线性运算案例
向量运算案例
求曲面方程
求平面方程
1、
2、
3、
4、
5、
6、
7、
8、
9、
10、
11、
12、
13、
14、
15、
16、
17、
18、
19、
20、
21、
22、
23、
24、
25、
26、
27、
28、
29、
30、
31、
32、
33、
34、
35、
36、
37、
38、
39、
40、
41、
42、
43、
44、
45、
46、
47、1.在假设检验问题中,犯第一类错误的概率
a
l
p
h
a
alpha
alpha的意义是()
A.在
H
(
0
)
H_(0)
H(0) 不成立的条件下,经检验
H
(
0
)
H_(0)
H(0) 被拒绝的概率
B.在
H
(
0
)
H_(0)
H(0) 不成立的条件下,经检验
H
(
0
)
H_(0)
H(0) 被接受的概率
C.在
H
(
0
)
H_(0)
H(0) 成立的条件下,经检验
H
(
0
)
H_(0)
H(0) 被拒绝的概率
D.在
H
(
0
)
H_(0)
H(0) 成立的条件下,经检验
H
(
0
)
H_(0)
H(0) 被接受的概率
答案: c
2.设总体
X
N
(
m
u
,
s
i
g
m
a
(
2
)
)
X~N(mu,sigma^(2))
X N(mu,sigma(2)) ,
s
i
g
m
a
(
2
)
sigma^(2)
sigma(2) 未知,
b
a
r
X
barX
barX 为样本均值,
S
(
n
)
(
2
)
=
1
/
n
s
u
m
(
i
=
1
)
(
n
)
(
X
(
i
)
−
b
a
r
X
)
(
2
)
S_(n)^(2)=1/nsum_(i=1)^(n)(X_(i)- barX)^(2)
S(n)(2)=1/nsum(i=1)(n)(X(i)−barX)(2) ,
S
(
2
)
=
1
/
(
n
−
1
)
s
u
m
(
i
=
1
)
(
n
)
(
X
(
i
)
−
b
a
r
X
)
(
2
)
S^(2)=1/(n-1)sum_(i=1)^(n)(X_(i)-barX)^(2)
S(2)=1/(n−1)sum(i=1)(n)(X(i)−barX)(2) ,检验假设
H
(
0
)
:
m
u
=
m
u
(
0
)
H_(0):mu=mu_(0)
H(0):mu=mu(0) 时采用的统计量是()
A.
Z
=
(
b
a
r
X
−
m
u
(
0
)
)
/
(
s
i
g
m
a
/
/
s
q
r
t
(
n
)
)
Z=(barX-mu_(0))/(sigma//sqrt(n))
Z=(barX−mu(0))/(sigma//sqrt(n))
B.
T
=
(
b
a
r
X
−
m
u
(
0
)
)
/
(
S
(
n
)
/
/
s
q
r
t
(
n
)
)
T=(barX-mu_(0))/(S_(n)//sqrt(n))
T=(barX−mu(0))/(S(n)//sqrt(n))
C.
T
=
(
b
a
r
X
−
m
u
(
0
)
)
/
(
S
/
/
s
q
r
t
(
n
)
)
T=(barX-mu_(0))/(S//sqrt(n))
T=(barX−mu(0))/(S//sqrt(n))
D.
T
=
(
b
a
r
X
−
m
u
(
0
)
)
/
(
s
i
g
m
a
/
/
s
q
r
t
(
n
)
)
T=(barX-mu_(0))/(sigma//sqrt(n))
T=(barX−mu(0))/(sigma//sqrt(n))
答案: c
答案要点:
t
t
t检验
3.某种电子元件的使用寿命
X
X
X(单位:小时)的概率密度为
f
(
x
)
=
(
100
/
x
(
2
)
,
x
>
=
100
)
,
(
0
,
x
<
100
)
:
f(x)={(100/x^(2),x>=100),(0,x<100):}
f(x)=(100/x(2),x>=100),(0,x<100): 任取一只电子元件,则它的使用寿命在
150
150
150小时以内的概率为()
A.
1
/
4
1/4
1/4
B.
1
/
3
1/3
1/3
C.
1
/
2
1/2
1/2
D.
2
/
3
2/3
2/3
答案: b
答案要点:
P
(
X
<
=
150
)
=
i
n
t
(
−
o
o
)
(
150
)
f
(
x
)
d
x
=
i
n
t
(
100
)
(
150
)
100
/
x
(
2
)
d
x
=
100
x
x
(
−
1
/
x
)
∣
(
100
)
(
150
)
=
1
/
3
P(X<=150)=int_(-oo)^(150)f(x)dx=int_(100)^(150)100/x^(2)dx=100xx(-1/x)|_(100)^(150)=1/3
P(X<=150)=int(−oo)(150)f(x)dx=int(100)(150)100/x(2)dx=100xx(−1/x)∣(100)(150)=1/3
4.设随机变量
X
N
(
1
,
4
)
X~N(1,4)
X N(1,4) ,
Y
=
2
X
+
1
Y=2X+1
Y=2X+1 ,则
Y
Y
Y 所服从的分布为()
A.
N
(
3
,
4
)
N(3,4)
N(3,4)
B.
N
(
3
,
8
)
N(3,8)
N(3,8)
C.
N
(
3
,
16
)
N(3,16)
N(3,16)
D.
N
(
3
,
17
)
N(3,17)
N(3,17)
答案: C
答案要点:
E
(
2
X
+
1
)
=
2
E
(
X
)
+
1
=
2
x
x
1
+
1
=
3
E(2X+1)=2E(X)+1=2xx1+1=3
E(2X+1)=2E(X)+1=2xx1+1=3
D
(
2
X
+
1
)
=
4
D
(
X
)
=
16
D(2X+1)=4 D(X)=16
D(2X+1)=4D(X)=16
5.已知随机变量
X
X
X 服从参数为
l
a
m
b
d
a
lambda
lambda 的泊松分布,且
P
X
=
0
=
e
(
−
1
)
P{X=0}=e^(-1)
PX=0=e(−1) ,则
l
a
m
b
d
a
=
lambda=
lambda=()
A.
0
0
0
B.
1
1
1
C.
2
2
2
D.
3
3
3
答案: B
答案要点:
P
(
X
=
k
)
=
l
a
m
b
d
a
(
k
)
/
(
K
!
)
e
(
−
l
a
m
b
d
a
)
,
k
=
0
,
1
,
2
⋯
P(X=k)=lambda^(k)/(K!)e^(- lambda),k=0,1,2 ⋯
P(X=k)=lambda(k)/(K!)e(−lambda),k=0,1,2⋯
根据
P
(
X
=
0
)
=
l
a
m
b
d
a
(
0
)
/
(
0
!
)
e
(
−
l
a
m
b
d
a
)
=
e
(
−
l
a
m
b
d
a
)
=
e
(
−
1
)
,
l
a
m
b
d
a
=
1
P(X=0)=lambda^(0)/(0!)e^(-lambda)=e^(-lambda)=e^(-1),lambda=1
P(X=0)=lambda(0)/(0!)e(−lambda)=e(−lambda)=e(−1),lambda=1
6.设
X
(
1
)
,
X
(
2
)
,
⋯
X
(
n
)
X_(1),X_(2), ⋯ X_(n)
X(1),X(2),⋯X(n) 为正态总体
N
(
m
u
,
s
i
g
m
a
(
2
)
)
N(mu,sigma^(2))
N(mu,sigma(2)) 的样本,记
S
(
2
)
=
1
/
(
n
−
1
)
s
u
m
(
i
=
1
)
(
n
)
(
x
(
i
)
−
b
a
r
x
)
(
2
)
S^(2)=1/(n-1)sum_(i=1)^(n)(x_(i)-barx)^(2)
S(2)=1/(n−1)sum(i=1)(n)(x(i)−barx)(2) ,
则下列选项中正确的是()
A.
(
(
n
−
1
)
S
(
2
)
)
/
s
i
g
m
a
(
2
)
c
h
i
(
2
)
(
n
−
1
)
((n-1)S^(2))/sigma^(2)~chi^(2)(n-1)
((n−1)S(2))/sigma(2) chi(2)(n−1)
B.
(
(
n
−
1
)
S
(
2
)
)
/
s
i
g
m
a
(
2
)
c
h
i
(
2
)
(
n
)
((n-1)S^(2))/sigma^(2)~chi^(2)(n)
((n−1)S(2))/sigma(2) chi(2)(n)
C.
(
n
−
1
)
S
(
2
)
c
h
i
(
2
)
(
n
−
1
)
(n-1)S^(2)~chi^(2)(n-1)
(n−1)S(2) chi(2)(n−1)
D.
S
(
2
)
/
s
i
g
m
a
(
2
)
c
h
i
(
2
)
(
n
−
1
)
S^(2)/sigma^(2)~chi^(2)(n-1)
S(2)/sigma(2) chi(2)(n−1)
答案: a
答案要点: 教材 140页的定理 6-4
7.设总体
X
~
N
(
m
u
,
s
i
g
m
a
2
)
,
X
1
,
X
2
,
⋯
,
X
1
0
X ~N(mu,sigma^2) ,X_1 ,X_2, ⋯,X_10
X~N(mu,sigma2),X1,X2,⋯,X10 为来自总体
X
X
X 的样本,
b
a
r
X
barX
barX 为样本均值,则
b
a
r
X
barX
barX ~
()
A.
N
(
m
u
,
10
s
i
g
m
a
2
)
N(mu,10sigma^2)
N(mu,10sigma2)
B.
N
(
m
u
,
s
i
g
m
a
2
)
N(mu,sigma^2)
N(mu,sigma2)
C.
N
(
m
u
,
s
i
g
m
a
2
/
10
)
N(mu,sigma^2/10)
N(mu,sigma2/10)
D.
N
(
m
u
,
s
i
g
m
a
2
/
s
q
r
t
10
)
N(mu,sigma^2/sqrt10)
N(mu,sigma2/sqrt10)
答案: C
答案要点: 设
x
1
,
x
2
,
⋯
,
x
n
x_1,x_2, ⋯,x_n
x1,x2,⋯,xn是来自某个总体
X
X
X 的样本,
b
a
r
X
barX
barX 为样本均值。
若总体分布为
N
(
m
u
,
s
i
g
m
a
2
)
N(mu,sigma^2)
N(mu,sigma2) ,则
b
a
r
X
barX
barX 的精确分布为
N
(
m
u
,
s
i
g
m
a
2
/
n
)
N(mu,sigma^2/n)
N(mu,sigma2/n)
8.设随机变量
X
~
N
(
m
u
,
2
2
)
X ~N(mu, 2^2)
X~N(mu,22),
Y
~
c
h
i
2
(
n
)
Y~ chi^2(n)
Y~chi2(n) ,
T
=
(
X
−
m
u
)
/
(
2
s
q
r
t
Y
)
s
q
r
t
n
T=(X-mu)/(2sqrtY)sqrtn
T=(X−mu)/(2sqrtY)sqrtn ,则
T
T
T 服从自由度为()的
t
t
t分布。
A.2
B.4
C.n
D.n-1
答案: c
答案要点:
(
X
−
m
u
)
/
2
(X-mu)/2
(X−mu)/2 对
X
X
X 标准化了,所以
(
X
−
m
u
)
/
2
~
N
(
0
,
1
)
(X-mu)/2 ~N(0,1)
(X−mu)/2~N(0,1),则根据教材 139 页定义 6-8,有
T
T
T服从自由度
为
n
n
n的
t
t
t分布。
9.设总体
X
N
(
m
u
,
1
)
X~ N(mu,1)
X N(mu,1) ,
(
x
(
1
)
,
x
(
2
)
,
x
(
3
)
)
(x_(1),x_(2),x_(3))
(x(1),x(2),x(3)) 为其样本,若估计量
h
a
t
m
u
=
1
/
2
x
(
1
)
+
1
/
3
x
(
2
)
+
k
x
(
3
)
hatmu=1/2x_(1)+1/3x_(2)+kx_(3)
hatmu=1/2x(1)+1/3x(2)+kx(3) 为
m
u
mu
mu的无偏估计量,则
k
=
k=
k=()
A.
1
/
6
1/6
1/6
B.
1
/
2
1/2
1/2
C.
1
/
3
1/3
1/3
D.
5
/
6
5/6
5/6
答案: a
答案要点:
E
h
a
t
m
u
=
E
(
1
/
2
x
(
1
)
+
1
/
3
x
(
2
)
+
k
x
(
3
)
)
=
E
(
1
/
2
x
(
1
)
)
+
E
(
1
/
3
x
(
2
)
)
+
E
(
k
x
(
3
)
)
Ehatmu=E(1/2x_(1)+1/3x_(2)+kx_(3))=E(1/2x_(1))+E(1/3x_(2))+E(kx_(3))
Ehatmu=E(1/2x(1)+1/3x(2)+kx(3))=E(1/2x(1))+E(1/3x(2))+E(kx(3))
=
1
/
2
E
(
x
(
1
)
)
+
1
/
3
E
(
x
(
2
)
)
+
k
E
(
x
(
3
)
)
=
(
1
/
2
+
1
/
3
+
k
)
u
=1/2E(x_(1))+1/3E(x_(2))+kE(x_(3))=(1/2+1/3+k)u
=1/2E(x(1))+1/3E(x(2))+kE(x(3))=(1/2+1/3+k)u
(
1
/
2
+
1
/
3
+
k
)
u
=
u
(1/2+1/3+k)u=u
(1/2+1/3+k)u=u
1
/
2
+
1
/
3
+
k
=
1
1/2+1/3+k=1
1/2+1/3+k=1
k
=
1
/
6
k=1/6
k=1/6
10.设总体
X
N
(
m
u
,
s
i
g
m
a
(
2
)
)
,
X
(
1
)
,
X
(
2
)
,
⋯
,
X
(
n
)
X~N(mu,sigma^(2)),X_(1),X_(2), ⋯ ,X_(n)
X N(mu,sigma(2)),X(1),X(2),⋯,X(n) 为来自总体
X
X
X的样本,
m
u
,
s
i
g
m
a
(
2
)
mu,sigma^(2)
mu,sigma(2) 均未知,则
s
i
g
m
a
(
2
)
sigma^(2)
sigma(2) 的无偏估计是()
A.
1
/
(
n
−
1
)
s
u
m
(
i
=
1
)
(
n
)
(
X
(
i
)
−
b
a
r
X
)
(
2
)
1/(n-1)sum_(i=1)^(n)(X_(i)-barX)^(2)
1/(n−1)sum(i=1)(n)(X(i)−barX)(2)
B.
1
/
(
n
−
1
)
s
u
m
(
i
=
1
)
(
n
)
(
X
(
i
)
−
m
u
)
(
2
)
1/(n-1)sum_(i=1)^(n)(X_(i)-mu)^(2)
1/(n−1)sum(i=1)(n)(X(i)−mu)(2)
C.
1
/
n
s
u
m
(
i
=
1
)
(
n
)
(
X
(
i
)
−
b
a
r
X
)
(
2
)
1/nsum_(i=1)^(n)(X_(i)-barX)^(2)
1/nsum(i=1)(n)(X(i)−barX)(2)
D.
1
/
(
n
+
1
)
s
u
m
(
i
=
1
)
(
n
)
(
X
(
i
)
−
m
u
)
(
2
)
1/(n+1)sum_(i=1)^(n)(X_(i)-mu)^(2)
1/(n+1)sum(i=1)(n)(X(i)−mu)(2)
答案: a
答案要点: 135 页定理 6-2 的证明中找到:
E
(
s
u
m
(
i
=
1
)
(
n
)
(
x
(
i
)
−
b
a
r
x
)
(
2
)
)
=
(
n
−
1
)
s
i
g
m
a
(
2
)
E(sum_(i=1)^(n)(x_(i)-barx)^(2))=(n-1)sigma^(2)
E(sum(i=1)(n)(x(i)−barx)(2))=(n−1)sigma(2)
将上式两边除以
n
n
n,即得
E
S
(
n
)
(
2
)
=
(
n
−
1
)
/
n
s
i
g
m
a
(
2
)
s
t
a
c
k
r
e
l
(
−
>
)
(
n
−
>
o
o
)
s
i
g
m
a
(
2
)
ES_(n)^(2)=(n-1)/nsigma^(2)stackrel(->)(n->oo)sigma^(2)
ES(n)(2)=(n−1)/nsigma(2)stackrel(−>)(n−>oo)sigma(2)
11.设总体
X
N
(
m
u
,
s
i
g
m
a
(
2
)
)
X~N(mu,sigma^(2))
X N(mu,sigma(2)) ,其中
m
u
mu
mu未知,
x
(
1
)
,
x
(
2
)
,
x
(
3
)
,
x
(
4
)
x_(1),x_(2),x_(3),x_(4)
x(1),x(2),x(3),x(4) 为来自总体
X
X
X 的一个样本,则以下关于
m
u
mu
mu的四个估计:
h
a
t
m
u
(
1
)
=
1
/
4
(
x
(
1
)
+
x
(
2
)
+
x
(
3
)
+
x
(
4
)
)
hatmu_(1)=1/4(x_(1)+x_(2)+x_(3)+x_(4))
hatmu(1)=1/4(x(1)+x(2)+x(3)+x(4)) ,
h
a
t
m
u
(
2
)
=
1
/
5
x
(
1
)
+
1
/
5
x
(
2
)
+
1
/
5
x
(
3
)
hatmu_(2)=1/5x_(1)+1/5x_(2)+1/5x_(3)
hatmu(2)=1/5x(1)+1/5x(2)+1/5x(3) ,
h
a
t
m
u
(
3
)
=
1
/
6
x
(
1
)
+
2
/
6
x
(
2
)
hatmu_(3)=1/6x_(1)+2/6x_(2)
hatmu(3)=1/6x(1)+2/6x(2) ,
h
a
t
m
u
(
4
)
=
1
/
7
x
(
1
)
hatmu_(4)=1/7x_(1)
hatmu(4)=1/7x(1) 中,哪一个是无偏估计?()
A.
h
a
t
m
u
(
1
)
hatmu_(1)
hatmu(1)
B.
h
a
t
m
u
(
2
)
hatmu_(2)
hatmu(2)
C.
h
a
t
m
u
(
3
)
hatmu_(3)
hatmu(3)
D.
h
a
t
m
u
(
4
)
hatmu_(4)
hatmu(4)
答案: a
答案要点:
E
(
h
a
t
m
u
(
1
)
)
=
E
[
1
/
4
(
x
(
1
)
+
x
(
2
)
+
x
(
3
)
+
x
(
4
)
)
]
E(hatmu_(1))=E[1/4(x_(1)+x_(2)+x_(3)+x_(4))]
E(hatmu(1))=E[1/4(x(1)+x(2)+x(3)+x(4))]
=
1
/
4
[
E
(
x
(
1
)
)
+
E
(
x
(
2
)
)
+
E
(
x
(
3
)
)
+
E
(
x
(
4
)
)
]
=
1
/
4
[
m
u
+
m
u
+
m
u
+
m
u
]
=
m
u
=1/4[E(x_(1))+E(x_(2))+E(x_(3))+E(x_(4))]=1/4[mu+mu+mu+mu]=mu
=1/4[E(x(1))+E(x(2))+E(x(3))+E(x(4))]=1/4[mu+mu+mu+mu]=mu
12.设二维随机变量
(
X
,
Y
)
(X,Y)
(X,Y) 的联合分布如下图,则
P
X
Y
=
0
=
P{XY=0}=
PXY=0= ()
A.
1
/
4
1/4
1/4
B.
5
/
12
5/12
5/12
C.
3
/
4
3/4
3/4
D.
1
1
1
答案: c
答案要点:
X
Y
=
0
=
X
=
0
,
Y
=
0
+
X
=
0
,
Y
=
5
+
X
=
2
,
Y
=
0
{XY=0}={X=0,Y=0}+{X=0,Y=5}+{X=2,Y=0}
XY=0=X=0,Y=0+X=0,Y=5+X=2,Y=0
所以
P
X
Y
=
0
=
P
X
=
0
,
Y
=
0
+
P
X
=
0
,
Y
=
5
+
P
X
=
2
,
Y
=
0
=
1
/
4
+
1
/
6
+
1
/
3
=
3
/
4
P{XY=0}=P{X=0,Y=0}+P{X=0,Y=5}+P{X=2,Y=0}=1/4+1/6+1/3=3/4
PXY=0=PX=0,Y=0+PX=0,Y=5+PX=2,Y=0=1/4+1/6+1/3=3/4
13.设二维随机变量
(
X
,
Y
)
(X,Y)
(X,Y) 的联合分布列如下图所示,若
X
X
X与
Y
Y
Y 独立,则()
A.
a
l
p
h
a
=
2
/
9
,
b
e
t
a
=
1
/
9
alpha=2/9 ,beta=1/9
alpha=2/9,beta=1/9
B.
a
l
p
h
a
=
1
/
9
,
b
e
t
a
=
2
/
9
alpha=1/9 ,beta=2/9
alpha=1/9,beta=2/9
C.
a
l
p
h
a
=
1
/
6
,
b
e
t
a
=
1
/
6
alpha=1/6 ,beta=1/6
alpha=1/6,beta=1/6
D.
a
l
p
h
a
=
5
/
18
,
b
e
t
a
=
1
/
18
alpha=5/18 ,beta=1/18
alpha=5/18,beta=1/18
答案: a
答案要点:
(
1
/
6
+
1
/
9
+
1
/
18
+
1
/
3
+
a
l
p
h
a
+
b
e
t
a
=
1
)
,
(
P
(
X
=
2
,
Y
=
1
)
=
1
/
9
=
P
(
X
=
2
)
P
(
Y
=
1
)
=
(
1
/
9
+
a
l
p
h
a
)
(
1
/
6
+
1
/
9
+
1
/
18
)
)
:
{(1/6+1/9+1/18+1/3+alpha+beta=1),(P(X=2,Y=1)=1/9=P(X=2)P(Y=1)=(1/9+alpha)(1/6+1/9+1/18)):}
(1/6+1/9+1/18+1/3+alpha+beta=1),(P(X=2,Y=1)=1/9=P(X=2)P(Y=1)=(1/9+alpha)(1/6+1/9+1/18)):
=
>
(
a
l
p
h
a
=
2
/
9
)
,
(
b
e
t
a
=
1
/
9
)
:
=>{(alpha=2/9),(beta=1/9):}
=>(alpha=2/9),(beta=1/9):
14.设二维随机变量
(
X
,
Y
)
(X ,Y)
(X,Y) 的概率密度为
f
(
x
,
y
)
=
(
1
/
4
,
−
1
<
=
x
<
=
1
,
−
1
<
=
y
<
=
1
)
,
(
0
,
其
他
)
:
f(x,y)={(1/4 ,-1 <= x <= 1 ,-1 <= y <= 1),(0 ,其他 ):}
f(x,y)=(1/4,−1<=x<=1,−1<=y<=1),(0,其他): ,则
P
0
<
=
X
<
=
1
,
0
<
=
Y
<
=
1
P{0 <= X <=1,0 <= Y <=1}
P0<=X<=1,0<=Y<=1= ()
A.
1
/
9
1/9
1/9
B.
1
/
4
1/4
1/4
C.
1
/
6
1/6
1/6
D.
1
/
2
1/2
1/2
答案: B
答案要点:
P
0
<
=
X
<
=
1
,
0
<
=
Y
<
=
1
=
i
n
t
0
1
i
n
t
0
1
f
(
x
,
y
)
d
x
d
y
=
i
n
t
0
1
i
n
t
0
1
1
/
4
d
x
d
y
=
1
/
4
P{0 <= X <= 1,0 <= Y <= 1}=int_0^1int_0^1f(x,y)dxdy=int_0^1int_0^1 1/4dxdy=1/4
P0<=X<=1,0<=Y<=1=int01int01f(x,y)dxdy=int01int011/4dxdy=1/4
15.设随机变量
(
X
,
Y
)
(X,Y)
(X,Y) 的概率密度为
f
(
x
,
y
)
=
(
x
y
,
0
<
=
x
<
=
1
;
0
<
=
y
<
=
2
)
,
(
0
,
其
他
)
:
f(x,y)={(xy,0<=x<=1;0<=y<=2),(0, 其他 ):}
f(x,y)=(xy,0<=x<=1;0<=y<=2),(0,其他): ,则
X
X
X的边缘概率密度()
A.
f
(
x
)
(
X
)
=
(
2
,
0
<
=
x
<
=
1
)
,
(
0
,
其
他
)
:
f_(x)(X)={(2,0<=x<=1),(0, 其他 ):}
f(x)(X)=(2,0<=x<=1),(0,其他):
B.
f
(
x
)
(
X
)
=
(
0
,
0
<
=
x
<
=
1
)
,
(
2
x
,
其
他
)
:
f_(x)(X)={(0,0<=x<=1),(2x, 其他 ):}
f(x)(X)=(0,0<=x<=1),(2x,其他):
C.
f
(
x
)
(
X
)
=
(
x
,
0
<
=
x
<
=
1
)
,
(
0
,
其
他
)
:
f_(x)(X)={(x,0<=x<=1),(0, 其他 ):}
f(x)(X)=(x,0<=x<=1),(0,其他):
D.
f
(
x
)
(
X
)
=
(
2
x
,
0
<
=
x
<
=
1
)
,
(
0
,
其
他
)
:
f_(x)(X)={(2x,0<=x<=1),(0, 其他 ):}
f(x)(X)=(2x,0<=x<=1),(0,其他):
答案: D
答案要点: 当
0
<
=
x
<
=
1
0<=x<=1
0<=x<=1 时
f
(
x
)
(
X
)
=
i
n
t
(
−
o
o
)
(
+
o
o
)
f
(
x
,
y
)
d
x
d
y
=
i
n
t
(
0
)
(
2
)
x
y
d
y
=
2
x
f_(x)(X)=int_(-oo)^(+oo)f(x,y)dxdy=int_(0)^(2)xydy=2x
f(x)(X)=int(−oo)(+oo)f(x,y)dxdy=int(0)(2)xydy=2x
其他
f
(
x
)
(
X
)
=
0
f_(x)(X)=0
f(x)(X)=0
所以,
f
(
x
)
(
X
)
=
(
2
x
,
0
<
=
x
<
=
1
)
,
(
0
,
其
他
)
:
f_(x)(X)={(2x,0<=x<=1),(0, 其他 ):}
f(x)(X)=(2x,0<=x<=1),(0,其他):
16.设随机变量
X
X
X 的分布律如下图所示,且
Y
=
X
(
2
)
Y=X^(2)
Y=X(2) ,记随机变量
Y
Y
Y的分布函数为
F
(
Y
)
(
y
)
F_(Y)(y)
F(Y)(y) ,则
F
(
Y
)
(
3
)
=
F_(Y)(3)=
F(Y)(3)= ()
A.
9
/
16
9/16
9/16
B.
7
/
16
7/16
7/16
C.
1
/
16
1/16
1/16
D.
3
/
8
3/8
3/8
答案: a
答案要点:
F
(
Y
)
(
y
)
=
(
0
,
x
<
0
)
,
(
3
/
8
,
0
<
=
x
<
1
)
,
(
9
/
16
,
1
<
=
x
<
4
)
,
(
1
,
x
>
=
4
)
:
F_(Y)(y)={(0,x<0),(3/8,0<=x<1),(9/16,1<=x<4),(1,x>=4):}
F(Y)(y)=(0,x<0),(3/8,0<=x<1),(9/16,1<=x<4),(1,x>=4):
F
(
Y
)
(
3
)
=
3
/
8
+
3
/
16
=
9
/
16
F_(Y)(3)=3/8+3/16=9/16
F(Y)(3)=3/8+3/16=9/16
17.已知随机变量
X
X
X 服从参数为
2
2
2的指数分布,则随机变量
X
X
X 的期望为()
A.
−
1
/
2
-1/2
−1/2
B.
0
0
0
C.
1
/
2
1/2
1/2
D.
2
2
2
答案: c
答案要点: 指数分布的期望为参数的倒数
18.设随机变量
X
X
X 与
Y
Y
Y 相互独立,且
X
B
(
36
,
1
/
6
)
X~B(36,1/6)
X B(36,1/6) ,
Y
B
(
12
,
1
/
3
)
Y~B(12,1/3)
Y B(12,1/3) ,则
D
(
X
−
Y
+
1
)
=
D(X-Y+1)=
D(X−Y+1)= ()
A.
4
/
3
4/3
4/3
B.
7
/
3
7/3
7/3
C.
23
/
3
23/3
23/3
D.
26
/
3
26/3
26/3
答案: c
答案要点:
D
(
X
−
Y
+
1
)
=
D
(
X
)
+
D
(
Y
)
=
36
x
x
1
/
6
x
x
5
/
6
+
12
x
x
1
/
3
x
x
2
/
3
=
23
/
3
D(X-Y+1)=D(X)+D(Y)=36xx1/6xx5/6+12xx1/3xx2/3=23/3
D(X−Y+1)=D(X)+D(Y)=36xx1/6xx5/6+12xx1/3xx2/3=23/3
19.设
X
N
(
1
,
3
(
2
)
)
X~N(1,3^(2))
X N(1,3(2)) ,则下列选项中,不成立的是()
A.
E
(
X
)
=
1
E(X)=1
E(X)=1
B.
D
(
X
)
=
3
D(X)=3
D(X)=3
C.
P
(
X
=
1
)
=
0
P(X=1)=0
P(X=1)=0
D.
P
(
X
<
1
)
=
0.5
P(X<1)=0.5
P(X<1)=0.5
答案: b
答案要点:
D
(
X
)
D(X)
D(X) 应该为
9
9
9
20.设随机变量
X
X
X 的概率密度为
f
(
x
)
=
(
3
/
16
x
(
2
)
,
−
2
<
=
x
<
=
2
)
,
(
0
,
其
他
)
:
f(x) ={(3/16x^(2),-2<=x<=2),(0, 其他 ):}
f(x)=(3/16x(2),−2<=x<=2),(0,其他):
则
P
∣
X
-
E
(
X
)
∣
<
D
(
X
)
=
P{|X -E(X)| < D(X)}=
P∣X-E(X)∣<D(X)= ()
A.
0
0
0
B.
1
1
1
C.
2
2
2
D.
3
3
3
答案: B
答案要点:
E
(
X
)
=
i
n
t
(
−
o
o
)
(
+
o
o
)
x
f
(
x
)
d
x
=
i
n
t
(
−
2
)
(
2
)
3
/
16
x
(
3
)
d
x
=
3
/
16
x
x
x
(
4
)
/
4
∣
(
−
2
)
(
2
)
=
0
E(X)=int_(-oo)^(+oo)xf(x)dx=int_(-2)^(2)3/16x^(3)dx=3/16 xx x^(4)/4|_(-2)^(2)=0
E(X)=int(−oo)(+oo)xf(x)dx=int(−2)(2)3/16x(3)dx=3/16xxx(4)/4∣(−2)(2)=0
E
(
X
(
2
)
)
=
i
n
t
(
−
o
o
)
(
+
o
o
)
x
(
2
)
f
(
x
)
d
x
=
i
n
t
(
−
2
)
(
2
)
3
/
16
x
(
4
)
d
x
=
3
/
16
x
x
x
(
5
)
/
5
∣
(
−
2
)
(
2
)
=
12
/
5
E(X^(2))=int_(-oo)^(+oo)x^(2)f(x)dx=int_(-2)^(2)3/16x^(4)dx=3/16xx x^(5)/5|_(-2)^(2)=12/5
E(X(2))=int(−oo)(+oo)x(2)f(x)dx=int(−2)(2)3/16x(4)dx=3/16xxx(5)/5∣(−2)(2)=12/5
D
(
X
)
=
E
(
X
(
2
)
)
−
(
E
(
X
)
)
(
2
)
=
12
/
5
D(X)=E(X^(2))-(E(X))^(2)=12/5
D(X)=E(X(2))−(E(X))(2)=12/5
P
∣
X
−
E
(
X
)
∣
<
D
(
X
)
=
P
∣
X
∣
<
12
/
5
=
i
n
t
(
−
2
)
(
2
)
3
/
16
x
(
2
)
d
x
=
1
P{|X-E(X)| < D(X)}=P{|X| < 12/5}=int_(-2)^(2)3/16x^(2)dx=1
P∣X−E(X)∣<D(X)=P∣X∣<12/5=int(−2)(2)3/16x(2)dx=1
21.设
X
(
i
)
=
(
0
,
事
件
A
不
发
生
)
,
(
1
,
事
件
A
发
生
)
:
(
i
=
1
,
2
,
⋯
,
100
)
X_(i)={(0, 事件 A 不发生 ),(1,事件 A 发生 ):}(i=1,2, ⋯ ,100)
X(i)=(0,事件A不发生),(1,事件A发生):(i=1,2,⋯,100) ,且
P
(
A
)
=
0.8
P(A)=0.8
P(A)=0.8 ,
X
(
1
)
,
X
(
2
)
,
⋯
,
X
(
100
)
X_(1),X_(2), ⋯ ,X_(100)
X(1),X(2),⋯,X(100) 相互独
立,令
Y
=
s
u
m
(
i
=
1
)
(
100
)
X
(
i
)
Y=sum_(i=1)^(100)X_(i)
Y=sum(i=1)(100)X(i) ,则由中心极限定理知
Y
Y
Y 近似服从于正态分布,其方差为()
A.
100
100
100
B.
0.8
0.8
0.8
C.
0.2
0.2
0.2
D.
16
16
16
答案: d
答案要点:
n
p
q
=
100
x
x
0.8
x
x
0.2
=
16
npq=100xx0.8xx0.2=16
npq=100xx0.8xx0.2=16
22.设
X
(
1
)
,
X
(
2
)
,
⋯
,
X
(
n
)
X_(1),X_(2), ⋯ ,X_(n)
X(1),X(2),⋯,X(n) 来自总体
N
(
m
u
,
s
i
g
m
a
(
2
)
)
N(mu,sigma^(2))
N(mu,sigma(2)) 的样本,对任意的
e
p
s
i
>
0
epsi>0
epsi>0,样本均值
b
a
r
X
barX
barX 所满足的切比
雪夫不等式为()
A.
P
∣
b
a
r
X
−
n
m
u
∣
<
e
p
s
i
>
=
(
n
s
i
g
m
a
(
2
)
)
/
e
p
s
i
(
2
)
P{|barX-nmu| < epsi} >= (nsigma^(2))/epsi^(2)
P∣barX−nmu∣<epsi>=(nsigma(2))/epsi(2)
B.
P
∣
b
a
r
X
−
m
u
∣
<
e
p
s
i
>
=
1
−
s
i
g
m
a
(
2
)
/
(
n
e
p
s
i
(
2
)
)
P{|barX-mu| < epsi} >= 1-sigma^(2)/(n epsi^(2))
P∣barX−mu∣<epsi>=1−sigma(2)/(nepsi(2))
C.
P
∣
b
a
r
X
−
m
u
∣
>
=
e
p
s
i
<
=
1
−
(
n
s
i
g
m
a
(
2
)
)
/
e
p
s
i
(
2
)
P{|barX-mu| >= epsi} <= 1-(nsigma^(2))/epsi^(2)
P∣barX−mu∣>=epsi<=1−(nsigma(2))/epsi(2)
D.
P
∣
b
a
r
X
−
n
m
u
∣
>
=
e
p
s
i
<
=
(
n
s
i
g
m
a
(
2
)
)
/
e
p
s
i
(
2
)
P{|barX-nmu| >= epsi} <= (nsigma^(2))/epsi^(2)
P∣barX−nmu∣>=epsi<=(nsigma(2))/epsi(2)
答案: b
答案要点: 定理 5.1
48、
49、