Java学习笔记 字符串的基本方法

package cn.itcast.day09.demo2;
/*内容比较
public boolean equals(Object obj) 参数为任意对象 区分大小写
*只有参数是字符串且内容相同才会返回true
* */
public class Demo01StringEquals {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String str1 = "Hello";
        String str2 = "Hello";
        char[]charArray = {'H','e','l','l','o'};
        String str3 = new String(charArray);
        System.out.println(str1.equals(str2));//true
        System.out.println(str1.equals(str3));//true
        System.out.println(str3.equals("Hello"));//true
        System.out.println("Hello".equals(str2));//true
        //equals方法具有对称性，a.equals(b)与b.equals(a)一样
        //常量与变量比较时，通常将变量写在括号内
        String str4 = "abc";
        System.out.println(str4.equals("abc"));//不推荐,可能会空指针异常
        System.out.println("abc".equals(str4));//推荐
        System.out.println("==================");
        String strA = "Java";
        String strB = "java";
        System.out.println(strA.equals(strB));//false
        System.out.println(strA.equalsIgnoreCase(strB));//true 忽略大小写
    }
}

字符串的常用获取方法

package cn.itcast.day09.demo2;
/*String中的常用获取方法
* public int length() 获取长度
* public String concat(String str)  将当前字符串和参数字符串拼接返回成为新的字符串
* public char charAt(int index)     获取指定位置的单个字符
* public int indexOf(String str)     查找目标字符串在本字符串中首次出现的索引位置，若没有则返回-1*/
public class Demo02StringGet {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        int length = "fawdsfhdskankjdfnakdfna".length();
        System.out.println(length);
        //拼接字符串
        String str1 = "Hello";
        String str2 = "World";
        String str3 = str1.concat(str2);
        System.out.println(str1);//不变
        System.out.println(str2);//不变
        System.out.println(str3);//Hello World 新的字符串 原字符串不变
        System.out.println("=============");
        //获取指定位置的单个字符charAt方法
        System.out.println("Hello".charAt(1));//e
        System.out.println("=============");
        //查找目标字符串在本字符串中首次出现的索引位置，若没有则返回-1  indexOf 方法
        String original = "HelloWorld";
        int index = original.indexOf("llo");//2
        System.out.println(index);
        System.out.println(original.indexOf("abc"));//-1

    }
}

截取方法

package cn.itcast.day09.demo2;
/*字符串截取方法
* public String substring (int index)  截取从参数位置到字符串末尾，返回新的字符串
* public String substring (int begin,int end)  [begin,end)
*
 *
* */
public class Demo03Substring {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String str1 = "HelloWorld";
        String str2 = str1.substring(5);
        System.out.println("str1 is "+str1);//没变
        System.out.println("str2 is "+str2);//新的字符串
        System.out.println("==============");
        String str3 = str1.substring(4,7);
        System.out.println(str3);//owo
        String strA = "Hello";
        //strA中为地址值，从Hello的地址变为java的地址
        System.out.println(strA);//Hello
        strA = "java";
        System.out.println(strA);//java
    }
}

转换方法

package cn.itcast.day09.demo2;
/*转换方法
* public char[] toCharArray() 拆分为字符数组
* public byte[] getBytes() 获得字符串底层字节数组
* public String replace(CharSequence oldString ,CharSequence newString) 所有老字符串替换为新字符串，返回新字符串
* CharSequence可以接收字符串*/
public class Demo04StringConvert {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        char [] chars = "Hello".toCharArray();
        //转换为字符数组
        System.out.println(chars[0]);
        System.out.println(chars.length);//5
        System.out.println("=============");
        //转换为字节数组
        byte[] bytes = "abc".getBytes();
        for (int i = 0; i < bytes.length; i++) {
            System.out.println(bytes[i]);
        }
        System.out.println("=============");
        String str1 = "How do you do?";
        String str2 = str1.replace("o","*");
        System.out.println(str1);//不变
        System.out.println(str2);
    }
}

分割方法

package cn.itcast.day09.demo2;
/*分割字符串的方法
* public String[] spilt (String regex )  按照参数规则将字符串分割为若干部分
* regex为正则表达式 若用英文句点.会出错，若用必须写"\\."
* spilt方法参数为 正则表达式*/
public class Demo05StringSplit {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String str1 = "aaa,bbb,ccc";//一个字符串
        String[] array1 = str1.split(",");//按照,进行分割
        for (int i = 0; i < array1.length; i++) {
            System.out.println(array1[i]);  //aaa bbb ccc
        }
        System.out.println("=================");
        String str2 = "aaa.bbb.ccc";
        String[] array2 = str2.split(".");//无法分割.
        System.out.println(array2.length);//0
        for (int i = 0; i < array2.length; i++) {
            System.out.println(array2[i]);//输出为空
        }
        System.out.println("=================");
        String str3 = "aaa.bbb.ccc";
        String[] array3= str3.split("\\.");
        System.out.println(array3.length);//0
        for (int i = 0; i < array3.length; i++) {
            System.out.println(array3[i]);//输出为空
        }
    }
}

练习

package cn.itcast.day09.demo2;
//将{1,2,3}拼接成[word1#word2#word3]
public class Demo06StringPractice {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        int[] array = {1, 2, 3};
        String result = fromArrayToSting(array);
        System.out.println(result);
    }

    public static String fromArrayToSting(int[] array) {
        String str = "[";
        for (int i = 0; i < array.length; i++) {
            if (i == array.length - 1) {
                str += "word" + array[i] + "]";
            } else {
                str += "word" + array[i] + "#";
            }
        }
        return str;
    }
}