【配置】@PropertySource、@ImportResource与@Bean

@PropertySource

功能：加载指定的配置文件。
@ConfigurationProperties默认从全局配置文件中获取值。

示例：
在@ConfigurationProperties与@Value的区别的基础上进行修改：
Person类：

package com.qublog.springboot_config.bean;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.PropertySource;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.validation.annotation.Validated;

import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;


//将配置文件中配置的每一个属性的值，映射到这个组件中
//@ConfigurationProperties告诉sspringboot将本类中所有的属性和配置文件中相关的配置进行绑定
//prefix：配置文件中哪个下面的属性进行一一映射
//只有这个组件是容器中的组件，才能提供的@ConfigurationProperties功能
@PropertySource(value = {"classpath:person.properties"})
@Component
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "person")
public class Person {

    /*
    * <bean class="Person">
    *     <property name="lastName" value="字面量/${key}从环境变量或配置文件中获取值/#{SpEL}"></property>
    * </bean>
    * @Value与value属性具有相同用法
    * */
//    @Value("${person.last-name}")
    private String lastName;
//    @Value("#{3*10}")
    private Integer age;
//    @Value("true")
    private Boolean boss;
    private Date birth;

    private Map<String, Object> maps;
    private List<Object> lists;
    private Dog dog;

    public String getLastName() {
        return lastName;
    }

    public void setLastName(String lastName) {
        this.lastName = lastName;
    }

    public Integer getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(Integer age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    public Boolean getBoss() {
        return boss;
    }

    public void setBoss(Boolean boss) {
        this.boss = boss;
    }

    public Date getBirth() {
        return birth;
    }

    public void setBirth(Date birth) {
        this.birth = birth;
    }

    public Map<String, Object> getMaps() {
        return maps;
    }

    public void setMaps(Map<String, Object> maps) {
        this.maps = maps;
    }

    public List<Object> getLists() {
        return lists;
    }

    public void setLists(List<Object> lists) {
        this.lists = lists;
    }

    public Dog getDog() {
        return dog;
    }

    public void setDog(Dog dog) {
        this.dog = dog;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Person{" +
                "lastName='" + lastName + '\'' +
                ", age=" + age +
                ", boss=" + boss +
                ", birth=" + birth +
                ", maps=" + maps +
                ", lists=" + lists +
                ", dog=" + dog +
                '}';
    }
}

@ImportResource

功能：导入spring的配置文件，让配置文件中的内容生效。
先进行测试：
HelloService类

package com.qublog.springboot_config.service;

public class HelloService {
}

beans.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

    <bean id="helloService" class="com.qublog.springboot_config.service.HelloService">

    </bean>

</beans>

SpringbootConfigApplicationTests类：

package com.qublog.springboot_config;

import com.qublog.springboot_config.bean.Person;
import com.qublog.springboot_config.service.HelloService;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;

@SpringBootTest
class SpringbootConfigApplicationTests {

    @Autowired
    Person person;

    @Autowired
    ApplicationContext ioc;

    @Test
    public void testHelloService() {
        boolean b = ioc.containsBean("helloService");
        System.out.println(b);
    }

    @Test
    void contextLoads() {
        System.out.println(person);
    }

}

从输出可以看出springboot里没有spring的配置文件，我们自己编写的配置文件也不能自动识别，想让spring配置文件生效加载进来，就要使用@ImportResource，把它标志在配置类上。

SpringbootConfigApplication类：

package com.qublog.springboot_config;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ImportResource;

@ImportResource(locations = {"classpath:beans.xml"})
@SpringBootApplication
public class SpringbootConfigApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(SpringbootConfigApplication.class, args);
    }

}

@Bean

springboot推荐给容器中添加组件的方式（全注解方式）
功能：将方法的返回值添加到容器中，容器中这个组件默认的id就是方法名。

示例：
SpringbootConfigApplication类：

package com.qublog.springboot_config;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ImportResource;

//@ImportResource(locations = {"classpath:beans.xml"})
@SpringBootApplication
public class SpringbootConfigApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(SpringbootConfigApplication.class, args);
    }

}

MyAppConfig类：

package com.qublog.springboot_config.config;

import com.qublog.springboot_config.service.HelloService;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

//@Configuration指明当前类是一个配置类，来替代配置文件
@Configuration
public class MyAppConfig {

    //将方法的返回值添加到容器中，容器中这个组件默认的id就是方法名
    @Bean
    public HelloService helloService() {
        System.out.println("HelloService success");
        return new HelloService();
    }

}

SpringbootConfigApplicationTests类：

package com.qublog.springboot_config;

import com.qublog.springboot_config.bean.Person;
import com.qublog.springboot_config.service.HelloService;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;

@SpringBootTest
class SpringbootConfigApplicationTests {

    @Autowired
    Person person;

    @Autowired
    ApplicationContext ioc;

    @Test
    public void testHelloService() {
        boolean b = ioc.containsBean("helloService");
        System.out.println(b);
    }

    @Test
    void contextLoads() {
        System.out.println(person);
    }

}