Exchange交换机-topic模式

topic模式：exchange将routingKey和某个topic进行模糊匹配，队列需要绑定一个topic

• *：代表匹配一个单词
• #：代表匹配多个或零个单词

以上图为例：
Q1队列和交换机x绑定密钥为*.orange.*;Q2队列和交换机x绑定密钥为*.*.rabbit和lazy.#

1. 如果我们发送消息的routingKey为 quick.orange.rabbit那么它将被路由到Q1，Q2连个队列（匹配*.orange.*和*.*.rabbit）
2. lazy.orange.elephant那么它也将被路由到Q1,Q2队列（匹配lazy.#和*.orange.*）
3. quick.orange.fox只会进入Q1队列(匹配*.orange.*)
4. lazy.brown.fox.abc只会进入Q2队列（匹配lazy.#）
5. lazy.pink.rabbit只会进入Q2队列一次，即使匹配到两个队列
6. quick.orange.male.rabbit不会进入任何队列

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通过上面讲解的例子应该了解topic模式以及其路由规则了，下面写代码测试下。

消费者：

package com.vivo.demo1.topic;

import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;
import com.rabbitmq.client.QueueingConsumer;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;

/**
 * @author:luzaichun
 * @Date:2020/12/14
 * @Time:23:17
 **/
public class Consumer {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, TimeoutException, InterruptedException {
        ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
        factory.setVirtualHost("/");
        factory.setHost("192.168.3.7");
        factory.setPort(5672);

        Connection connection = factory.newConnection();
        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();

        channel.exchangeDeclare("topic_exchange","topic",false,false,null);
        channel.queueDeclare("topic_queue",false,false,false,null);
        channel.queueBind("topic_queue","topic_exchange","topic.#");

        QueueingConsumer queueingConsumer = new QueueingConsumer(channel);
        channel.basicConsume("topic_queue",true,queueingConsumer);

        while (true){
            QueueingConsumer.Delivery delivery = queueingConsumer.nextDelivery();
            System.out.println("接收到消息："+new String(delivery.getBody()));
        }
    }
}

生产者：

package com.vivo.demo1.topic;

import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;

/**
 * @author:luzaichun
 * @Date:2020/12/14
 * @Time:23:22
 **/
public class Producer {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, TimeoutException {

        ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
        factory.setVirtualHost("/");
        factory.setHost("192.168.3.7");
        factory.setPort(5672);

        Connection connection = factory.newConnection();
        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();

        channel.basicPublish("topic_exchange","topic",null,"这是一条消息，路由键为topi".getBytes());
        channel.basicPublish("topic_exchange", "topic.abc", null, "这是一条消息，路由键为topic.abc".getBytes());
        channel.basicPublish("topic_exchange", "topic.abc.123", null, "这是一条消息，路由键为topic.abc.123".getBytes());

        channel.close();
        connection.close();
    }
}

可以看到routingKey为topic和topic.abc和topic.abc.123的消息都能路由到队列topic_queue上，说明#是可以匹配零个单词和多个单词的。

---

我们将队列和交换机绑定关系修改成topic.*测试下（记得先解绑之前的"topic.#",可以在控制台操作）

可以发现只能收到routingKey为topic.abc的消息，说明*只能匹配一个单词的情况