python知识点三：列表排序

1. 利用列表内置sort方法

# 升序
print("【sort升序】")
my_list = [10, 9, 6, 5, 7, 8, 4, 3, 2, 1]
my_list.sort()
print(my_list)
# 降序
print("【sort降序】")
my_list.sort(reverse=True)
print(my_list)
# （续）利用lambda表达式对列表对象进行排序
people = [
    Person("Alice", 25),
    Person("Bob", 20),
    Person("Charlie", 30),
    Person("Dave", 25)
]
# 对人员列表按照年龄进行升序排序
print("【sort -> lambda对象升序】")
people.sort(key=lambda x: x.age)
print(people)  # 输出 [Bob (20), Alice (25), Dave (25), Charlie (30)]
# 对人员列表按照姓名进行升序排序
print("【sort -> lambda对象降序】")
people.sort(key=lambda x: x.age, reverse=True)
print(people)  # 输出 [Alice (25), Bob (20), Charlie (30), Dave (25)]

2. 利用sorted函数

# 升序
print("【sorted升序】")
new_list = sorted(my_list)
print(new_list)
# 降序
print("【sorted降序】")
new_list = sorted(my_list, reverse=True)
print(new_list)
# lambda升序
print("【sorted -> lambda升序】")
new_list = sorted(my_list, key=lambda x: x)
print(new_list)
# lambda降序
print("【sorted -> lambda降序】")
new_list = sorted(my_list, key=lambda x: -x)
print(new_list)
# 对人员列表按照年龄进行升序排序
print("【sorted -> lambda对象升序】")
new_list = sorted(people, key=lambda x: x.age)
print(new_list)
# 对人员列表按照年龄进行降排序
print("【sorted -> lambda对象降序】")
new_list = sorted(people, key=lambda x: x.age, reverse=True)
print(new_list)

3. 利用operate模块的itemgetter()函数

# 按第二个元素升序排序
print("【sorted -> itemgetter按第2个元素升序】")
my_list = [('apple', 3), ('banana', 1), ('orange', 2), ('pear', 4)]
new_list = sorted(my_list, key=itemgetter(1))
print(new_list)

4. 多个排序关键字【第一个排序相同时，看第二个】

    print("【多字段排序：年龄升序，工资升序】")
    people = [
        Person2("Alice", 25, 5000),
        Person2("Bob", 20, 6000),
        Person2("Charlie", 30, 4000),
        Person2("Dave", 25, 5500)
    ]
    new_list = sorted(people, key=lambda p: (p.age, p.salary))
    print(new_list)
    print("【多字段排序：年龄降序，工资降序】")
    new_list = sorted(people, key=lambda p: (-p.age, -p.salary))
    print(new_list)