::istringstream istringstream("2024-05-01 23:12:34");
        istringstream.imbue(std::locale(stows(*str)));
        std::cout << "The locale " << istringstream.getloc().name() << ' ';

        auto& use_facet = std::use_facet<std::time_get_byname<char>>(istringstream.getloc());
        std::tm tm{};
        std::string string = "%Y-%M-%d %H:%M:%S";
        std::ios_base::iostate err = std::ios_base::goodbit;
        auto ret = use_facet.get({istringstream}, {}, istringstream, err,
                                 &tm, &string[0], &string[0] + string.size());
        istringstream.setstate(err);

        std::istreambuf_iterator<char> last{};
        if (istringstream)
        {
            std::cout << "Successfully parsed as " << std::put_time(&tm, "%c");
            if (ret != last)
            {
                std::cout << " Remaining content: ";
                std::copy(ret, last, std::ostreambuf_iterator<char>(std::cout));
            }
            else
            {
                std::cout << " The input was fully consumed";
            }
        }
        else
        {
            std::cout << "Parse failed. Unparsed string: ";
            std::copy(ret, last, std::ostreambuf_iterator<char>(std::cout));
        }
        std::cout << std::endl;

    }

    return 0;
}

输出

The locale de-DE_phoneb Successfully parsed as 01/01/24 23:12:34 The input was fully consumed
The locale es-ES_tradnl Successfully parsed as 01/01/24 23:12:34 The input was fully consumed
The locale hu-HU_technl Successfully parsed as 01/01/24 23:12:34 The input was fully consumed
The locale ja-JP_radstr Successfully parsed as 01/01/24 23:12:34 The input was fully consumed
The locale ka-GE_modern Successfully parsed as 01/01/24 23:12:34 The input was fully consumed
The locale x-IV_mathan Successfully parsed as 01/01/24 23:12:34 The input was fully consumed
The locale zh-CN_phoneb Successfully parsed as 01/01/24 23:12:34 The input was fully consumed
The locale zh-CN_stroke Successfully parsed as 01/01/24 23:12:34 The input was fully consumed
The locale zh-HK_radstr Successfully parsed as 01/01/24 23:12:34 The input was fully consumed
The locale zh-MO_radstr Successfully parsed as 01/01/24 23:12:34 The input was fully consumed
The locale zh-MO_stroke Successfully parsed as 01/01/24 23:12:34 The input was fully consumed
The locale zh-SG_phoneb Successfully parsed as 01/01/24 23:12:34 The input was fully consumed
The locale zh-SG_stroke Successfully parsed as 01/01/24 23:12:34 The input was fully consumed
The locale zh-TW_pronun Successfully parsed as 01/01/24 23:12:34 The input was fully consumed
The locale zh-TW_radstr Successfully parsed as 01/01/24 23:12:34 The input was fully consumed