HTTP Servlet Response运行过程
通过Response设置响应行
package cn.aynortechnology.line;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
public class StatusServlet extends HttpServlet {
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
//手动设置http响应行中的状态码
response.setStatus(404);
}
public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
doGet(request, response);
}
}
通过Response设置响应头
package cn.aynortechnology.header;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Date;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
public class Header extends HttpServlet {
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
Date date = new Date();
//设置响应头
//add在遇到同名的时候会加到后面
response.addHeader("name", "aynor");
response.addIntHeader("age", 21);
response.addDateHeader("birthday", date.getTime());
//set
response.setHeader("name", "wangwang");
response.setIntHeader("age", 23);
}
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
doGet(request, response);
}
}
重定向
重定向：
-状态码：302
-响应头：location代表重定向的地址
新建两个Servlet作为源和重定向测试一下
Servlet1
package cn.aynortechnology.header;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
public class Servlet1 extends HttpServlet {
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
//没有响应资源 告知客户端去重定向到servlet2
//1.设置状态码302
response.setStatus(302);
//2.设置响应头Location
response.setHeader("Location", "/WEB14/servlet2");
}
public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
doGet(request, response);
}
}
Servlet2
package cn.aynortechnology.header;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
public class Servlet2 extends HttpServlet {
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
response.getWriter().write("hello aynor");
}
public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
doGet(request, response);
}
}
使用Servlet1直接跳转到Servlet2
一个封装好的方法
//封装成一个重定向的方法sendRedirect(url)
response.sendRedirect("/WEB14/servlet2");
定时刷新(跳转)
package cn.aynortechnology.header;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
public class Refresh extends HttpServlet {
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
//设置定时刷新的头
response.setHeader("refresh", "5;url=http://www.baidu.com");
}
public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
doGet(request, response);
}
}
用js完成页面定时跳转
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
<script type="text/javascript">
window.onload = function(){
var time = 5;
var secondEle = document.getElementById("second");
var timer = setInterval(function(){
secondEle.innerHTML = time;
time--;
if(time==0){
clearInterval(timer);
location.href="http://www.baidu.com";
}
},1000);
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
恭喜您，注册成功，<span style="color:red" id="second">5</span>秒钟后跳转，如不跳转请点击<a href="http://www.baidu.com"'>这里</a>！
</body>
</html>
想要使用中文需要设置编码、解码方式
package cn.aynortechnology.content;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
public class TextServlet extends HttpServlet {
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
//writer.write("text");
//设置response查询的码表
//response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
PrintWriter writer = response.getWriter();
//通过一个头Content-Type告知客户端使用何种码表进行解码
//response.setHeader("Content-Type", "text/html;charset=UTF-8");
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
writer.write("中国");
}
public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
doGet(request, response);
}
}
用OutputStream输出字节流(此处以图片为例)
package cn.aynortechnology.content;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
public class ByteServlet extends HttpServlet {
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
//使用response获得一个字节输出流
ServletOutputStream out = response.getOutputStream();
//获得服务器上的图片
String realPath = this.getServletContext().getRealPath("土味照片1.jpg");
InputStream in = new FileInputStream(realPath);
int len = 0;
byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
while((len=in.read(buffer))>0) {
out.write(buffer, 0, len);
}
in.close();
out.close();
}
public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
doGet(request, response);
}
}
前端代码
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>使用a标签直接指向服务器上的资源</h1>
<a href="/WEB14/花纹库/龙角.jpg">龙角.jpg</a><br>
<a href="/WEB14/花纹库/图腾.jpg">图腾.jpg</a><br>
<h1>使用服务器端编码的方式实现文件下载</h1>
<a href="/WEB14/download?filename=龙角.jpg">龙角.jpg</a><br>
<a href="/WEB14/download?filename=图腾.jpg">图腾.jpg</a><br>
</body>
</html>
服务器端代码
package cn.aynortechnology.content;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
public class DownloadServlet extends HttpServlet {
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
//获得要下载的文件的名称
String filename = request.getParameter("filename");
//要下载的这个文件的类型---客户端通过文件的MIME类型取区分类型
response.setContentType(this.getServletContext().getMimeType(filename));
//告诉客户端该文件不是直接解析而是以附件形式打开(下载)
response.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename="+filename);
//获取文件的绝对路径
String path = this.getServletContext().getRealPath("花纹库/"+filename);
//获得该文件的输入流
InputStream in = new FileInputStream(path);
//获得输出流---通过response获得的输出流 用于向客户端写内容
ServletOutputStream out = response.getOutputStream();
//文件拷贝的模板代码
int len = 0;
byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
while((len=in.read(buffer))>0) {
out.write(buffer, 0, len);
}
in.close();
out.close();
}
public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
doGet(request, response);
}
}
自适应浏览器下载中文文件名文件
package cn.aynortechnology.content;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import sun.misc.BASE64Encoder;
public class DownloadServlet2 extends HttpServlet {
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
//*************文件名称是中文的下载**************//
//获得要下载的文件的名称
String filename = request.getParameter("filename");
//解决获得中文参数的乱码
//filename = new String(filename.getBytes("ISO8859-1"),"UTF-8");
filename = new String(filename.getBytes("ISO8859-1"),"UTF-8");
//获得请求头中的User-Agent
String agent = request.getHeader("User-Agent");
//根据不同的客户端进行不同的编码
if(agent.contains("MSIE")) {
//IE浏览器
filename = URLEncoder.encode(filename,"utf-8");
filename = filename.replace("+", " ");
}else if(agent.contains("Firefox")){
//火狐浏览器
BASE64Encoder base64Encoder = new BASE64Encoder();
filename = "=?utf-8?B?"+base64Encoder.encode(filename.getBytes("utf-8"))+"?=";
}else {
//其他浏览器
filename = URLEncoder.encode(filename, "utf-8");
}
//要下载的这个文件的类型---客户端通过文件的MIME类型取区分类型
response.setContentType(this.getServletContext().getMimeType(filename));
//告诉客户端该文件不是直接解析而是以附件形式打开(下载)
response.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename="+filename);
//获取文件的绝对路径
String path = this.getServletContext().getRealPath("花纹库/"+filename);
//获得该文件的输入流
InputStream in = new FileInputStream(path);
//获得输出流---通过response获得的输出流 用于向客户端写内容
ServletOutputStream out = response.getOutputStream();
//文件拷贝的模板代码
int len = 0;
byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
while((len=in.read(buffer))>0) {
out.write(buffer, 0, len);
}
in.close();
out.close();
}
public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
doGet(request, response);
}
}
前端
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
<script type="text/javascript">
window.onload = function(){
}
function changeImg(obj){
obj.src = "/WEB14/checkImg?time="+new Date().getTime();
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<form action="/WEB13/login" method="post">
用户名：<input type="text" name="username"><br/>
密码：<input type="password" name="password"><br/>
验证码：<input type="text" name="username"><img onclick="changeImg(this)" src="/WEB14/checkImg"><br/>
<input type="submit" value="登录"><br/>
</form>
</body>
</html>
验证码代码
package cn.aynortechnology.checkimg;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.FileReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Random;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
/**
* 验证码生成程序
*
*
*
*/
public class CheckImgServlet extends HttpServlet {
// 集合中保存所有成语
private List<String> words = new ArrayList<String>();
@Override
public void init() throws ServletException {
// 初始化阶段，读取new_words.txt
// web工程中读取 文件，必须使用绝对磁盘路径
String path = getServletContext().getRealPath("/WEB-INF/new_words.txt");
try {
BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(path));
String line;
while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
words.add(line);
}
reader.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
// 禁止缓存
// response.setHeader("Cache-Control", "no-cache");
// response.setHeader("Pragma", "no-cache");
// response.setDateHeader("Expires", -1);
int width = 120;
int height = 30;
// 步骤一 绘制一张内存中图片
BufferedImage bufferedImage = new BufferedImage(width, height,
BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
// 步骤二 图片绘制背景颜色 ---通过绘图对象
Graphics graphics = bufferedImage.getGraphics();// 得到画图对象 --- 画笔
// 绘制任何图形之前 都必须指定一个颜色
graphics.setColor(getRandColor(200, 250));
graphics.fillRect(0, 0, width, height);
// 步骤三 绘制边框
graphics.setColor(Color.WHITE);
graphics.drawRect(0, 0, width - 1, height - 1);
// 步骤四 四个随机数字
Graphics2D graphics2d = (Graphics2D) graphics;
// 设置输出字体
graphics2d.setFont(new Font("宋体", Font.BOLD, 18));
Random random = new Random();// 生成随机数
int index = random.nextInt(words.size());
String word = words.get(index);// 获得成语
// 定义x坐标
int x = 10;
for (int i = 0; i < word.length(); i++) {
// 随机颜色
graphics2d.setColor(new Color(20 + random.nextInt(110), 20 + random
.nextInt(110), 20 + random.nextInt(110)));
// 旋转 -30 --- 30度
int jiaodu = random.nextInt(60) - 30;
// 换算弧度
double theta = jiaodu * Math.PI / 180;
// 获得字母数字
char c = word.charAt(i);
// 将c 输出到图片
graphics2d.rotate(theta, x, 20);
graphics2d.drawString(String.valueOf(c), x, 20);
graphics2d.rotate(-theta, x, 20);
x += 30;
}
// 将验证码内容保存session
request.getSession().setAttribute("checkcode_session", word);
// 步骤五 绘制干扰线
graphics.setColor(getRandColor(160, 200));
int x1;
int x2;
int y1;
int y2;
for (int i = 0; i < 30; i++) {
x1 = random.nextInt(width);
x2 = random.nextInt(12);
y1 = random.nextInt(height);
y2 = random.nextInt(12);
graphics.drawLine(x1, y1, x1 + x2, x2 + y2);
}
// 将上面图片输出到浏览器 ImageIO
graphics.dispose();// 释放资源
ImageIO.write(bufferedImage, "jpg", response.getOutputStream());
}
public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
doGet(request, response);
}
/**
* 取其某一范围的color
*
* @param fc
* int 范围参数1
* @param bc
* int 范围参数2
* @return Color
*/
private Color getRandColor(int fc, int bc) {
// 取其随机颜色
Random random = new Random();
if (fc > 255) {
fc = 255;
}
if (bc > 255) {
bc = 255;
}
int r = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);
int g = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);
int b = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);
return new Color(r, g, b);
}
}
(页码SR1)HTTP Servlet Response设置响应头、重定向、定时刷新
(页码SR2)HTTP Servlet Response设置响应体、发送中文、图片
(页码SR3)HTTP Servlet Response文件下载基本代码
(页码SR4)HTTP Servlet Response一次性验证码的实现
整合：HTTP Servlet Response完成文件下载、一次性验证码的实现
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