C++中string的基本使用

void test_string1()    //对象的创建
{
	string s1;
	string s2("haha");
	string s3(s2);
	s1 = s2;
	cout << s1 << endl;
	cout << s2 << endl;
	cout << s3 << endl;
}
void test_string2()    //将字符串转换为数字
{
	string s4("1234");
	string::iterator it = s4.begin();
	int num = 0;
	while (it != s4.end())
	{
		num *= 10;
		num += *it - '0';
		++it;
	}
	cout << num << endl;
}
void test_string3()    //使用vector可以直接插入数字
{
	vector<int> v;
	v.push_back(1);
	v.push_back(2);
	v.push_back(3);
	v.push_back(4);
	vector<int>::iterator vit = v.begin();
	while (vit != v.end())
	{
		cout << *vit << endl;
		vit++;
	}
}
void test_string4()   //使用list可以直接插入数字
{
	list<int> l;
	l.push_back(6);
	l.push_back(7);
	l.push_back(8);
	l.push_back(9);
	list<int>::iterator lit = l.begin();
	while (lit != l.end())
	{
		cout << *lit << endl;
		lit++;
	}
}
int strnum(const string& str)   //传入一个对象，对对象里的字符串转换
{
	int num = 0;
	string::const_iterator it = str.cbegin();
	while (it != str.cend())
	{
		num *= 10;
		num += *it - '0';
		++it;
	}
	return num;
}

int numstr(string& str)    
{
	int num = 0;
	for (int i = 0; i<str.size(); i++)
	{
		num *= 10;
		num += str[i] - '0';

	}
	return num;
}

int numstrey(string& str)    //语法糖
{
	int num = 0;
	for (auto&e : str)   
	{
		num *= 10;
		num += e - '0';
	}
	return num;
}

void test_string5()     //reserve,和resize  
{
	string s8("hahah");
	cout << s8 << endl;
	cout << s8.size()<< endl;
	cout << s8.capacity() << endl;
	s8.reserve(50);
	cout << s8 << endl;
	cout << s8.size() << endl;
	cout << s8.capacity() << endl;
	s8.resize(80,'1');
	cout << s8 << endl;
	cout << s8.size() << endl;
	cout << s8.capacity() << endl;
	string s9("i believe i can");
	s9[10] = 'I';
	cout << s9 << endl;


}
void test_string6()   // push_back  append  erase  atoi 的应用
{
	string s1("hello");
	s1.push_back(' ');
	s1.append("world ");
	cout << s1 << endl;
	s1 += 'M';
	s1 += "y name";
	string s2("is");
	s1 += s2;
	s1.insert(s1.begin(), 'X');
	s1.insert(0, "YZ");
	s1.erase(0,3);
	cout << s1 << endl;
	string s3("111");
	int ret=atoi(s3.c_str());
	cout << s3 << endl;

}
void test_string7()    //  去除文件后缀...
{
	string file("test.cpp");
	size_t pos = file.rfind('.');
	if (pos == string::npos)
	{
		cout << "文件没有后缀" << endl;

	}
	else
	{
		cout << file.substr(pos, file.size() - pos) << endl;
	}
	string url("https://daohang.qq.com/?fr=hmpage");
	size_t start = url.find("://");
	if (start == string::npos)
	{
		cout << "url invalid" << endl;
		return;
	}
	start += 3;
	size_t finsh = url.find('/', start);
	cout << url.substr(start, finsh - start) << endl;
	pos = url.find("://");
	url.erase(0, pos + 3);
	cout << url << endl;
}

void test_string8()
{
	string s1("hello");
	string s2("world");
	cout << s1 + s2 << endl;
	cout << s1 + "world" << endl;
	cout << "hello" + s2 << endl;
	
}