【六袆 - 序列化】首次接触Google的Protocol 序列化

1.Protocol buffers 是什么？

Protocol Buffers是一种开源跨平台的序列化数据结构的协议。

2.Java中Protocol buffers使用文档

https://developers.google.com/protocol-buffers/docs/javatutorial

2.1 文档&源码下载 Github release

https://github.com/protocolbuffers/protobuf/releases

3.Java Example

• ListPerson.java

// See README.txt for information and build instructions.

import com.example.tutorial.protos.AddressBook;
import com.example.tutorial.protos.Person;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintStream;

class ListPeople {
  // Iterates though all people in the AddressBook and prints info about them.
  static void Print(AddressBook addressBook) {
    for (Person person: addressBook.getPeopleList()) {
      System.out.println("Person ID: " + person.getId());
      System.out.println("  Name: " + person.getName());
      if (!person.getEmail().isEmpty()) {
        System.out.println("  E-mail address: " + person.getEmail());
      }

      for (Person.PhoneNumber phoneNumber : person.getPhonesList()) {
        switch (phoneNumber.getType()) {
          case MOBILE:
            System.out.print("  Mobile phone #: ");
            break;
          case HOME:
            System.out.print("  Home phone #: ");
            break;
          case WORK:
            System.out.print("  Work phone #: ");
            break;
          default:
            System.out.println(" Unknown phone #: ");
            break;
        }
        System.out.println(phoneNumber.getNumber());
      }
    }
  }

  // Main function:  Reads the entire address book from a file and prints all
  //   the information inside.
  public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
    if (args.length != 1) {
      System.err.println("Usage:  ListPeople ADDRESS_BOOK_FILE");
      System.exit(-1);
    }

    // Read the existing address book.
    AddressBook addressBook =
      AddressBook.parseFrom(new FileInputStream(args[0]));

    Print(addressBook);
  }
}

• add_Person.java

// See README.txt for information and build instructions.

import com.example.tutorial.protos.AddressBook;
import com.example.tutorial.protos.Person;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintStream;

class AddPerson {
  // This function fills in a Person message based on user input.
  static Person PromptForAddress(BufferedReader stdin,
                                 PrintStream stdout) throws IOException {
    Person.Builder person = Person.newBuilder();

    stdout.print("Enter person ID: ");
    person.setId(Integer.valueOf(stdin.readLine()));

    stdout.print("Enter name: ");
    person.setName(stdin.readLine());

    stdout.print("Enter email address (blank for none): ");
    String email = stdin.readLine();
    if (email.length() > 0) {
      person.setEmail(email);
    }

    while (true) {
      stdout.print("Enter a phone number (or leave blank to finish): ");
      String number = stdin.readLine();
      if (number.length() == 0) {
        break;
      }

      Person.PhoneNumber.Builder phoneNumber =
        Person.PhoneNumber.newBuilder().setNumber(number);

      stdout.print("Is this a mobile, home, or work phone? ");
      String type = stdin.readLine();
      if (type.equals("mobile")) {
        phoneNumber.setType(Person.PhoneType.MOBILE);
      } else if (type.equals("home")) {
        phoneNumber.setType(Person.PhoneType.HOME);
      } else if (type.equals("work")) {
        phoneNumber.setType(Person.PhoneType.WORK);
      } else {
        stdout.println("Unknown phone type.  Using default.");
      }

      person.addPhones(phoneNumber);
    }

    return person.build();
  }

  // Main function:  Reads the entire address book from a file,
  //   adds one person based on user input, then writes it back out to the same
  //   file.
  public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
    if (args.length != 1) {
      System.err.println("Usage:  AddPerson ADDRESS_BOOK_FILE");
      System.exit(-1);
    }

    AddressBook.Builder addressBook = AddressBook.newBuilder();

    // Read the existing address book.
    try {
      FileInputStream input = new FileInputStream(args[0]);
      try {
        addressBook.mergeFrom(input);
      } finally {
        try { input.close(); } catch (Throwable ignore) {}
      }
    } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
      System.out.println(args[0] + ": File not found.  Creating a new file.");
    }

    // Add an address.
    addressBook.addPeople(
      PromptForAddress(new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in)),
                       System.out));

    // Write the new address book back to disk.
    FileOutputStream output = new FileOutputStream(args[0]);
    try {
      addressBook.build().writeTo(output);
    } finally {
      output.close();
    }
  }
}