Java调用http接口（get、post）

1.示例

• get请求，参数可以拼接在url上
• post请求，参数使用json字符串

<dependency>
  <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
  <artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
  <version>4.5.10</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
  <groupId>commons-httpclient</groupId>
  <artifactId>commons-httpclient</artifactId>
  <version>3.1</version>
</dependency>

package org.example;

import org.apache.commons.httpclient.HttpClient;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.methods.PostMethod;
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.entity.ByteArrayEntity;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.util.CharArrayBuffer;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.URL;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;

public class TTest {
	//get
    public static String getHttp(String url) {
        PrintWriter out = null;
        BufferedReader in = null;
        String result = "";
        try {
            URL urls = new URL(url);
            HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) urls.openConnection();
            conn.setRequestMethod("GET");
            conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/json");
            conn.setDoOutput(true);
            conn.setDoInput(true);
            conn.setReadTimeout(10000);
            conn.setConnectTimeout(10000);
            out = new PrintWriter(conn.getOutputStream());
            out.flush();
            in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(conn.getInputStream(), StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
            result = in.lines().collect(Collectors.joining());
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            try {
                if (out != null) {
                    out.close();
                }
                if (in != null) {
                    in.close();
                }
            } catch (IOException ex) {
                ex.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        return result;
    }
    //get
    public static String getJson(String url) {
        String result = null;
        CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
        HttpGet post = new HttpGet(url);
        CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
        try {
            post.setHeader("Content-Type", "application/json");
            response = httpClient.execute(post);
            if (response != null && response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200) {
                HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
                result = entityToString(entity);
            }
            return result;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            try {
                httpClient.close();
                if (response != null) {
                    response.close();
                }
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        return null;
    }
    //post
    public static String postJson(String url, String jsonString) {
        String result = null;
        CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
        HttpPost post = new HttpPost(url);
        CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
        try {
            post.setHeader("Content-Type", "application/json");
            if (null != jsonString) {
                post.setEntity(new ByteArrayEntity(jsonString.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8)));
            }
            response = httpClient.execute(post);
            if (response != null && response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200) {
                HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
                result = entityToString(entity);
            }
            return result;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            try {
                httpClient.close();
                if (response != null) {
                    response.close();
                }
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        return null;
    }

    public static String entityToString(HttpEntity entity) throws IOException {
        String result = null;
        if (entity != null) {
            long length = entity.getContentLength();
            if (length != -1 && length < 2048) {
                result = EntityUtils.toString(entity, "UTF-8");
            } else {
                try (InputStreamReader reader1 = new InputStreamReader(entity.getContent(), StandardCharsets.UTF_8)) {
                    CharArrayBuffer buffer = new CharArrayBuffer(2048);
                    char[] tmp = new char[1024];
                    int l;
                    while ((l = reader1.read(tmp)) != -1) {
                        buffer.append(tmp, 0, l);
                    }
                    result = buffer.toString();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }
        return result;
    }

    //POST请求以application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=utf-8格式
    public static String postForm(String postURL,String name,String age){
        PostMethod postMethod = new PostMethod(postURL) ;
        postMethod.setRequestHeader("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=utf-8") ;
        //参数设置，需要注意的就是里边不能传NULL，要传空字符串
        NameValuePair[] data = {
                new NameValuePair("name",name),
                new NameValuePair("age",age)
        };
        postMethod.setRequestBody(data);
        HttpClient httpClient = new HttpClient();
        String result = null;
        try {
            httpClient.executeMethod(postMethod);
            result = postMethod.getResponseBodyAsString();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return result;
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        System.out.println(getHttp("https://www.baidu.com"));
        System.out.println("--------------------------------华丽的分割线-----------------------------------");
        System.out.println(postJson("https://www.baidu.com", null));
        System.out.println("--------------------------------华丽的分割线-----------------------------------");
        System.out.println(postForm("https://www.baidu.com", null, null));
    }
}

2.打印

<!DOCTYPE html><!--STATUS OK--><html> <head><meta http-equiv=content-type content=text/html;charset=utf-8><meta http-equiv=X-UA-Compatible content=IE=Edge><meta content=always name=referrer><link rel=stylesheet type=text/css href=https://ss1.bdstatic.com/5eN1bjq8AAUYm2zgoY3K/r/www/cache/bdorz/baidu.min.css><title>百度一下，你就知道</title></head> <body link=#0000cc> <div id=wrapper> <div id=head> <div class=head_wrapper> <div class=s_form> <div class=s_form_wrapper> <div id=lg> <img hidefocus=true src=//www.baidu.com/img/bd_logo1.png width=270 height=129> </div> <form id=form name=f action=//www.baidu.com/s class=fm> <input type=hidden name=bdorz_come value=1> <input type=hidden name=ie value=utf-8> <input type=hidden name=f value=8> <input type=hidden name=rsv_bp value=1> <input type=hidden name=rsv_idx value=1> <input type=hidden name=tn value=baidu><span class="bg s_ipt_wr"><input id=kw name=wd class=s_ipt value maxlength=255 autocomplete=off autofocus=autofocus></span><span class="bg s_btn_wr"><input type=submit id=su value=百度一下 class="bg s_btn" autofocus></span> </form> </div> </div> <div id=u1> <a href=http://news.baidu.com name=tj_trnews class=mnav>新闻</a> <a href=https://www.hao123.com name=tj_trhao123 class=mnav>hao123</a> <a href=http://map.baidu.com name=tj_trmap class=mnav>地图</a> <a href=http://v.baidu.com name=tj_trvideo class=mnav>视频</a> <a href=http://tieba.baidu.com name=tj_trtieba class=mnav>贴吧</a> <noscript> <a href=http://www.baidu.com/bdorz/login.gif?login&amp;tpl=mn&amp;u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.baidu.com%2f%3fbdorz_come%3d1 name=tj_login class=lb>登录</a> </noscript> <script>document.write('<a href="http://www.baidu.com/bdorz/login.gif?login&tpl=mn&u='+ encodeURIComponent(window.location.href+ (window.location.search === "" ? "?" : "&")+ "bdorz_come=1")+ '" name="tj_login" class="lb">登录</a>');                </script> <a href=//www.baidu.com/more/ name=tj_briicon class=bri style="display: block;">更多产品</a> </div> </div> </div> <div id=ftCon> <div id=ftConw> <p id=lh> <a href=http://home.baidu.com>关于百度</a> <a href=http://ir.baidu.com>About Baidu</a> </p> <p id=cp>&copy;2017&nbsp;Baidu&nbsp;<a href=http://www.baidu.com/duty/>使用百度前必读</a>&nbsp; <a href=http://jianyi.baidu.com/ class=cp-feedback>意见反馈</a>&nbsp;京ICP证030173号&nbsp; <img src=//www.baidu.com/img/gs.gif> </p> </div> </div> </div> </body> </html>
--------------------------------华丽的分割线-----------------------------------
<!DOCTYPE html>
<!--STATUS OK--><html> <head><meta http-equiv=content-type content=text/html;charset=utf-8><meta http-equiv=X-UA-Compatible content=IE=Edge><meta content=always name=referrer><link rel=stylesheet type=text/css href=https://ss1.bdstatic.com/5eN1bjq8AAUYm2zgoY3K/r/www/cache/bdorz/baidu.min.css><title>百度一下，你就知道</title></head> <body link=#0000cc> <div id=wrapper> <div id=head> <div class=head_wrapper> <div class=s_form> <div class=s_form_wrapper> <div id=lg> <img hidefocus=true src=//www.baidu.com/img/bd_logo1.png width=270 height=129> </div> <form id=form name=f action=//www.baidu.com/s class=fm> <input type=hidden name=bdorz_come value=1> <input type=hidden name=ie value=utf-8> <input type=hidden name=f value=8> <input type=hidden name=rsv_bp value=1> <input type=hidden name=rsv_idx value=1> <input type=hidden name=tn value=baidu><span class="bg s_ipt_wr"><input id=kw name=wd class=s_ipt value maxlength=255 autocomplete=off autofocus=autofocus></span><span class="bg s_btn_wr"><input type=submit id=su value=百度一下 class="bg s_btn" autofocus></span> </form> </div> </div> <div id=u1> <a href=http://news.baidu.com name=tj_trnews class=mnav>新闻</a> <a href=https://www.hao123.com name=tj_trhao123 class=mnav>hao123</a> <a href=http://map.baidu.com name=tj_trmap class=mnav>地图</a> <a href=http://v.baidu.com name=tj_trvideo class=mnav>视频</a> <a href=http://tieba.baidu.com name=tj_trtieba class=mnav>贴吧</a> <noscript> <a href=http://www.baidu.com/bdorz/login.gif?login&amp;tpl=mn&amp;u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.baidu.com%2f%3fbdorz_come%3d1 name=tj_login class=lb>登录</a> </noscript> <script>document.write('<a href="http://www.baidu.com/bdorz/login.gif?login&tpl=mn&u='+ encodeURIComponent(window.location.href+ (window.location.search === "" ? "?" : "&")+ "bdorz_come=1")+ '" name="tj_login" class="lb">登录</a>');
                </script> <a href=//www.baidu.com/more/ name=tj_briicon class=bri style="display: block;">更多产品</a> </div> </div> </div> <div id=ftCon> <div id=ftConw> <p id=lh> <a href=http://home.baidu.com>关于百度</a> <a href=http://ir.baidu.com>About Baidu</a> </p> <p id=cp>&copy;2017&nbsp;Baidu&nbsp;<a href=http://www.baidu.com/duty/>使用百度前必读</a>&nbsp; <a href=http://jianyi.baidu.com/ class=cp-feedback>意见反馈</a>&nbsp;京ICP证030173号&nbsp; <img src=//www.baidu.com/img/gs.gif> </p> </div> </div> </div> </body> </html>
--------------------------------华丽的分割线-----------------------------------
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html;charset=utf-8">
<style data-for="result" id="css_result">
body{color:#333;background:#fff;padding:6px 0 0;margin:0;position:relative;min-width:900px}body,th,td,.p1,.p2{font-family:arial}p,form,ol,ul,li,dl,dt,dd,h3{margin:0;padding:0;list-style:none}input{padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0;-moz-box-sizing:border-box;-webkit-box-sizing:border-box;box-sizing:border-box}table,img{border:0}td{font-size:9pt;line-height:18px}

import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.*;

public class TTest {

    //post params
    public static String postParams(String url, Map<String, String> params, Map<String, String> header) {
        String result = null;
        CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
        HttpPost request = new HttpPost(url);
        CloseableHttpResponse response;
        try {
            if (params != null) {
                UrlEncodedFormEntity uefEntity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(addParams(params), "UTF-8");
                request.setEntity(uefEntity);
            }
            addHeader(header, request);
            response = httpClient.execute(request);
            if (response == null) {
                return null;
            }
            result = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), "UTF-8");
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return result;
    }

    private static List<BasicNameValuePair> addParams(Map<String, String> map) {
        List<BasicNameValuePair> formParams = new ArrayList<>();
        if (map != null) {
            Iterator<Map.Entry<String, String>> it = map.entrySet().iterator();
            while (it.hasNext()) {
                Map.Entry<String, String> entry = it.next();
                formParams.add(new BasicNameValuePair(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue()));
            }
        }
        return formParams;
    }

    private static void addHeader(Map<String, String> map, HttpPost post) {
        if (map != null) {
            Iterator<Map.Entry<String, String>> it = map.entrySet().iterator();
            while (it.hasNext()) {
                Map.Entry<String, String> entry = it.next();
                post.setHeader(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());
            }
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String url = "https://www.baidu.com";
        Map<String, String> para = new HashMap<>();
        Map<String, String> header = new HashMap<>();
        String s = postParams(url, para, header);
        System.out.println(s);
    }

}