关于postgreSQL 数据库时间相关查询语句

个人记载 方便查找

创建自增ID

CREATE SEQUENCE upms_log_id_seq START 10;

获取当前时间（精确到时分秒）：

select to_char((select  now()),'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mm:ss')::timestamp

获取今天、昨天、上周一、上周日、本周一、本月、上月、今年、去年时间：

--今天
select to_char(current_date,'yyyy-MM-dd')::timestamp

--昨天
select to_char(current_date-1,'yyyy-MM-dd')::timestamp

--获取上周一时间 00:00:00
SELECT CURRENT_DATE - ( EXTRACT ( dow FROM CURRENT_DATE ) - 1 || ' day' ) :: INTERVAL - INTERVAL '7 day'

--获取上周日时间 23:59:59
SELECT CURRENT_DATE - ( EXTRACT ( dow FROM CURRENT_DATE ) - 1 || ' day' ) :: INTERVAL - INTERVAL '1 s'

--获取本周一时间 00:00:00
SELECT CURRENT_DATE - ( EXTRACT ( dow FROM CURRENT_DATE ) - 1 || ' day' ) :: INTERVAL

--本月
select to_char(current_date,'yyyy-MM')::timestamp

--上月
select to_char((select  now() - interval '1 month'),'yyyy-mm')::timestamp

--本年
select to_char((select  now() ),'yyyy')::timestamp

--去年
select to_char((select  now() - interval '1 years'),'yyyy')::timestamp

查询指定时间字段今天、昨天、本月、上月、今年、去年表数据：

--今天
SELECT *
FROM
	表名 AS n 
WHERE
	to_char( n.时间字段名, 'yyyy-mm-dd' ) =  to_char( CURRENT_DATE, 'yyyy-MM-dd' );

--昨天
SELECT *
FROM
	表名 AS n 
WHERE
	to_char( n.时间字段名, 'yyyy-MM-dd' ) = to_char( CURRENT_DATE - 1, 'yyyy-MM-dd' );

--本月
SELECT *
FROM
	表名 AS n 
WHERE
	to_char( n.时间字段名, 'yyyy-mm' ) = to_char( ( SELECT now( ) AS TIMESTAMP ), 'yyyy-mm' );

--上月
SELECT *
FROM
	表名 AS n 
WHERE
	to_char( n.时间字段名, 'yyyy-mm' ) = to_char( ( SELECT now( ) - INTERVAL '1 month' ), 'yyyy-mm' );

--本年
SELECT *
FROM
	表名 AS n 
WHERE
	to_char( n.时间字段名, 'yyyy' ) = to_char( ( SELECT now( ) ), 'yyyy' );

--去年
SELECT *
FROM
	表名 AS n 
WHERE
	to_char( n.时间字段名, 'yyyy' ) = to_char( ( SELECT now( ) - INTERVAL '1 years' ), 'yyyy' );

查询上周、上季度的数据：

--查询上周数据
SELECT *
FROM 表名
WHERE
    时间字段名   BETWEEN
	current_timestamp - (extract (dow from current_timestamp) - 1 || ' day')::interval - interval '7 day'
	AND
	current_timestamp - (extract (dow from current_timestamp) - 1 || ' day')::interval - interval '1 day'

--查询上季度数据
SELECT *
FROM 表名
WHERE
	时间字段名 BETWEEN
    date_trunc('quarter',now() + interval '-3 month') 
    AND
    date_trunc('quarter',now() + interval '-3 month') + interval '3 month'
			

按照天、月、年求和：

--按天求和
SELECT
to_char( 时间字段, 'YYYY-mm-dd' ) AS time, SUM ( 求和字段 )
FROM
表名
GROUP BY time

--按月求和
SELECT
to_char( 时间字段, 'YYYY-mm' ) AS time, SUM ( 求和字段 )
FROM
表名
GROUP BY time

--按年求和
SELECT
to_char( 时间字段, 'YYYY' ) AS time, SUM ( 求和字段 )
FROM
表名
GROUP BY time

查询字段为空，赋默认值0：

COALESCE(字段名,0)

查询为null和不为null数据：

--查询某字段为空的数据
SELECT *
FROM 表名
WHERE　字段名 IS NULL

--查询某字段不为空的数据
SELECT *
FROM 表名
WHERE　字段名 IS NOT NULL

空间数据库相关

添加空间扩展

CREATE EXTENSION postgis;
CREATE EXTENSION pgrouting;
CREATE EXTENSION postgis_topology;
CREATE EXTENSION fuzzystrmatch;
CREATE EXTENSION postgis_tiger_geocoder;
CREATE EXTENSION address_standardizer;

postGIS的SRID更新

select UpdateGeometrySRID('表名', 'geom', 4326);

--查询SRID
select st_srid(geom) from table;


--坐标系转换 4326转3857
UPDATE colliery SET geom = ST_Transform ( st_geometryfromtext ( ST_AsText ( geom ), 4326 ), 3857 );

postgis火星坐标系转换

示例：

--GCJ02转WGS84
select geoc_gcj02towgs84(geom) from test_table
--WGS84转GCJ02
select geoc_wgs84togcj02(geom) from test_table
--WGS84转BD09
select geoc_wgs84tobd09(geom) from test_table
--BD09转WGS84
select geoc_bd09towgs84(geom) from test_table
--GCJ02转BD09
select geoc_gcj02tobd09(geom) from test_table
--BD09转GCJ02
select geoc_bd09togcj02(geom) from test_table

sql代码：

CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION "public"."geoc_bd09towgs84_multipolygon"("source_geom" "public"."geometry")
  RETURNS "public"."geometry" AS $BODY$
DECLARE
    target_parts    geometry[];
    single_polygon  geometry;
    single_polygon_trans  geometry;
    final_geom      geometry;

BEGIN
    IF ST_GeometryType(source_geom) != 'ST_MultiPolygon' THEN
        RETURN null;
    END IF;
    FOR single_polygon IN SELECT (ST_Dump($1)).geom LOOP
        single_polygon_trans := geoc_bd09towgs84_polygon(single_polygon); 
        target_parts := array_append(target_parts,single_polygon_trans);
    END LOOP;
    
    SELECT st_multi(ST_Union(target_parts)) INTO final_geom;
    RETURN final_geom;
END;
$BODY$
  LANGUAGE plpgsql VOLATILE
  COST 100;
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION "public"."geoc_bd09towgs84_point"("geom" "public"."geometry")
  RETURNS "public"."geometry" AS $BODY$
DECLARE
  x       numeric; 
	y       numeric; 
	gcj_point  geometry;
	wgs_point  geometry;

BEGIN
    if st_geometrytype(geom) != 'ST_Point' then
      return null;
    end if;
    x := st_x(geom);
    y := st_y(geom);
    if (geoc_is_in_china_bbox(x, y) = false) then
      return geom;
    end if;
    gcj_point = geoc_bd09togcj02_point(geom);
	  wgs_point = geoc_gcj02towgs84_point(gcj_point);
	  return wgs_point;

END;
$BODY$
  LANGUAGE plpgsql VOLATILE
  COST 100;
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION "public"."geoc_bd09towgs84_polygon"("source_geom" "public"."geometry")
  RETURNS "public"."geometry" AS $BODY$
DECLARE
    target_parts    geometry[];
    source_npoints  integer;
    single_line     geometry;
    single_line_trans geometry;
    single_polygon  geometry;
    final_geom      geometry;

BEGIN
    IF ST_GeometryType(source_geom) != 'ST_Polygon' THEN
        RETURN null;
    END IF;

    FOR single_polygon IN SELECT ST_ExteriorRing ((st_dumprings($1)).geom) as geom LOOP				
        source_npoints := ST_NPoints(single_polygon); 
        single_line  := ST_RemovePoint(single_polygon, source_npoints - 1);  
        single_line_trans := geoc_bd09towgs84_line(single_line);  
        target_parts := array_append(target_parts, ST_AddPoint(single_line_trans, ST_PointN(single_line_trans, 1)));  
    END LOOP;
    SELECT ST_MakePolygon(target_parts[1], target_parts[2:array_upper(target_parts, 1)]) INTO final_geom; 
    RETURN final_geom;

END;
$BODY$
  LANGUAGE plpgsql VOLATILE
  COST 100;
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION "public"."geoc_cgcs2000tobd09"("geom" "public"."geometry")
  RETURNS "public"."geometry" AS $BODY$
DECLARE
BEGIN
IF st_srid(geom) != '4490' THEN
        RETURN null;
end if;
return geoc_wgs84tobd09(st_transform(st_setsrid(geom,4490),4326));
END;
$BODY$
  LANGUAGE plpgsql VOLATILE
  COST 100;
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION "public"."geoc_cgcs2000togcj02"("geom" "public"."geometry")
  RETURNS "public"."geometry" AS $BODY$
DECLARE
BEGIN
IF st_srid(geom) != '4490' THEN
        RETURN null;
end if;
return geoc_wgs84togcj02(st_transform(st_setsrid(geom,4490),4326));
END;
$BODY$
  LANGUAGE plpgsql VOLATILE
  COST 100;
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION "public"."geoc_delta"("lon" numeric, "lat" numeric)
  RETURNS "pg_catalog"."jsonb" AS $BODY$
DECLARE
    ret             varchar;
    dLon            numeric;
    dlat            numeric;
    radLat          numeric;
    magic           numeric;
    sqrtMagic       numeric;
    ee              numeric;
    a               numeric;
BEGIN
    ee := 0.006693421622965823;
    a  := 6378245;
    dLon := geoc_transform_lon(lon - 105, lat - 35);
    dLat := geoc_transform_lat(lon - 105, lat - 35);
    radLat := lat / 180 * pi();
    magic = sin(radLat);

    magic = 1 - ee * magic * magic;

    sqrtMagic := sqrt(magic);
    dLon = (dLon * 180) / (a / sqrtMagic * cos(radLat) * pi());
    dLat = (dLat * 180) / ((a * (1 - ee)) / (magic * sqrtMagic) * pi());
    ret :='['||dLon||','||dLat||']';
	return ret::jsonb;
END;
$BODY$
  LANGUAGE plpgsql VOLATILE
  COST 100;
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION "public"."geoc_gcj02tobd09"("geom" "public"."geometry")
  RETURNS "public"."geometry" AS $BODY$
DECLARE
BEGIN
IF st_srid(geom) != '4490' and  st_srid(geom) != '4326'THEN
        RETURN null;
end if;
case ST_GeometryType(geom)
    when 'ST_LineString' then 
			return geoc_gcj02tobd09_line(geom);
	when 'ST_MultiLineString' then 
		return geoc_gcj02tobd09_multiline(geom);
	when 'ST_Point' then 
		return geoc_gcj02tobd09_point(geom);
	when 'ST_MultiPoint' then 
			return geoc_gcj02tobd09_multipoint(geom);
	when 'ST_Polygon' then 
			return geoc_gcj02tobd09_polygon(geom);
	when 'ST_MultiPolygon' then
		return geoc_gcj02tobd09_multipolygon(geom); 
	ELSE
    	RETURN null;
END CASE;
END;
$BODY$
  LANGUAGE plpgsql VOLATILE
  COST 100;
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION "public"."geoc_gcj02tobd09_line"("geom" "public"."geometry")
  RETURNS "public"."geometry" AS $BODY$
DECLARE
		p_p     geometry;
		p_t     geometry;
		z_t     geometry;
		i       int;
BEGIN
    i:=1;
	while i <= st_npoints(geom) LOOP
		p_p := st_pointn(geom,i);
		p_t := geoc_gcj02tobd09_point(p_p);
		geom:=st_setpoint(geom,i-1,p_t);
		i:=i+1;
	end LOOP;
	return geom;

END;
$BODY$
  LANGUAGE plpgsql VOLATILE
  COST 100;
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION "public"."geoc_gcj02tobd09_multiline"("geom" "public"."geometry")
  RETURNS "public"."geometry" AS $BODY$
DECLARE
		i                 geometry;
		transform_i       geometry;
		multiArr          geometry[]; 
	
BEGIN
    multiArr:='{}'::geometry[];
	for i in EXECUTE $Q$ select (st_dump($1)).geom  $Q$ using geom LOOP
	  	transform_i :=geoc_gcj02tobd09_line(i);
		multiArr := array_append(multiArr, transform_i);
	end LOOP;
	return st_multi(ST_Union(multiArr));
END;
$BODY$
  LANGUAGE plpgsql VOLATILE
  COST 100;
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION "public"."geoc_gcj02tobd09_multipoint"("geom" "public"."geometry")
  RETURNS "public"."geometry" AS $BODY$
DECLARE
		i                 geometry;
		transform_i       geometry;
		multiArr          geometry[]; 
	
BEGIN
    multiArr:='{}'::geometry[];
	for i in EXECUTE $Q$ select (st_dump($1)).geom  $Q$ using geom LOOP
	  	transform_i :=geoc_gcj02tobd09_point(i);
		multiArr := array_append(multiArr, transform_i);
	end LOOP;
	return st_multi(ST_Union(multiArr));
END;
$BODY$
  LANGUAGE plpgsql VOLATILE
  COST 100;
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION "public"."geoc_gcj02tobd09_multipolygon"("source_geom" "public"."geometry")
  RETURNS "public"."geometry" AS $BODY$
DECLARE
    target_parts    geometry[];
    single_polygon  geometry;
    single_polygon_trans  geometry;
    final_geom      geometry;

BEGIN
    IF ST_GeometryType(source_geom) != 'ST_MultiPolygon' THEN
        RETURN null;
    END IF;
        FOR single_polygon IN SELECT (ST_Dump($1)).geom LOOP
                single_polygon_trans := geoc_gcj02tobd09_polygon(single_polygon); 
                target_parts := array_append(target_parts,single_polygon_trans);
        END LOOP;
				
        SELECT st_multi(ST_Union(target_parts)) INTO final_geom;
        RETURN final_geom;
END;
$BODY$
  LANGUAGE plpgsql VOLATILE
  COST 100;
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION "public"."geoc_gcj02tobd09_point"("geom" "public"."geometry")
  RETURNS "public"."geometry" AS $BODY$
DECLARE
z         double precision; 
theta     double precision; 
x_pi      double precision:=3.14159265358979324 * 3000.0 / 180.0; 
lon       numeric; 
lat       numeric; 
bd_point  geometry;

BEGIN
    if st_geometrytype(geom) != 'ST_Point' then
      return null;
    end if;
    lon := st_x(geom);
    lat := st_y(geom);
    if geoc_is_in_china_bbox(lon, lat) = false THEN 
      return geom;
    end if;
    z:= sqrt(power(lon,2) + power(lat,2)) + 0.00002 * sin(lat * x_pi); 
    theta:= atan2(lat, lon) + 0.000003 * cos(lon * x_pi); 
	bd_point:=ST_SetSRID(ST_MakePoint(z * cos(theta) + 0.0065,z * sin(theta) + 0.006),4326); 
	  return bd_point; 

END;
$BODY$
  LANGUAGE plpgsql VOLATILE
  COST 100;
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION "public"."geoc_gcj02tobd09_polygon"("source_geom" "public"."geometry")
  RETURNS "public"."geometry" AS $BODY$
DECLARE
    target_parts    geometry[];
    source_npoints  integer;
    single_line     geometry;
    single_line_trans geometry;
    single_polygon  geometry;
    final_geom      geometry;

BEGIN
    IF ST_GeometryType(source_geom) != 'ST_Polygon' THEN
        RETURN null;
    END IF;

    FOR single_polygon IN SELECT ST_ExteriorRing ((st_dumprings($1)).geom) as geom LOOP				
        source_npoints := ST_NPoints(single_polygon); 
        single_line  := ST_RemovePoint(single_polygon, source_npoints - 1);  
        single_line_trans := geoc_gcj02tobd09_line(single_line);  
        target_parts := array_append(target_parts, ST_AddPoint(single_line_trans, ST_PointN(single_line_trans, 1)));  
    END LOOP;
    SELECT ST_MakePolygon(target_parts[1], target_parts[2:array_upper(target_parts, 1)]) INTO final_geom;
    RETURN final_geom;

END;
$BODY$
  LANGUAGE plpgsql VOLATILE
  COST 100;
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION "public"."geoc_gcj02tocgcs2000"("geom" "public"."geometry")
  RETURNS "public"."geometry" AS $BODY$
DECLARE
BEGIN
IF st_srid(geom) != '4490' THEN
        RETURN null;
end if;
return st_transform(st_setsrid(geoc_gcj02towgs84(geom),4326),4490);
END;
$BODY$
  LANGUAGE plpgsql VOLATILE
  COST 100;
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION "public"."geoc_gcj02towgs84"("geom" "public"."geometry")
  RETURNS "public"."geometry" AS $BODY$
DECLARE
BEGIN
IF st_srid(geom) != '4490' and  st_srid(geom) != '4326'THEN
        RETURN null;
end if;
case ST_GeometryType(geom)
    when 'ST_LineString' then 
			return geoc_gcj02towgs84_line(geom);
	when 'ST_MultiLineString' then 
		return geoc_gcj02towgs84_multiline(geom);
	when 'ST_Point' then 
		return geoc_gcj02towgs84_point(geom);
	when 'ST_MultiPoint' then 
			return geoc_gcj02towgs84_multipoint(geom);
	when 'ST_Polygon' then 
			return geoc_gcj02towgs84_polygon(geom);
	when 'ST_MultiPolygon' then
		return geoc_gcj02towgs84_multipolygon(geom); 
	ELSE
    	RETURN null;
END CASE;
END;
$BODY$
  LANGUAGE plpgsql VOLATILE
  COST 100;
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION "public"."geoc_gcj02towgs84_line"("geom" "public"."geometry")
  RETURNS "public"."geometry" AS $BODY$
DECLARE
		p_p     geometry;
		p_t     geometry;
		z_t     geometry;
		i       int;
BEGIN
    i:=1;
	while i <= st_npoints(geom) LOOP
		p_p := st_pointn(geom,i);
		p_t := geoc_gcj02towgs84_point(p_p);
		geom:=st_setpoint(geom,i-1,p_t);
		i:=i+1;
	end LOOP;
	return geom;

END;
$BODY$
  LANGUAGE plpgsql VOLATILE
  COST 100;
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION "public"."geoc_gcj02towgs84_multiline"("geom" "public"."geometry")
  RETURNS "public"."geometry" AS $BODY$
DECLARE
		i                 geometry;
		transform_i       geometry;
		multiArr          geometry[]; 
	
BEGIN
    multiArr:='{}'::geometry[];
	for i in EXECUTE $Q$ select (st_dump($1)).geom  $Q$ using geom LOOP
	  	transform_i :=geoc_gcj02towgs84_line(i);
		multiArr := array_append(multiArr, transform_i);
	end LOOP;
	return st_multi(ST_Union(multiArr));
END;
$BODY$
  LANGUAGE plpgsql VOLATILE
  COST 100;
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION "public"."geoc_gcj02towgs84_multipoint"("geom" "public"."geometry")
  RETURNS "public"."geometry" AS $BODY$
DECLARE
		i                 geometry;
		transform_i       geometry;
		multiArr          geometry[]; 
	
BEGIN
    multiArr:='{}'::geometry[];
	for i in EXECUTE $Q$ select (st_dump($1)).geom  $Q$ using geom LOOP
	  	transform_i :=geoc_gcj02towgs84_point(i);
		multiArr := array_append(multiArr, transform_i);
	end LOOP;
	return st_multi(ST_Union(multiArr));
END;
$BODY$
  LANGUAGE plpgsql VOLATILE
  COST 100;
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION "public"."geoc_gcj02towgs84_multipolygon"("source_geom" "public"."geometry")
  RETURNS "public"."geometry" AS $BODY$
DECLARE
    target_parts    geometry[];
    single_polygon  geometry;
    single_polygon_trans  geometry;
    final_geom      geometry;

BEGIN
    IF ST_GeometryType(source_geom) != 'ST_MultiPolygon' THEN
        RETURN null;
    END IF;
        FOR single_polygon IN SELECT (ST_Dump($1)).geom LOOP
                single_polygon_trans := geoc_gcj02towgs84_polygon(single_polygon); 
                target_parts := array_append(target_parts,single_polygon_trans);
        END LOOP;
				
        SELECT st_multi(ST_Union(target_parts)) INTO final_geom;
        RETURN final_geom;
END;
$BODY$
  LANGUAGE plpgsql VOLATILE
  COST 100;
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION "public"."geoc_gcj02towgs84_point"("geom" "public"."geometry")
  RETURNS "public"."geometry" AS $BODY$
DECLARE
    tempPoint  numeric[];
    wgsLon     numeric;
    wgsLat     numeric;
    lon        numeric;
    lat        numeric;
BEGIN
    if st_geometrytype(geom) != 'ST_Point' then
      return null;
    end if;
    lon := st_x(geom);
    lat := st_y(geom);
    if geoc_is_in_china_bbox(lon, lat) = false THEN 
      return geom;
    end if;

    tempPoint := geoc_wgs84togcj02(ARRAY[lon, lat]);
    wgsLon := lon*2 - tempPoint[1];
    wgsLat := lat*2 - tempPoint[2];
    return st_makepoint(wgsLon,wgsLat);
END;
$BODY$
  LANGUAGE plpgsql VOLATILE
  COST 100;
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION "public"."geoc_gcj02towgs84_polygon"("source_geom" "public"."geometry")
  RETURNS "public"."geometry" AS $BODY$
DECLARE
    target_parts    geometry[];
    source_npoints  integer;
    single_line     geometry;
    single_line_trans geometry;
    single_polygon  geometry;
    final_geom      geometry;

BEGIN
    IF ST_GeometryType(source_geom) != 'ST_Polygon' THEN
        RETURN null;
    END IF;

    FOR single_polygon IN SELECT ST_ExteriorRing ((st_dumprings($1)).geom) as geom LOOP				
        source_npoints := ST_NPoints(single_polygon); 
        single_line  := ST_RemovePoint(single_polygon, source_npoints - 1);  
        single_line_trans := geoc_gcj02towgs84_line(single_line);  
        target_parts := array_append(target_parts, ST_AddPoint(single_line_trans, ST_PointN(single_line_trans, 1)));  
    END LOOP;
    SELECT ST_MakePolygon(target_parts[1], target_parts[2:array_upper(target_parts, 1)]) INTO final_geom; 
    RETURN final_geom;

END;
$BODY$
  LANGUAGE plpgsql VOLATILE
  COST 100;
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION "public"."geoc_is_in_china_bbox"("lon" numeric, "lat" numeric)
  RETURNS "pg_catalog"."bool" AS $BODY$
DECLARE
BEGIN
    
    return lon >= 72.004 and lon <= 137.8347 and lat >= 0.8293 and lat <= 55.8271;
END;
$BODY$
  LANGUAGE plpgsql VOLATILE
  COST 100;
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION "public"."geoc_transform_lat"("x" numeric, "y" numeric)
  RETURNS "pg_catalog"."numeric" AS $BODY$
DECLARE
ret   numeric;
BEGIN
    ret := -100 + 2 * x + 3 * y + 0.2 * y * y + 0.1 * x * y + 0.2 * sqrt(abs(x));
    ret := ret + (20 * sin(6 * x * PI()) + 20 * sin(2 * x * PI())) * 2 / 3;
    ret := ret +(20 * sin(y * PI()) + 40 * sin(y / 3 * PI())) * 2 / 3;
    ret := ret +(160 * sin(y / 12 * PI()) + 320 * sin(y * PI() / 30)) * 2 / 3;
    return ret;

END;
$BODY$
  LANGUAGE plpgsql VOLATILE
  COST 100;
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION "public"."geoc_transform_lon"("x" numeric, "y" numeric)
  RETURNS "pg_catalog"."numeric" AS $BODY$
DECLARE
    ret   numeric;
BEGIN
    ret := 300 + x + 2 * y + 0.1 * x * x + 0.1 * x * y + 0.1 * sqrt(abs(x));
    ret :=ret + (20 * sin(6 * x * pi()) + 20 * sin(2 * x * pi())) * 2 / 3;
    ret :=ret + (20 * sin(x * pi()) + 40 * sin(x / 3 * pi())) * 2 / 3;
    ret :=ret + (150 * sin(x / 12 * pi()) + 300 * sin(x / 30 * pi())) * 2 / 3;
    return ret;
END;
$BODY$
  LANGUAGE plpgsql VOLATILE
  COST 100;
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION "public"."geoc_wgs84tobd09"("geom" "public"."geometry")
  RETURNS "public"."geometry" AS $BODY$
DECLARE
BEGIN
IF st_srid(geom) != '4490' and  st_srid(geom) != '4326'THEN
        RETURN null;
end if;
case ST_GeometryType(geom)
  when 'ST_LineString' then 
		return geoc_wgs84tobd09_line(geom);
	when 'ST_MultiLineString' then 
		return geoc_wgs84tobd09_multiline(geom);
	when 'ST_Point' then 
		return geoc_wgs84tobd09_point(geom);
	when 'ST_MultiPoint' then 
		return geoc_wgs84tobd09_multipoint(geom);
	when 'ST_Polygon' then 
		return geoc_wgs84tobd09_polygon(geom);
	when 'ST_MultiPolygon' then
		return geoc_wgs84tobd09_multipolygon(geom); 
	ELSE
    	RETURN null;
END CASE;
END;
$BODY$
  LANGUAGE plpgsql VOLATILE
  COST 100;
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION "public"."geoc_wgs84tobd09_line"("geom" "public"."geometry")
  RETURNS "public"."geometry" AS $BODY$
DECLARE
		p_p     geometry;
		p_t     geometry;
		z_t     geometry;
		i       int;
BEGIN
    i:=1;
	while i <= st_npoints(geom) LOOP
		p_p := st_pointn(geom,i);
		p_t := geoc_wgs84tobd09_point(p_p);
		geom:=st_setpoint(geom,i-1,p_t);
		i:=i+1;
	end LOOP;
	return geom;

END;
$BODY$
  LANGUAGE plpgsql VOLATILE
  COST 100;
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION "public"."geoc_wgs84tobd09_multiline"("geom" "public"."geometry")
  RETURNS "public"."geometry" AS $BODY$
DECLARE
		i                 geometry;
		transform_i       geometry;
		multiArr          geometry[]; 
	
BEGIN
    multiArr:='{}'::geometry[];
	for i in EXECUTE $Q$ select (st_dump($1)).geom  $Q$ using geom LOOP
	  	transform_i :=geoc_wgs84tobd09_line(i);
		multiArr := array_append(multiArr, transform_i);
	end LOOP;
	return st_multi(ST_Union(multiArr));
END;
$BODY$
  LANGUAGE plpgsql VOLATILE
  COST 100;
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION "public"."geoc_wgs84tobd09_multipoint"("geom" "public"."geometry")
  RETURNS "public"."geometry" AS $BODY$
DECLARE
		i                 geometry;
		transform_i       geometry;
		multiArr          geometry[]; 
	
BEGIN
    multiArr:='{}'::geometry[];
	for i in EXECUTE $Q$ select (st_dump($1)).geom  $Q$ using geom LOOP
	  	transform_i :=geoc_wgs84tobd09_point(i);
		multiArr := array_append(multiArr, transform_i);
	end LOOP;
	return st_multi(ST_Union(multiArr));
END;
$BODY$
  LANGUAGE plpgsql VOLATILE
  COST 100;
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION "public"."geoc_wgs84tobd09_multipolygon"("source_geom" "public"."geometry")
  RETURNS "public"."geometry" AS $BODY$
DECLARE
    target_parts    geometry[];
    single_polygon  geometry;
    single_polygon_trans  geometry;
    final_geom      geometry;

BEGIN
    IF ST_GeometryType(source_geom) != 'ST_MultiPolygon' THEN
        RETURN null;
    END IF;
        FOR single_polygon IN SELECT (ST_Dump($1)).geom LOOP
                single_polygon_trans := geoc_wgs84tobd09_polygon(single_polygon); 
                target_parts := array_append(target_parts,single_polygon_trans);
        END LOOP;
				
        SELECT st_multi(ST_Union(target_parts)) INTO final_geom;
        RETURN final_geom;
END;
$BODY$
  LANGUAGE plpgsql VOLATILE
  COST 100;
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION "public"."geoc_wgs84tobd09_point"("geom" "public"."geometry")
  RETURNS "public"."geometry" AS $BODY$
DECLARE
lon       numeric; 
lat       numeric; 
bd_point  geometry;
gcj_point  geometry;

BEGIN
    if st_geometrytype(geom) != 'ST_Point' then
      return null;
    end if;
    lon := st_x(geom);
    lat := st_y(geom);
    if geoc_is_in_china_bbox(lon, lat) = false THEN 
      return geom;
    end if;
    gcj_point = geoc_wgs84togcj02_point(geom);
		bd_point = geoc_gcj02tobd09_point(gcj_point);
	  return bd_point; 

END;
$BODY$
  LANGUAGE plpgsql VOLATILE
  COST 100;
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION "public"."geoc_wgs84tobd09_polygon"("source_geom" "public"."geometry")
  RETURNS "public"."geometry" AS $BODY$
DECLARE
    target_parts    geometry[];
    source_npoints  integer;
    single_line     geometry;
    single_line_trans geometry;
    single_polygon  geometry;
    final_geom      geometry;

BEGIN
    IF ST_GeometryType(source_geom) != 'ST_Polygon' THEN
        RETURN null;
    END IF;

    FOR single_polygon IN SELECT ST_ExteriorRing ((st_dumprings($1)).geom) as geom LOOP				
        source_npoints := ST_NPoints(single_polygon); 
        single_line  := ST_RemovePoint(single_polygon, source_npoints - 1);  
        single_line_trans := geoc_wgs84tobd09_line(single_line);  
        target_parts := array_append(target_parts, ST_AddPoint(single_line_trans, ST_PointN(single_line_trans, 1)));  
    END LOOP;
    SELECT ST_MakePolygon(target_parts[1], target_parts[2:array_upper(target_parts, 1)]) INTO final_geom;  
    RETURN final_geom;

END;
$BODY$
  LANGUAGE plpgsql VOLATILE
  COST 100;
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION "public"."geoc_wgs84togcj02"("geom" "public"."geometry")
  RETURNS "public"."geometry" AS $BODY$
DECLARE
		i                 geometry;
		transform_i       geometry;
		multiArr          geometry[]; 
	
BEGIN
IF st_srid(geom) != '4490' and  st_srid(geom) != '4326'THEN
        RETURN null;
end if;
 	CASE ST_GeometryType(geom)
    	when 'ST_LineString' then 
			return geoc_wgs84togcj02_line(geom);
		when 'ST_MultiLineString' then 
			return geoc_wgs84togcj02_multiline(geom);
		when 'ST_Point' then 
			return geoc_wgs84togcj02_point(geom);
		when 'ST_MultiPoint' then 
			return geoc_wgs84togcj02_multipoint(geom);
		when 'ST_Polygon' then 
			return geoc_wgs84togcj02_polygon(geom);
		when 'ST_MultiPolygon' then
			return geoc_wgs84togcj02_multipolygon(geom);
		ELSE
     		RETURN null;
	END CASE;
END;
$BODY$
  LANGUAGE plpgsql VOLATILE
  COST 100;
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION "public"."geoc_wgs84togcj02_line"("geom" "public"."geometry")
  RETURNS "public"."geometry" AS $BODY$
DECLARE
		p_p     geometry;
		p_t     geometry;
		z_t     geometry;
		i       int;
BEGIN
    i:=1;
	while i <= st_npoints(geom) LOOP
		p_p := st_pointn(geom,i);
    	p_t := geoc_wgs84togcj02_point(p_p);
		geom:=st_setpoint(geom,i-1,p_t);
		i:=i+1;
	end LOOP;
	return geom;

END;
$BODY$
  LANGUAGE plpgsql VOLATILE
  COST 100;
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION "public"."geoc_wgs84togcj02_multiline"("geom" "public"."geometry")
  RETURNS "public"."geometry" AS $BODY$
DECLARE
		i                 geometry;
		transform_i       geometry;
		multiArr          geometry[]; 
	
BEGIN
    multiArr:='{}'::geometry[];
	for i in EXECUTE $Q$ select (st_dump($1)).geom $Q$ using geom LOOP
	  	transform_i :=geoc_wgs84togcj02_line(i);
		multiArr := array_append(multiArr, transform_i);
	end LOOP;
	return st_multi(ST_Union(multiArr));
END;
$BODY$
  LANGUAGE plpgsql VOLATILE
  COST 100;
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION "public"."geoc_wgs84togcj02_multipoint"("geom" "public"."geometry")
  RETURNS "public"."geometry" AS $BODY$
DECLARE
		i                 geometry;
		transform_i       geometry;
		multiArr          geometry[]; 
	
BEGIN
    multiArr:='{}'::geometry[];
	for i in EXECUTE $Q$ select (st_dump($1)).geom $Q$ using geom LOOP
	  	transform_i :=geoc_wgs84togcj02_point(i);
		multiArr := array_append(multiArr, transform_i);
	end LOOP;
	return st_multi(ST_Union(multiArr));
END;
$BODY$
  LANGUAGE plpgsql VOLATILE
  COST 100;
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION "public"."geoc_wgs84togcj02_multipolygon"("source_geom" "public"."geometry")
  RETURNS "public"."geometry" AS $BODY$
DECLARE
    target_parts    geometry[];
    single_polygon  geometry;
    single_polygon_trans  geometry;
    final_geom      geometry;

BEGIN
    IF ST_GeometryType(source_geom) != 'ST_MultiPolygon' THEN
        RETURN null;
    END IF;
    FOR single_polygon IN SELECT (ST_Dump($1)).geom LOOP
        single_polygon_trans := geoc_wgs84togcj02_polygon(single_polygon); 
        target_parts := array_append(target_parts,single_polygon_trans);
    END LOOP;
    
    SELECT st_multi(ST_Union(target_parts)) INTO final_geom;
    RETURN final_geom;
END;
$BODY$
  LANGUAGE plpgsql VOLATILE
  COST 100;
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION "public"."geoc_wgs84togcj02"("coord" _numeric)
  RETURNS "pg_catalog"."_numeric" AS $BODY$
DECLARE
    ret             numeric[];
    dLon            numeric;
    dlat            numeric;
		lon             numeric;
		lat             numeric;
		d								jsonb;
-- 		coord           ARRAY;
BEGIN
    lon := coord[1];
    lat := coord[2];
    if (geoc_is_in_china_bbox(lon, lat) = false) then
        return coord;
    end if;
    d := geoc_delta(lon, lat);
    dlon := d->0;
    dlat := d->1;
    ret := ARRAY[lon + dlon , lat + dlat];
    return ret;
END;
$BODY$
  LANGUAGE plpgsql VOLATILE
  COST 100;
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION "public"."geoc_wgs84togcj02_point"("geom" "public"."geometry")
  RETURNS "public"."geometry" AS $BODY$
DECLARE
    lon     numeric;
    lat     numeric;
    d       jsonb;
    dlon    numeric;
    dlat    numeric;
BEGIN
    if st_geometrytype(geom) != 'ST_Point' then
        return null;
    end if;
    lon := st_x(geom);
    lat := st_y(geom);
    if (geoc_is_in_china_bbox(lon, lat) = false) then
        return geom;
    end if;
    d := geoc_delta(lon, lat);
    dlon := d->0;
    dlat := d->1;
    return st_makepoint(lon + dlon,lat + dlat);
END;
$BODY$
  LANGUAGE plpgsql VOLATILE
  COST 100;
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION "public"."geoc_wgs84togcj02_polygon"("source_geom" "public"."geometry")
  RETURNS "public"."geometry" AS $BODY$
DECLARE
    target_parts    geometry[];
    source_npoints  integer;
    single_line     geometry;
    single_line_trans geometry;
    single_polygon  geometry;
    final_geom      geometry;

BEGIN
    IF ST_GeometryType(source_geom) != 'ST_Polygon' THEN
        RETURN null;
    END IF;

    FOR single_polygon IN SELECT ST_ExteriorRing ((st_dumprings($1)).geom) as geom LOOP				
        source_npoints := ST_NPoints(single_polygon); 
        single_line  := ST_RemovePoint(single_polygon, source_npoints - 1);  
        single_line_trans := geoc_wgs84togcj02_line(single_line);  
        target_parts := array_append(target_parts, ST_AddPoint(single_line_trans, ST_PointN(single_line_trans, 1)));  
    END LOOP;
    SELECT ST_MakePolygon(target_parts[1], target_parts[2:array_upper(target_parts, 1)]) INTO final_geom; 
    RETURN final_geom;

END;
$BODY$
  LANGUAGE plpgsql VOLATILE
  COST 100;
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION "public"."geoc_bd09tocgcs2000"("geom" "public"."geometry")
  RETURNS "public"."geometry" AS $BODY$
DECLARE
BEGIN
IF st_srid(geom) != '4490' THEN
        RETURN null;
end if;
return st_transform(st_setsrid(geoc_bd09towgs84(geom),4326),4490);
END;
$BODY$
  LANGUAGE plpgsql VOLATILE
  COST 100;
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION "public"."geoc_bd09togcj02"("geom" "public"."geometry")
  RETURNS "public"."geometry" AS $BODY$
DECLARE
		i                 geometry;
		transform_i       geometry;
		multiArr          geometry[]; 
	
BEGIN
IF st_srid(geom) != '4490' and  st_srid(geom) != '4326'THEN
        RETURN null;
	end if;
 	CASE ST_GeometryType(geom)
    	when 'ST_LineString' then 
			return geoc_bd09togcj02_line(geom);
		when 'ST_MultiLineString' then 
			return geoc_bd09togcj02_multiline(geom);
		when 'ST_Point' then 
			return geoc_bd09togcj02_point(geom);
		when 'ST_MultiPoint' then 
			return geoc_bd09togcj02_multipoint(geom);
		when 'ST_Polygon' then 
			return geoc_bd09togcj02_polygon(geom);
		when 'ST_MultiPolygon' then
			return geoc_bd09togcj02_multipolygon(geom);
		ELSE
     		RETURN null;
	END CASE;
END;
$BODY$
  LANGUAGE plpgsql VOLATILE
  COST 100;
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION "public"."geoc_bd09togcj02_line"("geom" "public"."geometry")
  RETURNS "public"."geometry" AS $BODY$
DECLARE
		p_p     geometry;
		p_t     geometry;
		z_t     geometry;
		i       int;
BEGIN
    i:=1;
	while i <= st_npoints(geom) LOOP
		p_p := st_pointn(geom,i);
    	p_t := geoc_bd09togcj02_point(p_p);
		geom:=st_setpoint(geom,i-1,p_t);
		i:=i+1;
	end LOOP;
	return geom;

END;
$BODY$
  LANGUAGE plpgsql VOLATILE
  COST 100;
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION "public"."geoc_bd09togcj02_multiline"("geom" "public"."geometry")
  RETURNS "public"."geometry" AS $BODY$
DECLARE
		i                 geometry;
		transform_i       geometry;
		multiArr          geometry[]; 
	
BEGIN
    multiArr:='{}'::geometry[];
	for i in EXECUTE $Q$ select (st_dump($1)).geom $Q$ using geom LOOP
	  	transform_i :=geoc_bd09togcj02_line(i);
		multiArr := array_append(multiArr, transform_i);
	end LOOP;
	return st_multi(ST_Union(multiArr));
END;
$BODY$
  LANGUAGE plpgsql VOLATILE
  COST 100;
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION "public"."geoc_bd09togcj02_multipoint"("geom" "public"."geometry")
  RETURNS "public"."geometry" AS $BODY$
DECLARE
		i                 geometry;
		transform_i       geometry;
		multiArr          geometry[]; 
	
BEGIN
    multiArr:='{}'::geometry[];
	for i in EXECUTE $Q$ select (st_dump($1)).geom $Q$ using geom LOOP
	  	transform_i :=geoc_bd09togcj02_point(i);
		multiArr := array_append(multiArr, transform_i);
	end LOOP;
	return st_multi(ST_Union(multiArr));
END;
$BODY$
  LANGUAGE plpgsql VOLATILE
  COST 100;
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION "public"."geoc_bd09togcj02_multipolygon"("source_geom" "public"."geometry")
  RETURNS "public"."geometry" AS $BODY$
DECLARE
    target_parts    geometry[];
    single_polygon  geometry;
    single_polygon_trans  geometry;
    final_geom      geometry;

BEGIN
    IF ST_GeometryType(source_geom) != 'ST_MultiPolygon' THEN
        RETURN null;
    END IF;
    FOR single_polygon IN SELECT (ST_Dump($1)).geom LOOP
        single_polygon_trans := geoc_bd09togcj02_polygon(single_polygon); 
        target_parts := array_append(target_parts,single_polygon_trans);
    END LOOP;
    
    SELECT st_multi(ST_Union(target_parts)) INTO final_geom;
    
    RETURN final_geom;
END;
$BODY$
  LANGUAGE plpgsql VOLATILE
  COST 100;
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION "public"."geoc_bd09togcj02_point"("geom" "public"."geometry")
  RETURNS "public"."geometry" AS $BODY$
DECLARE
  x       numeric; 
	y       numeric; 
 	z       double precision; 
 	theta   double precision; 
 	x_pi    double precision:=3.14159265358979324 * 3000.0 / 180.0; 
	gcj_point  geometry;

BEGIN
    if st_geometrytype(geom) != 'ST_Point' then
        return null;
    end if;
    x := st_x(geom);
    y := st_y(geom);
    if (geoc_is_in_china_bbox(x, y) = false) then
        return geom;
    end if;
    x:= ST_X(geom) - 0.0065; 
    y:= ST_Y(geom) - 0.006; 
    z:=sqrt(power(x,2) + power(y,2)) - 0.00002 *sin(y * x_pi); 
    theta:= atan2(y, x) - 0.000003 * cos(x * x_pi); 
	  gcj_point:=ST_SetSRID(ST_MakePoint(z *cos(theta),z *sin(theta)),4326); 
	 return gcj_point;

END;
$BODY$
  LANGUAGE plpgsql VOLATILE
  COST 100;
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION "public"."geoc_bd09togcj02_polygon"("source_geom" "public"."geometry")
  RETURNS "public"."geometry" AS $BODY$
DECLARE
    target_parts    geometry[];
    source_npoints  integer;
    single_line     geometry;
    single_line_trans geometry;
    single_polygon  geometry;
    final_geom      geometry;

BEGIN
    IF ST_GeometryType(source_geom) != 'ST_Polygon' THEN
        RETURN null;
    END IF;

    FOR single_polygon IN SELECT ST_ExteriorRing ((st_dumprings($1)).geom) as geom LOOP				
        source_npoints := ST_NPoints(single_polygon); 
        single_line  := ST_RemovePoint(single_polygon, source_npoints - 1);  
        single_line_trans := geoc_bd09togcj02_line(single_line);  
        target_parts := array_append(target_parts, ST_AddPoint(single_line_trans, ST_PointN(single_line_trans, 1)));  
    END LOOP;
    SELECT ST_MakePolygon(target_parts[1], target_parts[2:array_upper(target_parts, 1)]) INTO final_geom;  

    RETURN final_geom;

END;
$BODY$
  LANGUAGE plpgsql VOLATILE
  COST 100;
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION "public"."geoc_bd09towgs84"("geom" "public"."geometry")
  RETURNS "public"."geometry" AS $BODY$
DECLARE
		i                 geometry;
		transform_i       geometry;
		multiArr          geometry[]; 
	
BEGIN
	IF st_srid(geom) != '4490' and  st_srid(geom) != '4326'THEN
        RETURN null;
	end if;
 	CASE ST_GeometryType(geom)
    	when 'ST_LineString' then 
			return geoc_bd09towgs84_line(geom);
		when 'ST_MultiLineString' then 
			return geoc_bd09towgs84_multiline(geom);
		when 'ST_Point' then 
			return geoc_bd09towgs84_point(geom);
		when 'ST_MultiPoint' then 
			return geoc_bd09towgs84_multipoint(geom);
		when 'ST_Polygon' then 
			return geoc_bd09towgs84_polygon(geom);
		when 'ST_MultiPolygon' then
			return geoc_bd09towgs84_multipolygon(geom);
		ELSE
     		RETURN null;
	END CASE;
END;
$BODY$
  LANGUAGE plpgsql VOLATILE
  COST 100;
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION "public"."geoc_bd09towgs84_line"("geom" "public"."geometry")
  RETURNS "public"."geometry" AS $BODY$
DECLARE
		p_p     geometry;
		p_t     geometry;
		z_t     geometry;
		i       int;
BEGIN
    i:=1;
	while i <= st_npoints(geom) LOOP
		p_p := st_pointn(geom,i);
    	p_t := geoc_bd09towgs84_point(p_p);
		geom:=st_setpoint(geom,i-1,p_t);
		i:=i+1;
	end LOOP;
	return geom;

END;
$BODY$
  LANGUAGE plpgsql VOLATILE
  COST 100;
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION "public"."geoc_bd09towgs84_multiline"("geom" "public"."geometry")
  RETURNS "public"."geometry" AS $BODY$
DECLARE
		i                 geometry;
		transform_i       geometry;
		multiArr          geometry[]; 
	
BEGIN
    multiArr:='{}'::geometry[];
	for i in EXECUTE $Q$ select (st_dump($1)).geom $Q$ using geom LOOP
	  	transform_i :=geoc_bd09towgs84_line(i);
		multiArr := array_append(multiArr, transform_i);
	end LOOP;
	return st_multi(ST_Union(multiArr));
END;
$BODY$
  LANGUAGE plpgsql VOLATILE
  COST 100;
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION "public"."geoc_bd09towgs84_multipoint"("geom" "public"."geometry")
  RETURNS "public"."geometry" AS $BODY$
DECLARE
		i                 geometry;
		transform_i       geometry;
		multiArr          geometry[]; 
	
BEGIN
    multiArr:='{}'::geometry[];
	for i in EXECUTE $Q$ select (st_dump($1)).geom $Q$ using geom LOOP
	  	transform_i :=geoc_bd09towgs84_point(i);
		multiArr := array_append(multiArr, transform_i);
	end LOOP;
	return st_multi(ST_Union(multiArr));
END;
$BODY$
  LANGUAGE plpgsql VOLATILE
  COST 100;

查询经纬度属于哪个区域

SELECT "字段名" FROM "表名" WHERE ST_Contains( geom ,st_geometryfromtext('POINT(120.1 30.1)',4326) )='t'

 查询在指定区域的所有数据（表中包含经纬度）

SELECT *
FROM 表名
where
ST_Contains((SELECT geom FROM province WHERE province = '内蒙古自治区'), st_geometryfromtext('POINT('|| longitude ||' '|| latitude ||')',4326))='t'

postGIS相关函数

1. OGC标准函数

管理函数：

1. 添加几何字段 AddGeometryColumn(, , , , , )
2. 删除几何字段 DropGeometryColumn(, , )
3. 检查数据库几何字段并在geometry_columns中归档 Probe_Geometry_Columns()
4. 给几何对象设置空间参考（在通过一个范围做空间查询时常用） ST_SetSRID(geometry, integer)

几何对象关系函数：

1. 获取两个几何对象间的距离 ST_Distance(geometry, geometry)
2. 如果两个几何对象间距离在给定值范围内，则返回TRUE ST_DWithin(geometry, geometry, float)
3. 判断两个几何对象是否相等
4. （比如LINESTRING(0 0, 2 2)和LINESTRING(0 0, 1 1, 2 2)是相同的几何对象） ST_Equals(geometry, geometry)
5. 判断两个几何对象是否分离 ST_Disjoint(geometry, geometry)
6. 判断两个几何对象是否相交 ST_Intersects(geometry, geometry)
7. 判断两个几何对象的边缘是否接触 ST_Touches(geometry, geometry)
8. 判断两个几何对象是否互相穿过 ST_Crosses(geometry, geometry)
9. 判断A是否被B包含 ST_Within(geometry A, geometry B)
10. 判断两个几何对象是否是重叠 ST_Overlaps(geometry, geometry)
11. 判断A是否包含B ST_Contains(geometry A, geometry B)
12. 判断A是否覆盖 B ST_Covers(geometry A, geometry B)
13. 判断A是否被B所覆盖 ST_CoveredBy(geometry A, geometry B)
14. 通过DE-9IM 矩阵判断两个几何对象的关系是否成立 ST_Relate(geometry, geometry, intersectionPatternMatrix)
15. 获得两个几何对象的关系（DE-9IM矩阵） ST_Relate(geometry, geometry)

几何对象处理函数：

1. 获取几何对象的中心 ST_Centroid(geometry)
2. 面积量测 ST_Area(geometry)
3. 长度量测 ST_Length(geometry)
4. 返回曲面上的一个点 ST_PointOnSurface(geometry)
5. 获取边界 ST_Boundary(geometry)
6. 获取缓冲后的几何对象 ST_Buffer(geometry, double, [integer])
7. 获取多几何对象的外接对象 ST_ConvexHull(geometry)
8. 获取两个几何对象相交的部分 ST_Intersection(geometry, geometry)
9. 将经度小于0的值加360使所有经度值在0-360间 ST_Shift_Longitude(geometry)
10. 获取两个几何对象不相交的部分（A、B可互换） ST_SymDifference(geometry A, geometry B)
11. 从A去除和B相交的部分后返回 ST_Difference(geometry A, geometry B)
12. 返回两个几何对象的合并结果 ST_Union(geometry, geometry)
13. 返回一系列几何对象的合并结果 ST_Union(geometry set)
14. 用较少的内存和较长的时间完成合并操作，结果和ST_Union相同 ST_MemUnion(geometry set)

几何对象存取函数：

1. 获取几何对象的WKT描述 ST_AsText(geometry)
2. 获取几何对象的WKB描述 ST_AsBinary(geometry)
3. 获取几何对象的空间参考ID ST_SRID(geometry)
4. 获取几何对象的维数 ST_Dimension(geometry)
5. 获取几何对象的边界范围 ST_Envelope(geometry)
6. 判断几何对象是否为空 ST_IsEmpty(geometry)
7. 判断几何对象是否不包含特殊点（比如自相交） ST_IsSimple(geometry)
8. 判断几何对象是否闭合 ST_IsClosed(geometry)
9. 判断曲线是否闭合并且不包含特殊点 ST_IsRing(geometry)
10. 获取多几何对象中的对象个数 ST_NumGeometries(geometry)
11. 获取多几何对象中第N个对象 ST_GeometryN(geometry,int)
12. 获取几何对象中的点个数 ST_NumPoints(geometry)
13. 获取几何对象的第N个点 ST_PointN(geometry,integer)
14. 获取多边形的外边缘 ST_ExteriorRing(geometry)
15. 获取多边形内边界个数 ST_NumInteriorRings(geometry)
16. 同上 ST_NumInteriorRing(geometry)
17. 获取多边形的第N个内边界 ST_InteriorRingN(geometry,integer)
18. 获取线的终点 ST_EndPoint(geometry)
19. 获取线的起始点 ST_StartPoint(geometry)
20. 获取几何对象的类型 GeometryType(geometry)
21. 类似上，但是不检查M值，即POINTM对象会被判断为point ST_GeometryType(geometry)
22. 获取点的X坐标 ST_X(geometry)
23. 获取点的Y坐标 ST_Y(geometry)
24. 获取点的Z坐标 ST_Z(geometry)
25. 获取点的M值 ST_M(geometry)

几何对象构造函数：

参考语义： Text：WKT WKB：WKB Geom:Geometry M:Multi Bd:BuildArea Coll:Collection ST_GeomFromText(text,[])

1. ST_PointFromText(text,[])
2. ST_LineFromText(text,[])
3. ST_LinestringFromText(text,[])
4. ST_PolyFromText(text,[])
5. ST_PolygonFromText(text,[])
6. ST_MPointFromText(text,[])
7. ST_MLineFromText(text,[])
8. ST_MPolyFromText(text,[])
9. ST_GeomCollFromText(text,[])
10. ST_GeomFromWKB(bytea,[])
11. ST_GeometryFromWKB(bytea,[])
12. ST_PointFromWKB(bytea,[])
13. ST_LineFromWKB(bytea,[])
14. ST_LinestringFromWKB(bytea,[])
15. ST_PolyFromWKB(bytea,[])
16. ST_PolygonFromWKB(bytea,[])
17. ST_MPointFromWKB(bytea,[])
18. ST_MLineFromWKB(bytea,[])
19. ST_MPolyFromWKB(bytea,[])
20. ST_GeomCollFromWKB(bytea,[])
21. ST_BdPolyFromText(text WKT, integer SRID)
22. ST_BdMPolyFromText(text WKT, integer SRID)

1. PostGIS扩展函数

   管理函数：

   删除一个空间表（包括geometry_columns中的记录） DropGeometryTable([], ) 更新空间表的空间参考 UpdateGeometrySRID([], , , ) 更新空间表的统计信息 update_geometry_stats([, ])

参考语义： Geos：GEOS库 Jts：JTS库 Proj：PROJ4库 postgis_version()

1. postgis_lib_version()
2. postgis_lib_build_date()
3. postgis_script_build_date()
4. postgis_scripts_installed()
5. postgis_scripts_released()
6. postgis_geos_version()
7. postgis_jts_version()
8. postgis_proj_version()
9. postgis_uses_stats()
10. postgis_full_version()

几何操作符：

1. A范围=B范围 A = B
2. A范围覆盖B范围或A范围在B范围左侧 A &<> B
3. A范围在B范围左侧 A <<>> B
4. A范围覆盖B范围或A范围在B范围下方 A &<| B A范围覆盖B范围或A范围在B范围上方 A |&> B
5. A范围在B范围下方 A <<| B A范围在B范围上方 A |>> B
6. A=B A ~= B
7. A范围被B范围包含 A @ B
8. A范围包含B范围 A ~ B
9. A范围覆盖B范围 A && B

几何量测函数：

1. 量测面积 ST_Area(geometry)
2. 根据经纬度点计算在地球曲面上的距离，单位米，地球半径取值6370986米 ST_distance_sphere(point, point)
3. 类似上，使用指定的地球椭球参数 ST_distance_spheroid(point, point, spheroid)
4. 量测2D对象长度 ST_length2d(geometry)
5. 量测3D对象长度 ST_length3d(geometry)
6. 根据经纬度对象计算在地球曲面上的长度 ST_length_spheroid(geometry,spheroid)
7. ST_length3d_spheroid(geometry,spheroid)
8. 量测两个对象间距离 ST_distance(geometry, geometry)
9. 量测两条线之间的最大距离 ST_max_distance(linestring,linestring)
10. 量测2D对象的周长 ST_perimeter(geometry)
11. ST_perimeter2d(geometry)
12. 量测3D对象的周长 ST_perimeter3d(geometry)
13. 量测两点构成的方位角，单位弧度 ST_azimuth(geometry, geometry)

几何对象输出：

参考语义： NDR：Little Endian XDR：big-endian HEXEWKB：Canonical SVG：SVG 格式 GML：GML 格式 KML：KML 格式 GeoJson：GeoJson 格式

1. ST_AsBinary(geometry,{'NDR'|'XDR'})
2. ST_AsEWKT(geometry)
3. ST_AsEWKB(geometry, {'NDR'|'XDR'})
4. ST_AsHEXEWKB(geometry, {'NDR'|'XDR'})
5. ST_AsSVG(geometry, [rel], [precision])
6. ST_AsGML([version], geometry, [precision])
7. ST_AsKML([version], geometry, [precision])
8. ST_AsGeoJson([version], geometry, [precision], [options])

几何对象创建：

参考语义： Dump：转储 ST_GeomFromEWKT(text)

1. ST_GeomFromEWKB(bytea)
2. ST_MakePoint(, , [], [])
3. ST_MakePointM(, , )
4. ST_MakeBox2D(, )
5. ST_MakeBox3D(, )
6. ST_MakeLine(geometry set)
7. ST_MakeLine(geometry, geometry)
8. ST_LineFromMultiPoint(multipoint)
9. ST_MakePolygon(linestring, [linestring[]])
10. ST_BuildArea(geometry)
11. ST_Polygonize(geometry set)
12. ST_Collect(geometry set)
13. ST_Collect(geometry, geometry)
14. ST_Dump(geometry)
15. ST_DumpRings(geometry)

几何对象编辑：

1. 给几何对象添加一个边界，会使查询速度加快 ST_AddBBOX(geometry)
2. 删除几何对象的边界 ST_DropBBOX(geometry)
3. 添加、删除、设置点 ST_AddPoint(linestring, point, [])
4. ST_RemovePoint(linestring, offset)
5. ST_SetPoint(linestring, N, point)
6. 几何对象类型转换 ST_Force_collection(geometry)
7. ST_Force_2d(geometry)
8. ST_Force_3dz(geometry), ST_Force_3d(geometry),
9. ST_Force_3dm(geometry)
10. ST_Force_4d(geometry)
11. ST_Multi(geometry)
12. 将几何对象转化到指定空间参考 ST_Transform(geometry,integer)
13. 对3D几何对象作仿射变化 ST_Affine(geometry, float8, float8, float8, float8, float8, float8, float8, float8, float8, float8, float8, float8)
14. 对2D几何对象作仿射变化 ST_Affine(geometry, float8, float8, float8, float8, float8, float8)
15. 对几何对象作偏移 ST_Translate(geometry, float8, float8, float8)
16. 对几何对象作缩放 ST_Scale(geometry, float8, float8, float8)
17. 对3D几何对象作旋转 ST_RotateZ(geometry, float8)
18. ST_RotateX(geometry, float8)
19. ST_RotateY(geometry, float8)
20. 对2D对象作偏移和缩放 ST_TransScale(geometry, float8, float8, float8, float8)
21. 反转 ST_Reverse(geometry)
22. 转化到右手定则 ST_ForceRHR(geometry)
23. 参考IsSimple函数
24. 使用Douglas-Peuker算法 ST_Simplify(geometry, tolerance)
25. ST_SimplifyPreserveTopology(geometry, tolerance)
26. 讲几何对象顶点捕捉到网格 ST_SnapToGrid(geometry, originX, originY, sizeX, sizeY)
27. ST_SnapToGrid(geometry, sizeX, sizeY), ST_SnapToGrid(geometry, size)
28. 第二个参数为点，指定原点坐标 ST_SnapToGrid(geometry, geometry, sizeX, sizeY, sizeZ, sizeM)
29. 分段 ST_Segmentize(geometry, maxlength)
30. 合并为线 ST_LineMerge(geometry)

线性参考：

1. 根据location（0-1）获得该位置的点 ST_line_interpolate_point(linestring, location)
2. 获取一段线 ST_line_substring(linestring, start, end)
3. 根据点获取location（0-1） ST_line_locate_point(LineString, Point)
4. 根据量测值获得几何对象 ST_locate_along_measure(geometry, float8)
5. 根据量测值区间获得几何对象集合 ST_locate_between_measures(geometry, float8, float8)

杂项功能函数：

1. 几何对象的摘要 ST_Summary(geometry)
2. 几何对象的边界 ST_box2d(geometry)
3. ST_box3d(geometry)
4. 多个几何对象的边界 ST_extent(geometry set)
5. 0=2d, 1=3dm, 2=3dz, 3=4d ST_zmflag(geometry)
6. 是否包含Bounding Box ST_HasBBOX(geometry)
7. 几何对象的维数：2、3、4 ST_ndims(geometry)
8. 子对象的个数 ST_nrings(geometry)
9. ST_npoints(geometry)
10. 对象是否验证成功 ST_isvalid(geometry)
11. 扩大几何对象 ST_expand(geometry, float)
12. 计算一个空间表的边界范围 ST_estimated_extent([schema], table, geocolumn)
13. 获得空间参考 ST_find_srid(, , )
14. 几何对象使用的内存大小，单位byte ST_mem_size(geometry)
15. 点是否在圆上 ST_point_inside_circle(,,,)
16. 获取边界的X、Y、Z ST_XMin(box3d)
17. ST_YMin(box3d)
18. ST_ZMin(box3d)
19. ST_XMax(box3d)
20. ST_YMax(box3d)
21. ST_ZMax(box3d)
22. 构造一个几何对象的数组 ST_Accum(geometry set)

长事务支持：

1. 启用/关闭长事务支持，重复调用无副作用 EnableLongTransactions()
2. DisableLongTransactions()
3. 检查对行的update和delete操作是否已授权 CheckAuth([],, )
4. 锁定行 LockRow([],, , , [])
5. 解锁行 UnlockRows()
6. 在当前事务中添加授权ID AddAuth()

其它还有SQL-MM和ArcSDE样式的函数支持，可以参考http://postgis.refractions.net/documentation/manual-1.3/ch06.html#id2750611，这里就不详细列了。