【python】ptthon函数自学

print("Hello Python world!")
# 变量
message="Hello"
print(message)
message="Hello Python world!"
print(message)

# 引号：可以是单，可以是双
message='I told my friend, "Python is my favorite language!"'
print(message)
message="I told my friend, 'Python is my favorite language!' "
print(message)

# 大小写函数
name="my friend"
print(name.title())
print(name.upper())
print(name.lower())

# 拼接
first_name = "ada"
last_name = "lovelace"
full_name = first_name + " " + last_name
print(full_name)
print("Hello, " + full_name.title() + "!")

#使用制表符或换行符来添加空白
print("\tPython\tPython")
print("Languages:\n\tPython\n\tC\n\tJavaScript")

#空白处理
print('空白处理')
favorite_language = '  python  '
print(favorite_language)
print(favorite_language.lstrip())
print(favorite_language.rstrip())
print(favorite_language.strip())

message = "One of Python's strengths is its diverse community."
print(message)

#数字计算
print((2 + 3) * 4)
print(3**2)
print(0.2+0.1)
print(3 * 0.1)
print(3/2)
print(3.0/2)

#数字转换字符串
age = 23
message = "Happy " + str(age) + "rd Birthday!"
print(message)

#在Python中，用方括号（[] ）来表示列表，并用逗号来分隔其中的元素。
bicycles = ['trek', 'cannondale', 'redline', 'specialized']
print(bicycles)
print(bicycles[0])
print(bicycles[0].title())
print(bicycles[-2])
message = 'My first bicycle was a ' + bicycles[0].title() + "."
print(message)
#修改列表元素
motorcycles = ['honda', 'yamaha', 'suzuki']
print(motorcycles)
motorcycles[0] = 'ducati'
print(motorcycles)
motorcycles.append('ducati')
print(motorcycles)
del motorcycles[0]
print(motorcycles);print('方法pop() 可删除列表末尾的元素')
#方法pop() 可删除列表末尾的元素
motorcycles.pop()
popped_motorcycle = motorcycles.pop()
print(motorcycles)
print(popped_motorcycle)
first_owned = motorcycles.pop(0)
print('The first motorcycle I owned was a ' + first_owned.title() + '.')
print(motorcycles)
motorcycles = ['honda', 'yamaha', 'suzuki']
first_owned = motorcycles.pop(0)
print('The first motorcycle I owned was a ' + first_owned.title() + '.')
#根据值删除元素
print('根据值删除元素')
motorcycles = ['honda', 'yamaha', 'suzuki', 'ducati']
print(motorcycles)
too_expensive='ducati'
motorcycles.remove('ducati')
print(motorcycles)
print("\nA " + too_expensive.title() + " is too expensive for me.")

print("使用方法 使 sort() 对列表进行永久性排序")
cars = ['bmw', 'audi', 'toyota', 'subaru']
cars.sort()
print(cars)

cars = ['bmw', 'audi', 'toyota', 'subaru']
cars.sort(reverse=True)
print(cars)

cars = ['bmw', 'audi', 'toyota', 'subaru']
cars.reverse()
print(cars)

print("使用方法 使 sorted() 对列表进行临时性排序")
cars = ['bmw', 'audi', 'toyota', 'subaru']
print(cars)
print(sorted(cars))
print(cars)

print("len")
cars = ['bmw', 'audi', 'toyota', 'subaru']
print(len(cars))

print("列表超出范围")
motorcycles = ['honda', 'yamaha', 'suzuki']
print(motorcycles[0])
print(motorcycles[-1])

print("for循环遍历整个列表")
magicians = ['alice', 'david', 'carolina']
for magician in magicians:print(magician)

magicians = ['alice', 'david', 'carolina']
for magician in magicians:
    print(magician.title() + ", that was a great trick!")
    print("I can't wait to see your next trick, " + magician.title() + ".\n")
print("Thank you, everyone. That was a great magic show!")

#函数range() 让Python从你指定的第一个值开始数，并在到达你指定的第二个值 后停止，因此输出不包含第二个值（这里为5）。
print("创建数值列表")
for value in range(1,5): print(value)
numbers = list(range(1,6))
print(numbers)
even_numbers = list(range(2,11,2))
print(even_numbers)


squares = []
for value in range(1,11):
    squares.append(value**2)
    print(squares)

digits = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 0]
print(min(digits))
print(max(digits))
print(sum(digits))

print("使用列表的一部分")
players = ['charles', 'martina', 'michael', 'florence', 'eli']
print(players[0:3])
players = ['charles', 'martina', 'michael', 'florence', 'eli']
print(players[2:])
print("遍历切片")
players = ['charles', 'martina', 'michael', 'florence', 'eli']
print("Here are the first three players on my team:")
for player in players[:3]:
    print(player.title())

my_foods = ['pizza', 'falafel', 'carrot cake']
friend_foods = my_foods[:]
print("My favorite foods are:")
print(my_foods)
print("\nMy friend's favorite foods are:")
print(friend_foods)

my_foods = ['pizza', 'falafel', 'carrot cake']
friend_foods = my_foods[:]
my_foods.append('cannoli')
friend_foods.append('ice cream')
print("My favorite foods are:")
print(my_foods)
print("\nMy friend's favorite foods are:")
print(friend_foods)

print("元组")
dimensions = (200, 50)
print(dimensions[0])
print(dimensions[1])

dimensions = (200, 100)
for dimension in dimensions:
    print(dimension)

####################### 第 5 章 if 语句 ################################
print("##############第 5 章章 if 语句##############")
cars = ['audi', 'bmw', 'subaru', 'toyota']
for car in cars:
    if car == 'bmw': print(car.upper())
    else:print(car.title())

car = 'bmw'
car == 'bmw'
print(car == 'bmw')

answer = 17
if answer != 42: print("That is not the correct answer. Please try again!")

requested_toppings = ['mushrooms', 'onions', 'pineapple']
print('mushrooms' in requested_toppings)

age = 12
if age < 4: print("Your admission cost is $0.")
elif age < 18: print("Your admission cost is $5.")
else:print("Your admission cost is $10.")