struct file结构体

Linux源码：https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/v4.13.16/source/kernel
struct file的来历
我们知道对于每一个进程OS内核都会分配一个task_struct结构(linux-4.13.16\include\linux\sched.h中)，其中有一个类型为files_struct的结构体：

struct task_struct {
    ......
/* Filesystem information: */
	struct fs_struct		*fs;

	/* Open file information: */
	struct files_struct		*files;
	......
};

而files_struct结构体中最为重要的一项就是文件描述符列表，每打开一个文件，就会在这个列表中分配一项，下标就是文件描述符，每一项都是一个指向struct file 的指针：

#define BITS_PER_LONG 32
#define NR_OPEN_DEFAULT BITS_PER_LONG
struct files_struct {//linux-4.13.16\include\linux\fdtable.h
    ......
    struct file __rcu * fd_array[NR_OPEN_DEFAULT];
};

后面解析Open,read,write函数时的struct file皆是从这这列表中获取的：

struct file {//linux-4.13.16\include\linux\fs.h
    union {
		struct llist_node	fu_llist;
		struct rcu_head 	fu_rcuhead;
	} f_u;
	struct path		f_path;
	struct inode		*f_inode;	/* cached value */
	const struct file_operations	*f_op;

	/*
	 * Protects f_ep_links, f_flags.
	 * Must not be taken from IRQ context.
	 */
	spinlock_t		f_lock;
	enum rw_hint		f_write_hint;
	atomic_long_t		f_count;
	unsigned int 		f_flags;
	fmode_t			f_mode;
	struct mutex		f_pos_lock;
	loff_t			f_pos;
	struct fown_struct	f_owner;
	const struct cred	*f_cred;
	struct file_ra_state	f_ra;
    
	u64			f_version;
#ifdef CONFIG_SECURITY
	void			*f_security;
#endif
	/* needed for tty driver, and maybe others */
	void			*private_data;

#ifdef CONFIG_EPOLL
	/* Used by fs/eventpoll.c to link all the hooks to this file */
	struct list_head	f_ep_links;
	struct list_head	f_tfile_llink;
#endif /* #ifdef CONFIG_EPOLL */
	struct address_space	*f_mapping;
	errseq_t		f_wb_err;
};