一、先分析两个长难句
1,It is a truth universally acknowledged that a single man in possession of a good fortune must be in want of a wife.
人们公认这样一个事实,一个有钱的单身男人一定想要娶一个妻子。
in want of == want 想要
university== widely 广泛的、宇宙的
2,As the parents had five children,life was a perpetual struggle against poverty.
家里已有五个孩子,全家人常年在贫困中挣扎。
perpetual 永久的、永恒的
所有的长难句都是在这些简单句的基础上增加修饰的,真正好的写作就是用简短的句子写出深刻的语义的
二、 简单句的五大句型
1,主+谓
You jump,I jump.
In youth,we learn.In old age,we understand.
少时力沧海,暮年品百川。
2,主+谓+宾
I see you.(我懂你)
眼相见,心相连。
I love you.
I love three things,the sun,the moon and you.The sun for the day,the moon for the night,and you,forever.
浮世万千,吾爱有三。
喷薄朝阳,浩婉皎月。
不及汝尔,沧海桑田。
He is too young to go to school.
3.主+谓+宾(间接宾语-人)+宾(直接宾语-物)==主谓双宾
检验原则:两个宾语可以调换位置。(需增加相应的介词to/for),换完之后仍然符合正常语序,即为主谓双宾。
1,Please do me(间接宾语)a favor(帮助、帮忙).
===Could you do me a favor?
Please do a favor for me.(换完序,语义通顺)
2,Love gives us a fairy tale.(祈使句不需要主语,,对谁讲,谁就是主语)
爱给了我们一个童话。
Love gives a fairy tale for us.(换完序,语义通顺)
4.主+谓+宾+宾补(复合宾语===宾+宾补)(主+谓+复合宾语)
检验原则:宾语和补语之间加一个系动词(be),可以构成语义通顺的句子。
1,I found the book easy.
我发现这本书很容易读。
the book is easy.
2,Love makes man grow up or sink down.
爱使人成长或者沉沦。
makes man is grow up or sink down
区分双宾语和复合宾语
1,I will make Alex my husband.(我将使Alex成为我的丈夫)
Alex is my husband.(复合宾语,宾语Alex和宾补husband之间加个be动词语义仍然通顺)
2,I will make Alex a cake.(我讲给Alex一块蛋糕)
I will make a cake for Alex.(主谓双宾,两个宾,语可以调换位置)
练习:
An arrogant person considers himself perfect.
This is the chief harm of arrogance .
It interferes with a person’s main task in life——becoming a better person.
分析:
An arrogant person considers himself perfect.
he is perfect===复合宾语
This is the chief(主要的) harm(害处) of arrogance(自大).
A of B===B的A
It interferes(阻碍) with a person’s main task(主要任务) in life——becoming a better person.
生词一定要猜出态度(褒贬,好与坏)
5,主+系(be)+表 === 主+谓(实义动词)+补
系动词(linking verb连接主语和后面的成分)
系动词之后的成分就是表语
表语(表达前主语的什么状态adj,是什么样的n)
You are my sunshine.
动词:
实意动词:能表达实际感情色彩的词、动作
系动词:连接主语和后面的成分
助动词:帮助实意动词去否定、疑问、反义疑问(因为实意动词没法进行那些)
例如:do,dose,has,have,will…
You are my sunshine my only sunshine.
You make me happy when skies are grey.(I am happy复合宾语)
You’ll never know dear how much I love you.
So please don’t take my sunshine away.
He is a responsible men.
他是一个好男人
She is a virtuous women.
她是一个好老婆
简单句
1,抓住干:主谓宾
2,修饰成分:定状补
An easy-going non-self-denying life will never be one of power.
简单句变复杂句
修饰成分:定语、状语、补语
Tools and technology have been ignored.
Tools and technolohy themselves as a source of fundamental innovation have largely
been ignored.
as a source of fundamental innovation作为基础革新的源泉
A of B in Exam
Tools and technology have been ignored.
Over the years,tools and technology themselves as a source of fundamental innovation have largely been ignored by historians and philosophers of science.
多年以来,作为根本性创新的源泉,工具和技术本身在很大程度上被科学史学家和哲学家所忽视。
反身代词翻译成本身
A of B,
A和B都是名词
He is a hard-working man.===He is a men of diligence.
the insights(洞察力) of great men(伟人) of genius(天才).
天才伟人的洞察力。
A of B of C===C的B的A
With this faith,we are able to hew out of the
mountain of despair a stone of hope.
有了这个信念,我们就能从绝望之山中砍出一块希望之石。(从绝望中寻找希望)
Failure is the foundation of success.
Success is the lurking place of failure.
祸兮福所倚,福兮祸所伏。
The pervasive(流行的) issue of…is heatedly debated by the public recently.Some individuals contend(认为)that…,while others claim that…
区分双宾语和复合宾语
She will make him a good husband.
he is a good husband.(复合宾语)
make:使成为(她会使他成为一个好丈夫)
She will make him a good wife.
make a good wife for him.(双宾语)
make:develop into(她会成为他的好妻子)